voip cookbook
DESCRIPTION
Voip ProjectTRANSCRIPT
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VoIP Cookbook:Building your own Telecommunication Infrastructure
ByOnno W. PurboAnton Raharja
Edited ByNurlina Noertam
Funded ByInternet Society Innovation Fund (ISIF)
One Destination Center December 2010
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TableofContentsABOUTTHEAUTHORS.........................................................................................................................1PREFACE...................................................................................................................................................2CHAPTER1:VoIPOverview....................................................................................................................3
HowVoIPWorksforDummies.............................................................................................................3WheretoStart?......................................................................................................................................4WhatIsInternetTelephony?..................................................................................................................5
CHAPTER2:Becomingauser.................................................................................................................7PCtoPCInternetTelephoneCall.........................................................................................................7Usingsoftphone...................................................................................................................................11
InstallingXLite..............................................................................................................................11XliteConfiguration........................................................................................................................15InstallEkiga....................................................................................................................................19ConfiguringEkiga...........................................................................................................................19ConfiguringAccountinEkiga........................................................................................................27
TestyourSIPSoftphone......................................................................................................................30CHAPTER3:VoIPHardwareforexperiencedUsers..............................................................................35
LinksysPAP2AnalogTelephoneAdapter........................................................................................36LinksysIPPhoneSPA941..................................................................................................................41WiFiIPPhone......................................................................................................................................46
LinksysWirelessGIPPhone.........................................................................................................47HewlettPackardIpaq6395.............................................................................................................56
ActivatingIpaq6395'sWirelessCapability...............................................................................56RunningSJPhone.......................................................................................................................58SJPhoneFeatures.......................................................................................................................64UsingSJPhonetoplacecallthroughIpaq6395........................................................................65
Nokia...............................................................................................................................................68NokiaWirelessConfiguration..................................................................................................69SIPServerandAccountConfigurationinNokiaE61................................................................73InternetTelephoneConfigurationinNokia...............................................................................76RegisteringtoVoIPSoftswitch..................................................................................................77CallingusingInternetTelephoneinNokiaE61.........................................................................80
VoIPinADSLModem........................................................................................................................82ADSLModemConfiguration........................................................................................................83VoIPConfigurationinLinksysWAG54GP2..................................................................................86
CHAPTER4:InterconnectivityandTelephoneNumberAllocation.......................................................93GettingFreeWashingtonStateTelephoneNumber.............................................................................94FreeInternetCountry:CountryCode+882........................................................................................97IntroducingyourcountrycodetoInternationalVoIPnetwork..........................................................104VoIPRakyat'sENUM
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...........................................................................................................................................................106ConnectingtoPSTNandCellularUsingVoIPDiscount...................................................................116VoIPCheap........................................................................................................................................118
CHAPTER5:AsteriskSoftswitch.........................................................................................................120MinimalResourceforAsterisk.........................................................................................................121AsteriskInstallation...........................................................................................................................121CompileAsterisk...............................................................................................................................122ConfiguringAsterisk.........................................................................................................................124ENUM.CONFConfiguration............................................................................................................124SIP.CONFConfiguration..................................................................................................................125EXTENSIONS.CONFConfiguration...............................................................................................126
CHAPTER6:AsteriskforIncomingandOutgoingcalls.....................................................................129DefiningSIPChannelinsip.conf.....................................................................................................129AsteriskasSIPClient........................................................................................................................129GenericSIPconfiguration................................................................................................................131DAHDIUsageForVoIPCards..........................................................................................................141
DAHDIArchitecture.....................................................................................................................142Kernel.......................................................................................................................................142Tools.........................................................................................................................................142
DAHDISampleinstallation..........................................................................................................143DAHDIextensions.conf.....................................................................................................................146
CHAPTER7:BrikerSoftswitch.............................................................................................................148Briker'sInstallationProcess...............................................................................................................148Briker'sConsole.................................................................................................................................154Briker'sWebConfiguration...............................................................................................................156ZaptelConfiguration.........................................................................................................................159SIPTrunk...........................................................................................................................................160IAX2Trunk.......................................................................................................................................163H323Trunk........................................................................................................................................165ZAPTrunk.........................................................................................................................................167OutboundRoutes...............................................................................................................................168InboundRoutes..................................................................................................................................170InteractiveVoiceResponse................................................................................................................171SetupRecordings...............................................................................................................................171RingGroups.......................................................................................................................................172PinSets...............................................................................................................................................174
CHAPTER8:OpenSIPSHighPerformanceSoftswitch........................................................................175CompileOpenSIPS............................................................................................................................175PrepareUserDatabaseServer............................................................................................................176Useopensipsctl..................................................................................................................................178SomeRoutingTechniqueinOpenSIPS.............................................................................................178
HowtoroutetoPSTNandCellular..............................................................................................179HowtorouteusingAreaCodeforinterconnectedSIPServers....................................................180
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HowtorouteENUMQueryinOpenSIPS....................................................................................181TestENUMQueryinOpenSIP.....................................................................................................181ENUMRoutingTableinOpenSIPSconfiguration.......................................................................182
CHAPTER9:ENUM.............................................................................................................................184ExampleofENUMService...............................................................................................................184DelegationConceptinENUM...........................................................................................................184ENUMImplementation.....................................................................................................................186
BINDInstallation..........................................................................................................................186SetupBINDforENUMServer.....................................................................................................186TestDNSforENUMQuery..........................................................................................................188
ENUMDelegationinBIND..............................................................................................................189CHAPTER10:ConferenceServeronAsterisk.....................................................................................191
ConfiguringConferenceRoomMeetMe...........................................................................................191ConfiguringDialplanforConference...............................................................................................192ActivatingConferencewhileOperating...........................................................................................193
