COPYRIGHT BASICS

Marc Vogle

History of Copyright

• 1790 – first American copyright law (14 year term)• 1831 – added musical compositions and increased

initial term to 28 years• 1909 – extended term to 56 years• 1912 – added motion pictures• 1971 – added sound recordings• 1978 – extended term to the life of the author plus 50

years• 1998 – extended term to life of the author plus 70 years• 2002 – TEACH act created to allow educational

institutions to use copyrighted items

*For a more detailed timeline, CLICK HERE

Important Facts

• Authors do not have to use © symbol• Copyright protects the form in

which the idea is presented, but not the idea itself• Any original work is

copyrighted

What Is NOT Copyright Protected

• Work that is not tangible• Titles, names, short phrases, and

slogans• Ideas and facts• Processes and systems• Federal government works

Six Copyrights

• Reproduction• Derivatives and samples• Distribution• Public performance• Public display• Digital audio transmissions of sound

recordings

Reproduction

• Reproduction can be defined as making an exact copy of the original work.

• Only author can reproduce or make copies of the work

Derivative and Samples

• Author has the rights over any transformation or deviation from the original work

• Includes translations, musical arrangements, motion pictures, and art work

Distribution

• Gives the author the right to sell the work to the public

• Prevents unauthorized copies

Public Performance

• Author controls how the work is performed publicly

• Includes theater, television, motion pictures, and musical works

Public Display

• Author controls how the work is displayed

• Includes pictorials, sculptures, literary works, and photographic stills

Audio Transmissions

• Author controls how audio recordings are distributed

Fair Use Act

• Copyrighted materials may be used in certain situations, considering…– The purpose of the use (commercial or

educational)– The nature of the copyrighted work– The amount of copyrighted work being

used– The effect on the value of the

copyrighted work

Examples of Fair Use

• Criticism and commentary• Parodies• News reports• Art• Research• Search engines

Fair Use Video

• Watch this video to learn more about Fair Use• When finished, think about

how Fair Use applies to you when completing school projects

Additional Information

• On the following website, click on the students to reveal the answers to their questions• Frequently Asked Questions

True or False

• On the next 5 slides, read each statement and determine whether it is true or false• Click the mouse to reveal the correct answer

True or False

• You have to register a work with the government in order for it to be copyrighted.

• FALSE. Any original work is automatically copyright. However, if you want to claim infringement, you have to have a registered copyright.

True or False

•You are allowed to up to 30 seconds of a song in your projects.•TRUE

True or False

•All copyrighted materials have the © symbol.•FALSE. All original work is copyrighted and does not have to have the symbol.

True or False

• You may create a movie based on a book without permission because it is using the work in a different form.

• FALSE Derivatives and public performance gives the author rights over any transformation of the original work.

True or False

•The Fair Use Act allows students to use portions of copyrighted materials in their projects.•TRUE

Conclusion

• Think about what you have learned about copyright.

• Send the teacher an email telling the three most important things you have learned.

Resources

• http://www.cyberbee.com/cb_copyright.swf

• http://www.teachingcopyright.org/• http://www.copyright.gov/fls/fl102.ht

ml• http://www.bitlaw.com/copyright/scop

e.html• http://www.historyofcopyright.org/pb/

wp_fe548a29/wp_fe548a29.html?0.17312409493250624

• http://www.copyright.gov/

References

• US Copyright Office. (2012). Copyright. Retrieved from http://www.copyright.gov/

• Doteasy. (2005). History of copyright. Retrieved from http://www.historyofcopyright.org/pb/wp_fe548a29/wp_fe548a29.html?0.17312409493250624

• Tysver, D. (2010). Rights granted under copyright law. Retrieved from http://www.bitlaw.com/copyright/scope.html

• Electronic Frontier Foundation. (n.d.). Teaching copyright. Retrieved from http://www.teachingcopyright.org/

• Joseph, L. (2002). Cyberbee copyright. Retrieved from http://www.cyberbee.com/cb_copyright.swf

• Faden, E. (2007). A fair(y) use tale. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJn_jC4FNDo&feature=PlayList&p=46F893CDA1B6C067&playnext_from=PL&index=0&playnext=1