CHAPTER11:TrunkPeeringinAsterisk..............................................................................................195CHAPTER12:NATandFirewall..........................................................................................................196CHAPTER13:VoicemailinAsterisk....................................................................................................198CHAPTER14:MoreonAsterisk'sDialplan..........................................................................................201
PatternExtension..............................................................................................................................201Attachingcontext..............................................................................................................................201TheExtensionPattern.......................................................................................................................202
Extension......................................................................................................................................203PredefinedExtensionNames.......................................................................................................203DefiningExtension......................................................................................................................204AninterestingExtensionExamples..............................................................................................206
VariableandEquation.......................................................................................................................208Reloading...........................................................................................................................................208ForwardingtoanotherAsterisk.........................................................................................................208
CHAPTER15:VoIPIPPBXHardware.................................................................................................210LinksysSPA9000...............................................................................................................................210
LinksysSPA9000Configuration..................................................................................................211ConfiguringVoIPonLinksysSPA9000......................................................................................214
CHAPTER16:AnalogTelephoneAdapterforconnectiontoPSTN....................................................219LinksysSPA3000AnalogTelephoneAdapter.................................................................................220
ConfigureLinksysSPA3000.........................................................................................................221LinksysSPA3000ATAStatus......................................................................................................225
LevelOneVOI2100AnalogTelephoneAdapter...............................................................................227LinksysSPA400withfourFXOs......................................................................................................246
UsingtheSPA400withAsterisk..................................................................................................246ConfigureAsterisktotalktoLinksysSPA400.............................................................................248ConnectPSTNusingLinksysSPA9000andLinksysSPA400.....................................................251ConfigureLinksysSPA9000totalktoLinksysSPA400..............................................................260
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CHAPTER17:OpenBTS.......................................................................................................................261OpenGSMInfrastructure..................................................................................................................261History...............................................................................................................................................261FieldTest............................................................................................................................................261Niue...................................................................................................................................................262GNURadio.........................................................................................................................................262
LibraryInstallation.......................................................................................................................263WxWidgetInstallation..................................................................................................................263SWIGInstallation.........................................................................................................................264QWTInstallation..........................................................................................................................264GNURadioInstallation.................................................................................................................264USRPHandling............................................................................................................................265USRPVerification........................................................................................................................266
OpenBTSInstallation........................................................................................................................268AGlimpseonOpenBTSConfiguration............................................................................................269AsteriskConfigurationtoworkwithOpenBTS................................................................................270
AutomaticSIMRegistration.........................................................................................................272OpenBTSOperation..........................................................................................................................272
CHAPTER18:PeeringAmongProviders..............................................................................................274FreeSIPProxyServers......................................................................................................................276BecomingaPeerinSIPNetwork...........................................................................................................................................................276
CHAPTER19:InternetTelephonyBandwidth.....................................................................................278CodingDecoding(CODEC)..............................................................................................................278MeanOpinionScore(MOS).............................................................................................................279MOSandRFactorvaluesforG.711,G.723,andG.729....................................................................281CalculatingTheRequiredBandwidth...............................................................................................282CalculationforCallCenter................................................................................................................285VoIPCapacityPlanning.....................................................................................................................287
CHAPTER20:VoIPEvaluation............................................................................................................291EvaluateVoIPPerformanceusingVQManager................................................................................291
VQManagerInstallation...............................................................................................................291SomeoftheImportantScriptsofVQManager.............................................................................292ActivateVQManagerWebService...............................................................................................293ChangingtheMonitoredInterface................................................................................................301InsertingnewInterface................................................................................................................301MonitorVoIPPerformance...........................................................................................................302
EvaluateVoIPPerformanceusingSIPp.............................................................................................311InstallationofSIPp........................................................................................................................311InstallationofSIPpWebfrontend..................................................................................................311TransactionOrientedTestusingSIPp...........................................................................................312AccesstotheSIPpWebfrontend...................................................................................................315
CHAPTER21:VoIPTroubleshooting...................................................................................................326
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CODECandVocoder........................................................................................................................326PreparingAVoIPReadyNetwork.....................................................................................................327Minimalrequirement/configuration................................................................................................327Testpriortooperationofthesystem.................................................................................................327SomeUsefulReferencesForVoIPTroubleshooting........................................................................328
References..............................................................................................................................................329VoIPHardware..................................................................................................................................329VoIPSoftswitch.................................................................................................................................329VoIPClientSoftware.........................................................................................................................329TestingSoftware................................................................................................................................329
APPENDIXA:Exampleof/etc/sip.conf...............................................................................................331APPENDIXB:SIPpCOMMANDS......................................................................................................341APPENDIXC:File/usr/local/etc/opensips/cfgtestuas.cfg................................................................348
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ABOUT THE AUTHORS
OnnoWPurboisatechiewhowrotemanypracticalICTbooks.Hehasbeenapopularspeakeratmanyseminarsandconventions.HewithdrewfromhispositionasanIndonesiancivilservantandretiredasalecturerattheBandungInstituteofTechnology,becominganICTactivist.HehaswrittenthousandsofarticlesandpapersandauthoredmorethanfortybooksonICTandthereforereceivedseveralawards,includingaSabaticalAwardfromtheInternationalDevelopmentResearchCenter(IDRC),aCanadianCrowncorporationaimedathelpingdevelopingcountriesusescienceandtechnologytofindpractical,longtermsolutions.Hisprofileisathttp://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/wiki/index.php/Onno_W._Purbo
AntonRaharjaisthefounderofthelargestcommunitybasedSIPSoftswitchVoIPRakyatinIndonesia.HeisalsotheleaddeveloperofBriker,anopensourceSIPsoftswitchappliance.BesidesBriker,Antonactivesindevelopingseveralopensourceapplications,suchas,PlaySMS(SMSGateway),PlayVoIP(theVoIPRakyatEngine),PlayBilling(InternetCafeBillingSystem),WiFiRakyatetc.HehasservedinmanytalkandseminarsonVoIPandOpenSourcesoftware.HeiscurrentlytheTechnicalDirectorofPT.JelajahMediaInformatika,WANDKI,JakartaandtheCEOofPT.InfotechMediaNusantara,Jakarta.In2008,hereceivedaFOSSAwardfromtheIndonesianMinistryofInformationandCommunication.Hisprofileisathttp://www.antonraharja.web.id/curriculumvitae/
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PREFACE
ThisbookisaimedtoprovideapracticalknowledgetosetupacommunitybasedtelephonenetworkbasedovertheInternetInfrastructureA.K.A.InternetTelephoneorVoiceoverInternetProtocol(VoIP).Manyrealworldexampleonequipmentandapplicationsoftwaresetupandinstallationsareprovided.
Wewouldliketothankmanyfriendsathttp://www.asterisk.org,http://www.opensips.org,http://www.voiprakyat.or.id ,http://www.e164.org aswellasmanyforumandmailinglistswithoutwhomitwouldbeimpossibleforustogainalotofknowledgeandideas.
IwouldliketothankmanyofourcomradesthatmanagedtokeeptheirspirithighinmakingasignificantchangeinIndonesiantelecommunicationarea.SomeofthemareSumaryo,DonnyBU,BasukiSuhardiman,HariyantoPribadi,M.Ichsan,HeruNugroho,MichaelSunggiardi,andJudiPrasetyo;aswellasmanyfriendsonthemailinglists.
OnnoW.PurbowouldliketothanktheInternationalDevelopmentResearchCenter(IDRC)http://www.idrc.catosupporthisearlierworkonVoIP.EspeciallytoICT4Dgroup,specially,RichardFuchs,RenaldLafond,GrahamTodd,JoshSkinner,SteveSong,NancySmyth,HeloiseEmdon,MireilleLerouxandFrankTulus.
WewouldliketothankInformationSocietyInnovationFundISIFhttp://www.isif.asia,especiallySylviaCadenaandherteamforsupportingusindocumentingourknowledgeoncommunitybasedInternetTelephony.
WehopethisbookwillenablemorecommunitybasedtelecommunicationandtelephoneprovidersovertheregionalInternet.Furthermore,wehopeitwillenablealowcostaccesstotelecommunicationintheregion.
Jakarta,December2010TheAuthors
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CHAPTER 1: VoIP Overview
Inmanycountries,specially,thedevelopingcountries,peopleseeksforlowcostcommunicationsolutions.Today,Internetisbecomingmoreaccessibleformanypeopleandcorporatesinthesecountries.HavingaccesstoInternet,onemayeasilydeployTelephonenetworkovertheInternetinfrastructure.ItisknownasVoiceoverInternetProtocol(VoIP)alsoknownasInternetTelephony.
ThecuurentVoIPtechnologyisquiteadvanced.Itiscurrentlysimilarifnotmoreadvanceandmayreplacetheexistingtelephonetechnologyevenrecognizingthe+format.Interestingly,mostofthetechnologyisopensourceandreadilyavailableontheInternet.Furthermore,ourexperienceshowsthatthecurrentSoftswitchperformanceonaXeonServermachineisfairlysimilartomediumsizeTelcoswitch.Thus,itwouldbebeneficialforthosewhowishtoimplementtelecommunicationinfrastructuretoseeksolutioninVoIPtechnology.
ThisbookisaimedtoprovideapracticalknowledgetosetupacommunitybasedtelephonenetworkbasedovertheInternetInfrastructureA.K.A.InternetTelephoneorVoiceoverInternetProtocol(VoIP).Manyrealworldexampleonequipmentandapplicationsoftwaresetupandinstallationsareprovided.ItishopedtoenablemorecommunitybasedtelecommunicationandtelephoneprovidersovertheregionalInternet.Intheend,itwillenablealowcostaccesstotelecommunicationintheregion.
How VoIP Works for Dummies.
AoverlysimplifiedfigureonhowVoIPnetworkworkisshowninFigure1.1.TheheartofVoIPnetworkisthesoftswitch.Itstoresallinformationonthesubscribers.Inasimpleview,aVoIPsoftswitchbasicallyhasatablemappingthephonenumberofthesubscriberandthecomputerorIPaddressofthesubscriber.
Everytime,asubscriberwantstomakeacalltoanothersubscriber.Theclientequipmentwillaskthesoftswitchthedestinationaddressoftheothersubscriber.ThedestinationaddresscanbeanIPaddress.Thus,thesoftswitchbasicallystoreinitstable,thephonenumberofthesubscriberandtheirIPaddress.
VoIPwillbemorefun,aswecanuseIPPhoneinsteadofacomputerassubscriberequipment.IPPhonelookssimilartonormalphone.However,itismuchsmallerthanacomputer.Thus,theclientequipmentmayberun24hourswithoutconsumingtoomuchelectricity.
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Figure1.1HowVoIPWorks.
Formoreadvanceduser,wemayinsertananAnalogTelephoneAdapter(ATA)intothenetwork.AnATAisanothertypeofclientequipment.ItmayactasgatewaybetweenVoIPnetworkandlegacyphonenetwork.Thus,anyoneonVoIPnetworkmaycalltotheoldphonenetwork.
Where to Start?
Thebookisdesignedtomeettheneedfor ThosewhowishtotryandtobecomeaVoIPuseronly. ThosewhowishtoexploreonhowtosetupmoreadvanceVoIPuserappliances. ThosewhowishtofindVoIPcorporatesolutions. Thosewhowishtoexploreonsettingupahomebrewsoftswitch. AdvancedtechiesthatwantstoknowindepthhowtooperateaTelcooverInternet.
ForVoIPnewbieusers,equipedwithPC,soundcardandaccesstotheInternet,mightwanttoreadBecomingauser(CHAPTER2)andlittlebitofInterconnectivityandTelephoneNumberAllocation(CHAPTER4).
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ForthosewhowishtoexploreVoIPappliancesmightinterestedinVoIPHardwareforexperiencedUsers(CHAPTER3).Chapter3coversalotofhardwares,including,IPPhone,WifiPhone,AnalogTelephoneAdapter,ADSLModem.
ThosewhoaremoreinterestedincorporatesolutionsmightbeinterestedinVoIPIPPBXHardware(CHAPTER15)andAnalogTelephoneAdapterforconnectiontoPSTN(CHAPTER16).AnymaterialsonVoIPHardwareforexperiencedUsers(CHAPTER3)wouldalsohelp.
ForthosewhowishtosetupahomebrewVoIPsoftswitch,itisbeneficialtoreadBrikerSoftswitch(CHAPTER7)andwithlittleefforttoreadAsteriskSoftswitch(CHAPTER5)andOpenSIPSHighPerformanceSoftswitch(CHAPTER8).ForadvancehomebreweratopiconENUM(CHAPTER9)mightbeofinteresttosetthesystemtorecognize+numberingformatasusedinTelconetwork.
Therestofthetopics,suchas,VoIPBandwidth,conferenceserver,detailedondialplan,trunking,peering,evaluationofVoIPperformance,VoIPtroubleshootingareaimedformoreadvancedusersthatreallywantstofinetunetheInfrastructure.
What Is Internet Telephony?
Inasimpledefinition,VoiceoverInternetProtocol(VoIP)orinternettelephonyisatelephonenetworkovertheinternet(TCP/IP)network.Thus,youcoulduseVoIPanywhereaslongasyouareconnectedtotheinternet.
Therearetwomaininternettelephonytechnology,i.e.,H.323andSessionInitiationProtocol(SIP)thatarefrequentlyused.TheformerisanolderstandarddevelopedbytheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion(ITU),theleadingUnitedNationsagencyforinformationandcommunicationtechnologyissues.Thelatter,SIP,isamoreadvancedtechnologydevelopedbytheInternetEngineeringTaskForce(IETF),alargeinternationalcommunityconcernedwiththeinternetarchitectureanditsdevelopment.Inshort,itissufficientforyoutoknowthattheseprotocolsarethemainengineofVoIPcommunication.ThisbookwillconcentrateonSIPtechnologyasitiscurrentlythemainenginebehindmanyadvancedVoIPdeploymentontheInternet.
HowgoodthequalityofVoIPcommunicationdependsonthetypeofCodecemployedinagivencommunication.ShortforCodingDecoding,Codecisaprocessofturninganalogsignaltodigitalsignalviceversa,allowingaudioandvideotobesentoverthecomputernetwork.Insuchprocess,codecminimizetheuseofbandwidthfortransferringthesignaldatawhileensuringthatthevoicereceivedremainsclear.Avarietyofcodecshavebeendeveloped.
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DespitethatVoIPcommunicationcanbeprovidedforfree,youstillneedtomeetsomebasicrequirements.Theyincludetherequiredequipmentsandsoftware.Attheveryleast,youneedanIPbasednetworkusingTCP/IPandacomputerwithsoundcards,headsets,microphonespeakerandhavethecomputerbeconnectedtoanetworkortheInternet.Softphone,thesoftwarerequiredforVoIPcommunication,isprovidedforfree.
Ifyouhavemoremoneytospend,youcanbuyVoIPreadyequipmentsthatcanbeoperatedwithnoneedforconfigurationorveryminimalconfiguration.Inaddition,youcanavoidthehassleofturningonyourcomputereachtimeyouwanttocommunicatethroughVoIP.Attheminimum,youcanbuyanIPPhone,aphonethatcanbepluggedintoLANnetwork.SomeoftheseIPPhoneshaveWiFicapability,allowingyoutousethephonewhenconnectedtoahotspotnetwork.TherearemanydevicesenablingVoIPcommunication,someofwhichmayormaynotneedconfigurations.
Ifyou'rebuildingamuchmorecomplicatednetwork,youcanimplementIPPBXorInternetTelephonyGatewayalsoknownasAnalogTelephonyAdapeter(ATA),amediumbetweeninternettelephonynetworkandconventionalphonenetwork.
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CHAPTER 2: Becoming a user
NowthatyouknowwhatVoIPis,youmaywanttolearnhowtocommunicateusingVoIPtechnology.Forpracticalreason,inthisearlystageoflearning,wewilluseaSIPprovidercalledVoIPRakyathttp://www.voiprakyat.or.id.,inordertohelpyougraduallyunderstandhowtouseVoIP.TheserviceisnotfavorableforusersoutsideIndonesia,asVoIPRakyat'sserverisphysicallylocatedinIndonesia,therebymakingtheVoIPaudioqualitygoodforthosewholiveinIndonesiabutnotsoforusersoutsideIndonesia.However,theknowledgegainfromVoIPRakyatexperiencesmaybeusedforanyavailableSIPprovidersinyourcountry.
PC to PC Internet Telephone Call
ThispartwillexplainthesimplestVoIPcalltechniqueusingacomputertocallanothercomputerorVoIPnetwork.Allyouneedisacomputerwithasoundcard,headset,microphoneandinternetconnectivity.Howmuchtheseequipmentswillcostdependonthespecificationyouuse.ButsinceVoIPforpersonalusedoesnotrequiresophisticatedequipment,theseequipmentswillnotcostmuch.Oftheserequirements,bandwidthisperhapsthemostimportant,asitdetermineshowgoodthevoicequalityofyourVoIPcommunication.
ForthisPCtoPCcommunication,youneedtoregisterwithaSIPprovider.Theoneweprovidedasanexampleinthisbookishttp://www.voiprakyat.or.id.ThenyouwilllearnhowtoinstallasoftphoneinyourcomputerthesoftwarerequiredforVoIPcommunicationhowtoconfigurethesoftphonetoregisteryourselfusingtheSIPaccountyouhavecreatedandhowtousethesoftphone.
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Figure 2.1 a free SIP provider called VoIP Rakyat
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Figure 2.2 Registration Process in VoIP Rakyat
ClickRegister(Free)inordertoobtainafreeVoIPRakyatnumber.WithRegister(Free)clicked,therearesomeinformationyouhavetofillin.Theseincludeyouremailaddress,name,address,cityandcountry.NickNamefieldisprovidedforJabber(chatting)account.Attheendofregistrationprocess,weneedtoentertheprovidedSecurityCode.
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Figure 2.3 Successful Registation Process
Afterallinformationisfilledincorrectly,VoIPRakyatprovidesuswithaVoIPnumber,thepassword,NicknamerequiredtoallowustomakeacallandchattingthroughVoIPRakyatnetwork.Pleasenotethattheservernameisvoiprakyat.or.id.
Withtheaccountprovided,allwehavetodoistotransformourcomputerintotelephonehandsetsothattocanbeusedtocallovertheinternettelephonynetwork.
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Figure2.7:Choosewhetheryouwanttocreateadesktopicon,quicklaunchiconandlaunchtheapplicationwhenWindowsstarts
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Using softphone
Selecttherightsoftphoneforyourcomputer.MostofthesesoftphonescanbedownloadedfromVoIPRakyathttp://voiprakyat.or.id/download/,oryoucanfindeachofthemfromitswebsite.
Cubix http://www.virbiage.com/cubix.php Idefisk http://www.asteriskguru.com/idefisk/free/ SJPhone http://www.sjlabs.com/sjp.html Xlite http://www.xten.com/index.php?menu=download Ekiga http://ekiga.org
Youneedonlyoneofsoftphones,dependingonwhicheverworksorsuitableforyou;
InstallingXLite
Oncexliteinstallerprogramisrun,wewillbedirectedtoaWelcomingDialogProperties.ClickonNexttoproceedtothenextstepoftheinstallationprocess.
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Figure2.4:XLiteWelcomingInstallationWindow
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Whatappearsnextisthelicensingagreementbetweenxlitecreatorandyoubeingtheuser.ThisensuresthatxlitewillnotbeliableforthepoorVoIPvoicequalityproducedbyxlite.Justlikeearlier,clickontheIaccepttheagreementbuttonandclickNext.
NextXlitewillaskwheretheprogramwillbeinstalled.ThedefaultfolderisC:\ProgramFiles\CounterPath\XLite,asshowninFigure2.6.Youcanchangethefolderifyouwant.
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Figure2.5:CounterpathEndUserLicenseAgreement
Figure2.6:Determinethelocationwherethesoftwarewillbeinstalled
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Whicheverfolderyouchoose,clickNexttocontinuetheinstallationprocess.
Forquickerandeasierwayofusingxlite,youcanaddxliteasadesktopiconorevensetittoactivatewhenWindowsstarts(SeeFigure2.7).ClickNexttoproceed.
Xlitethenextractsallfilesrequiredfortheprogram(SeeFigure2.8).
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Figure2.8:ThedialogWindowsindicatingthatinstallationisinprogress
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Oncetheinstallationprocessiscompleted,youcandirectlyrunXLitebycheckingtheLaunchXLiteboxandclickingFinishbutton.
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Figure2.9:TheWindowsshowingthattheinstallationprocessiscompleted
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XliteConfiguration
AlthoughXLitecouldrunthemomentyoucompletedtheinstallationprocess,itdoesnotmeanyoucanuseitimmediately.Youstillhavetoconfigurethesoftphone.ItsconfigurationmenucanbeopenedbyrightclickingonXlite.XLite3.0hastwolinesthatcanbeoperatedsimultaneously.Thisimplieswecanestablishtwoconcurrentcalls,eachtodifferentdestination.
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Figure2.14:EntertheSIPaccountyouhavecreatedinXLiteConfigurationDialogWindow
Figure2.18XLiteappearsjustlikeanordinaryphone
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InXLite3.0configuration,youcanentertheSIPaccount(s)givenbyyourprovider.However,thefreesoftwareversionofXLite3.0seemstolimitthenumberofSIPaccountsonlyoneaccount.Thepreviousversion,XLite2.0,allows10SIPaccountstobestoredandused.ClickAddtoentertheinformationoftheSIPaccountyouhavejustcreatedinVoIPRakyatorofanyotherSIPaccounts.
Intheaccounttab,youhavetofillinyourusername,authorizationusername,whichisthephonenumbergivenbytheprovider,thepasswordobtainedfromVoIPRakyatoranyotherSIPproviders;theproxyaddress,whichisvoiprakyat.or.id,theaddressofVoIPRakyat.Otherinformationyoualsohavetofillaredomain,whichisvoiprakyat.or.id,andDisplayname,anynameyouwanttoenter.ThisfunctionsasaCallerIDinatelecomnetwork.
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Figure2.15:WiththeAddbuttonclicked,youcanseethePropertiesoftheSIPaccount.WhatappearsfirstistheAccounttab.
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IntheVoicemailtab,wecandeterminetowherewehavetodialinordertolistentoourVoicemail.ForVoIPRakyat,thenumberis904.Enterthisnumberinto"Numbertodialforcheckingvoicemail".Ifyouuseothrprovider,usethenumberprovidedbytheproviderinstead.
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Figure2.16:TheVoicemailtabisusedtosethowyouwouldlikeSJPhonemanagesyourvoicemail
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IntheTopologytab,youcanactivateXlite'sabilitytopenetrateFirewall/NAT,toidentifythepublicIPaddressthatisusedandsoon.YoucanalsousethedefaultsettingsthatwillautomaticallyknowthepublicIPaddressthatweuse.However,NATmaystillbeproblematic,asnotallconfigurationcanbetraversedbysignalingprotocolandmediausedaSIPprovider.
ForPresenceandAdvancedtabs,usethedefaultvalues.SomeparametersyoucanchangearethetimeintervalsusedtoperiodicallyregisterouraccounttotheSIPserver.ThisensuresthattheSIPaccount
remainsregistered.Afterallconfigurationsarecompleted,clickOktoactivatetheconfigurations.
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Figure2.16:SettheparametersundertheTopologytabtodeterminehowSJPhoneworkswithNAT/Firewall
Figure2.17:WiththeboxunderEnabledcolumnticked,youcannowuseyourSIPaccount
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Onceeverythingisproperlyconfigured,theSIPaccountyouhavejustconfiguredwillbecomeavailable.TicktheboxunderthecolumnEnabledtoactivatetheaccount.ThenclickClosetoclosetheSIPaccountmenu.
Withtheconfigurationcompleted,youcannowstartusingXLite.Iftheregistrationprocessissuccessful,youwillgetamessagestatingLoginonthesoftphonescreenorotherwisethemessagestatesRegistrationErrorandyouhavetocheckwhetheryouhaveproperlyconfiguredthesoftphone.
Toplaceacall,clickonthenumbersalreadyavailableorclickthenumbersonthekeypad.
InstallEkiga
Ekiga(formelyknownasGnomeMeeting)isanopensourceSoftPhone,VideoConferencingandInstantMessengerapplicationovertheInternet.ItsupportsHDsoundqualityandvideouptoDVDsizeandquality.Ekigaisinteroperablewithmanyotherstandardcompliantsoftwares,hardwaresandserviceprovidersasitusesboththemajortelephonystandards(SIPandH.323).
ToInstallEkigainUbuntu,
sudoaptgetinstallekiga
ConfiguringEkigaPrincipally,Weneedtodo
Ekiga>Edit>Accounts>AddaSIPAccount
Theneededinformartionwouldbe
Name :VoIPnumberRegistrar :SIPServerUser :VoIPnumberAuthenticationUser :VoIPnumberPassword :passwordVoIP
IntheearlystartofEkiga,weneedtosetseveralparameters.Wemaycanceltheearlyconfiguration
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processanddoitlaterthroughConfigurationAssistantmenufrom
Ekiga>Edit>ConfigurationAssistant
ThedetailedprocessofConfigurationAssistanceisasfollows,
Figure2.18WelcomeBanner
AwelcomebannerisshownfromtheConfigurationAssistantmenu.PressForwardbuttonomove
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forwardtheconfigurationprocess.
Figure2.19EnterFullName.
Thefirststep,weneedtoenterourfullnameintoEkiga.ThenpressForwardbutton.
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Figure2.10VoIPAccount
Thenextmenu,wecansubmitourAccountatEkiga.net.Ekiga.netmayofferanaccounttomakecalloutcallfromVoIP.Ifwedon'thaveanyaccountatEkiga.net,wemaypressForwardtocontinue.
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Figure2.11TypeofNetwork.
Next,weneedtosetthetypeofnetwork.ThiswillaffecttheCODECusedtocompresstheaudio.ForagoodperformanceinLANenvironment,pleaseselectLAN.PressForwardtocontinue.
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Figure2.12TypeofSoundCard
Next,weneedtosetthetypeofsoundcardtobeusedinVoIP.Ekigaisfairlysmarttodetecttheavailablesoundcard.WehardlyneedtochooseorchangetheEkiga'sselectedsoundcard.Next,weneedtopressForwardbutton.
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Figure2.13TypeofVideoCard
Next,wecanselectthetypeofvideodeviceifoneisconnected.Ekigaissmartenoughtodetectanyvideodeviceonthesystem.Tocontinue,pressForward.
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Figure2.14Finish.
Finally,theconfigurationprocessofEkigaiscompleted.ItwillshowthesummaryoftheparameterinEkiga.PressApplytobeginusesEkiga.
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ConfiguringAccountinEkiga
ConfiguringanAccountinEkigamaybedonethroughmenu
Ekiga>Edit>Accountsor
Ekiga>CtrlE
ThedetailedofVoIPAccountconfigurationinEkigaisasfollows,
Figure2.15StartAccountConfiguration.
AftertheAccountmenuisactivated,wewillseetheabovefigure.
Figure2.16AddSIPAccount.
ClickonAccounts>AddaSIPAccount
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Figure2.17AddSIPAccountinformation.
IntheaboveExample,weentertheparametertouseSIPaccountinVoIPRakyat.Enterthedata,namely,
Name NabilSuhaemiRegistrar voiprakyat.or.idUser 123456AuthenticationUser 123456Password
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Figure2.18AddSIPAccountinformation.
Intheabovefigure,wesettheparameterforlocalVoIPsoftswitchatIPaddress192.168.0.3.
Figure2.19EnableSIPAccount.
MakesuretheaccountisactivatedbyclickinontheAcolumn.Tousetheaccount,weneedtomakesuretheaccountisregisteredtothesoftswitch.
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Figure2.20EkigaReadytouse.
ShownintheabovefigureisEkigaafteritsuccessfullyregisteredtothesoftswitch.AtthebottomofthesoftswitchwecanreallyseethatitRegisteredsip:....Atthispoint,wecanmakeacallbyputtingthedestinationnumberinafterthesip:field.
Test your SIP Softphone
Nowthatyouhaveadjustedbothsoftphones(orjustoneofthem),thenextimportantthingyouhavetodoistotestwhetheritcouldrunproperly.Notethatthequalityofthevoiceproducedbythesoftphoneduringthetestmayhavebeenjustfine,butwhenyoursoftphoneisconnectedtoaVoIPprovider,thevoicequalitycouldbepoor,dependingonmanyotherthingssuchasbandwidthavailabilityandthetypeofcodecrunbythesoftphone.Forthistestpurpose,VoIPprovidersusuallyprovidethetelephonenumbertowhichyoucandial.
Ifyourcomputerisconnectedtoaninternetbehindafirewall,thefirewallmightblockyourconnectivity.InordertomakeyourVoIPconnectivityworkingbehindthefirewall,youhavetoopenPort50606060toenableSessionInitiationProtocol(SIP)andPort800020000forvoicedatadeliveryusingRealTimeProtocol(RTP).Butifyou'renotsurewhattodo,youcansimplyaskyournetwork
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administratortodowhatistoldhere.
Figure 2.21: Just like other VoIP Providers, VoIP Rakyat provides its users with some numbers with which the users can use for testing their VoIP quality
GotoVoIPRakyat'sServiceNumberpage,http://voiprakyat.or.id/services/.ThispageprovidesyouwithsomenumbersthatcanbeusedtotestyourVoIPconnectionandtheirfunctions.Someofthemare:
901whichindicatesthetimeJakarta'stimeandnearbycountries.902noise903echotest
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Figure 2.22: Through VoIP Rakyat's Phonebook, you can see who's online
Intestingthisconnectivity,whatuserswilloftendoistocallanyonefoundonlineinhttp://www.voiprakyat.or.id/?inc=online_phones.Sodon'tbesurprisedifsomeonedialsyournumber.Dependingonwheretheusersare,thecallcomesfromavarietyofcountries,includingtheU.S.
ThereareofcourseotherVoIPphonenumberswhichyoucanusetotestyourVoIPconnection.Theseareprovidedinalonglistavailableinhttp://www.voipinfo.org/wiki/view/Phone+Numbers.IfyouwanttocallusingSIPaddressformat([email protected]),thefollowingisatableofsomenumbersyoumayuse:
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Function SIP Provider SIP Enum
Autoattendant BC Wireless (http://www.bcwireless.net/moin.cgi/NetworkServices/VoiceServices/PublicConferenceRoom).
1 604 484 5289 x8600 through E164.org
Enum2go (http://enum2go.com/) [email protected]
Echo Test N3 Network Lab. (http://www.n3network.ch/)
Echo test sip: [email protected]
sip: [email protected] (no G.729)
Mouselike.org (UK) (http://www.mouselike.org/)
[email protected] +441483604781
VoipTalk UK (http://www.voiptalk.org/)
Reread Called ID
Welcome Line
Ewing IT [email protected]
Xmission (http://xmission.com/transmission)
[email protected] (tidak ada G.729)
UCLA (http://internet2.edu/sip.edu) [email protected] (tidak ada G.729)
TELL [email protected]
U. Philippines [email protected]
Personal Telco (http://wiki.personaltelco.net/moin.cgi/
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SipPhoneDirectory)Patton Electronics (http://www.patton.com/support)
[email protected] (tidak ada G.729)
Party Line [email protected] (VoIP conference setiap sabtu jam 20:00 GMT)
Ingate (http://www.ingate.com/trysip.php)
MIT (http://sipphone.com/numbers) [email protected]
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CHAPTER 3: VoIP Hardware for experienced Users
Onceyouareexperiencedinusingsoftphone,youmaystartwonderingwhetherthereisaneasierwaytocommunicatethroughVoIP,asusingsoftphoneviaacomputerisnotpracticalyouneedtoturnonyourcomputereachtimeyouwanttocommunicatethroughVoIPorkeepyourcomputerrunningforalongdurationjusttoreceiveincomingcall.Thismaynotbeprudentatall,sincethepurposeofusingVoIPistominimizeyourcost.Besideswastingelectricalenergy,thecomputerinwhichthesoftphoneisrunningcouldcrash.
SoinsteadofusingacomputertocommunicatethroughVoIP,youcoulduseVoIPhardware,equipmentsthatenableyoutocommunicatethroughVoIPefficientlyandaseasyasyouuseyourconventionalphone.
CalledInternetTelephoneappliance,thesehardwaretypicallyhavethefollowingcharacteristics:
itisphysicallysimple,withitsdimensionslightlybiggerthanthesizeofacigarettebox. Thereareportsforconnectingtothenetworkorcomputer,suchasLAN/UTP,USBorwireless
at2.4GHzfrequency. ThereisoneportormoreforconnectingtotelephoneswithRJ11port. Itcanbeconfiguredthroughtheweb.
However,VoIPhardwareisnotfree,asyoustillhavetospendsomemoneyforbuyingtheequipment.ForaboutUS$100,youcangetasetofdecentVoIPhardwareproducedfromChinaorTaiwan.Butdespitethiscost,VoIPhardwarearehighlyrecommended,asyoumayfindthebenefitsthehardwarebringoutweighthecostyouhavetocover,intermsofeaseofuseandenergyefficiency.
ThisChapterwillexplainseveralhardwareavailableinthemarketandhowtoconfigurethem:IPPhone,InternetTelephoneGatewayorbetterknownasAnalogTelephoneAdapter(ATA),andWirelessIPPhone.TheywayyouconfigureVoIPhardwareisnotmuchdifferentfromwhatyoudowithsoftphone.BasicallyallyouhavetoconfigurearetheIPsettings(IPaddress,subnetmask,andgateway)andregistrationtoSIPserverorproxyserver(Usernameortelephonenumber,passwordandhostnameserver).Often,IPsettingsisconfiguredautomaticallyusingDHCPserveroperatinginanetwork,soyoudon'thavetosettheIPaddress,subnetmaskandgateway.
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Linksys PAP-2 Analog Telephone Adapter
ThesimplesttypeofVoIPhardwareistheAnalogTelephoneAdapter(ATA),whichcaneasilybeconnectedtoaconventionaltelephone.TheATAusedasanexampleinthisbookistheLinksysPAP2,whichhastwoRJ11ports(FXSports)thatcanbeconnectedtotwoconventionalphones.EachoftheseportscanberegisteredtoaSIPProxyserverindividually.Asaresult,wecouldhavetwoSIPaccounts,eachconnectedtoaconventionalphone.
WhatwehavetounderstandisthatanATAhastwotypeofRJ11connections,namely,
FXOtobeconnectedtoPSTN/Telcoline/PABXextension. FXStobeconnectedtoTelephoneline/FAX.
AfterallUTP,LAN,powerandtelephonecablesarepluggedin,youhavetofirstofallfindouttheIPaddressoftheLinksysPAP2sowewillbeabletoconfigureusingtheweb,bycarryingoutthefollowingsteps:
Press*repeatedlyonthephonekeypaduntilyouhearsomeonetalkingthroughyourphone. Press110#tolistentotheIPaddressfortheLinksysPAP2configuration.
ThenextstepistoconfigureyourPCsothatyoucanconfigureLinksysPAP2throughtheweb.AllyouhavetodoismatchthefamilyIPaddresstoPAP2's,bydoingthefollowing:GotoStart,OpenControlPanel,Networkconnections,localAreaConnection,InternetProtocol(TCP/IP)andProperties.ThengotoWebLinksysPAP2fromyourPCthroughthisaddresshttp://ipaddresspap2/.
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Figure3.1:WithATA,youcanuseyourPSTNphoneforVoIPcommunication
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Figure3.2:TheinitialmenuthatwillappearisthestatusofLinksysPAP2
ClickAdminLogin,whichisonthetoprighttobegintheconfigurationasanadministrator.
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Figure3.3:YoucandeterminewhetheryouwanttousedynamicorstaticIPaddress
TovieworchangetheIPaddressconfiguration,clickSystem.CheckwhethertheIPaddress,GatewayandDNSputinplacearecorrect.Alternatively,setDHCPtoyessoLinksysPAP2willusetheIPaddressthatisobtainedautomatically.
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Figure3.4:Eachline(line1and2)hasitsownsettingsintheadministrationpanel
InLinksysPAP2wecansetuptwoSIPaccountsregisteredwiththeSIPProxy,witheachaccountconnectedtoaphone.Theaccountsettingscanbedoneinmenu"Line1"and"Line2".
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Figure3.4:Line2taboftheadministrationpanel
Fewimportantstepstodoinactivatinganaccountinbothmenus:
SetLineEnabletoyes. Fillinyouraccountusingthefollowingparameters:
Proxy voiprakyat.or.idUserID telephonenumbergivenbyVoipRakyatPassword thepasswordgivenbyvoiprakyatUseAuthID no
IfyousetAuthIDtoyes,thenfillinAuthIDwiththetelephonenumbergivenbyVoIPRakyat.DothesameprocessforyourotherSIPaccount,theoneregisteredwithPAP2Line2.Actuallytherearemany
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otherparametersthatcanbeconfigured,butforanormaloperation,itisnotnecessarytoconfigurethem.Soitissufficientforustousethedefaultconfigurationvalues.
Linksys IP Phone SPA 941
UsingIPPhonemightbemoreattractivetomostuswhowanttouseVoIP,ascomparedtousingSoftphone,IPPhoneismuchsimplertouse.Itisphysicallysimilartoaconventionalphone,butunlikeconventionalphone,IPPhoneisdesignedtouseforVoIP,sothereisnoRJ11portliketheoneavailableinconventionalphones.
Figure3.5:AnIPPhoneFigure3.6:IPPhonetypicallyhastwoRJ45ports
WhatIPPhonehasinsteadistheRJ45portforitsLANconnection(ethernetsocket).AsyoucanseeatthebackofIPPhone(showninfigure3.6),bothportsareofRJ45,onetobeconnectedtoaLANwhileanothertothecomputer.Thisallowsustousethephonewhileusingthecomputerfortheinternet.Howeverkeepinmindthatyourbandwidthmaynotbesufficientforboth.SoonlyusebothatthesametimewhenyouthinkyouhaveenoughbandwidthtoensurethequalityofyourVoIPcommunicationremainsgood.AnIPPhonecanusuallybeconfiguredthroughtheweb.
ThereareabundanttypesofIPPhoneinthemarket.Youcanfindthematthefollowinglink:http://www.voipinfo.org/wiki/view/VOIP+Phones.
ThesortofIPPhoneweuseasanexampleisSPA941.ToobtainitsIPaddress,wehavetodothefollowing:
ClickMenu(illustratedaspapericonbelowthemailbutton) Clickthecursorsoitwillprovideadropdownmenu Findnetwork
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ThereyouwillfindtheIPaddressofSPA941.
NextyouhavetoconfigureyourPCsothatyouwillbeabletoconfigureLinksysSPA941throughtheweb.GotoPC,matchtheIPaddresstothatofSPA941bychoosingStart,ControlPanel,Networkconnections,LocalAreaconnection,InternetProtocol(TCP/IP)andProperties.
Figure3.7:ThefirstappearanceyouwillseeisthestatusofLinksysSPA941.
GotoLinksysSPA941webthroughhttp://ipadressspa941.
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Figure3.8:Choosewhichinternetconnectiontypeyouwanttohave
Inthesystemmenu,wecanconfigureourIPaddress,netmask,gatewayandDNSofSPA941.IfyouwishtohavetheIPAddressbedetectedautomaticallyusingtheinformationobtainedfromDHCPserver,youcanjustsetDHCPtoyes.
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Figure3.9:ByclickingonExt2tab,youcansetsomeimportantparametersofExt2line.
BylogginginasAdmin,wewillseethatSPA941hastwoexternallines:Ext1andExt2.EachofthemcanbeconfiguredsoastoberegisteredtodifferentSIPproxy.
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Figure3.10:ByclickingonExt1tab,youcansetsomeimportantparametersofExt1line
TherearetwostepsneededtoactivateanaccountatmenuExt1orExt2:
SetLineEnabletoyes. Fillinthethefollowingparameterswiththeinformationpertainingtoyouraccount:
Proxy voiprakyat.or.idUserID thetelephonenumbergivenbyVoIPRakyatPassword thepasswordgivenbyVoIPRakyatUseAuthID no
IfUseAuthIDissettoyes,thenfilltheinAuthIDwiththetelephonenumbergivenbyVoIPRakyat.DothesamefortheotherSIPaccountyouwanttoregistertoExt2ofLinksysSPA941.
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Figure3.11:Thephonetabofadministrationpanel
InLinksysSPA941,wearegiventhefacilitytoopenaspecificExtbyusingtheLineKeybuttonontherightside.FourLineKeybuttonsareavailable.OnemayprogramthesefourbuttonstwoforeachExtLine.Todotheprogramming,youhavetobeanadmin,bycarryingoutthefollowingsteps:chooseanextension(either1or2)foreachLineKeyandshownumberandfillinitwiththenumberorUserIDgivenbytheSIPProvider.
WiFi IPPhone
WiFiPhonescanbeusedforinternettelephonyconnectedtoIPPBXviaWiFiorHotSpot.Inotherwords,thephonecanbeusedasanextensionofaPABXoraphonewhichisconnectedtoahotspot.SomeoftheseWiFiPhonemayhavedualfunctionsGSMmodeandVoIPitallowsthepossibilityofreceivingaGSMcallorVoIPcallthroughWiFimodeasanextensiontoanIPPBX.
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OperatingWiFiPhoneisnotdifficult.AllyouhavetodoareconfigureyourSIPaccountbyenteringthenameoftheserver,telephonenumberandpassword;searchinganyavailableWiFiaccesspoint;andconnecttoaWiFiAccessPointandgetanIPaddress.
NowthatyouunderstandwhatWiFiPhoneisandhowtooperatethem,wewillprovidesomeexampleonhowtoconfigureandoperateWiFiPhones.
LinksysWirelessGIPPhone
LinksyslaunchedaWirelessGIPPhoneadedicatedWiFiPhone.ItisnotaPDAnorordinarycellphone(Seefigure3.12).IfyouhavetheWiFiPhoneproperlyconfigured,connectedtotheWirelessAccessPointandregisteredtoaVoIPSoftswitch,thenwhatshouldappearonthescreenofthephoneisthenameoftheaccesspointandthetelephonenumberofthephone.Underthiscircumstance,theWiFiPhoneisreadytobeusedforcalling.
InLinksysWiFiPhonemainmenu,thereareatleasttwo(2)thingsyouhavetoconfiguresothatyourphonewillfunctionwell.Firstly,thewirelesssettings,bywhichwecanscananyaccesspointwirelessfrequencyandconnectourphonetotheaccesspointsowecanbeconnectedtotheinternet.Secondtly,thePhoneSettings,allowsustoconfiguretheSIPserverthatweusetocall.Forthelatter,youneedtofillintheinformationpertainingtophonenumbers,passwordsandtheserversused.SinceweareusingVoIPRakyatasanexample,theinformationshouldbethoseofVoIPRakyat.
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Figure 3.12: Wireless-G IP Phone
Figure 3.13: WiFi Phone can be used for VoIP call when it is properly configured
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ConfiguringtheWiFiPhoneusingmenushowninthefigure3.14iseasy,butsincethereisnosoftwarethatcouldhelpuscapturethescreensforconfiguringthephone,weusethewebconfigurationinsteadforthepurposeofhelpingyouunderstandhowtoconfiguretheWiFiPhone.Thesameresultshouldotherwisebesimilartothatofdirectphoneconfiguration.IncontrasttoWiFiPhonethatiscombinedwithPDAorGSM,LinksysWiFiPhonecanbeconfiguredusingtheweb,inadditiontofeatureallowingyoutodirectlymakeconfigurationusingthemenuavailableinthephonescreen.
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Figure3.14:Throughthephonemenu,youcanmakedirectconfigurationinordertomakeyourphoneVoIPenabled
Figure3.15:Entertheusernameandpasswordtologintheadministrationpanelsothatyoucanconfigurethephone
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Thewebwillappearaswhatisshownasfigure3.15.Itisthedisplaypromptingyoutoenteryourusernameandthepasswordrequiredtoauthenticateyouraccount.Thedefaultfortheusernameandpasswordisadminandadminrespectively.
Figure3.16:ThroughtheNetworkTaboftheadministrationpanel,youcansethowyouwillobtainyourIPaddress
Onceyouhaveenteredtheusernameandpassword,youwillbebroughttotheadministrationpanelwherebyyoucanconfiguretheIPaddress.Normally,inahotspotthatprovidesanyuserconnectingtoitwithfreeIPaddress,wejustneedtosettheconfigurationtoAutomaticConfigurationDHCP.InthecasewheretheIPaddressisnotprovidedautomaticallybythehotspot,youhavetomanuallyentertheinformationpertainingtotheIPaddress,subnetmask,gateway,primaryandsecondaryDNS.TheMACaddressoftheWiFiPhoneappearsbydefault.Onceyouhavefinishedenteringtheseinformation,clickSaveSettingstosavethemintothememory.
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Figure3.17:ByclickingonthePhonebookmenu,youcanAddnewphonenumbersordeleteexistingones
InthePhonebookmenu,wecanaddnewnumbersordeletetheonesalreadylistedthere.Wecanalsoincludemultiplenumbersforeachperson.
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Figure3.18:SIPSettings
IntheSIPSettingstab,wecanconfiguretheIPaddressoftheSIPProxy,SIPPort(usually5060),theIPaddressoftheSIPRegistrar(usuallythesameasthatofSIPProxy),RegistrarPort(alsousually5060),andSIPaccountnumberconsistingoftelephonenumberandthepasswordrelated.AsforVoIPRakyatSIPinformation,fillintheSIPProxyandSIPRegistrarwithvoiprakyat.or.id.
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Figure3.19:TheNATSettings
IntheNATSettingsmenu,youcanconfiguretheProxyaddressandProxyPort.TheProxyaddressforVoIPRakyatisvoiprakyat.or.id.AndtheProxyPortnormallyusedis5060.
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Figure3.20:TheSIPSDPSettingstab
InSIPSDPSettingstab,wecanconfigureseveralthingsrelatedtothetypeofCodec,packettime,DTMFRelay,UDPPortandRTPPort.Theseparametersaregoodbydefault,sojustleavethemasis.
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Figure3.21:Byclickingonthewirelesstaboftheadministrationpanel,youcanfindouttowhichhotspotthephoneisconnected
IntheWirelesssectionwecanseetowhichAccessPointtheWiFiPhoneisconnected.
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Figure3.22:ByclickingontheAdministrationtaboftheadministrationpanel,youcanchangeyourpassword
Inadministrationsection,wecansettheadministrator'susernameandrelatedpasswordfortheWiFiPhone.Thedefaultconfigurationforusernameandpasswordarebothadmin.
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HewlettPackardIpaq6395
PersonalDigitalAssistance(PDA)whichusesPocketPC(PPC)operatingsystem,suchasIpaq6395orotherkindofIpaqhavingWiFicapability,canbeusedforVoIPcommunication.OneofthesoftwarethatcanbeusedforthisPDAisSJPhonePPC,whichcanbedownloadedfromhttp://www.sjlabs.com/sjp.html.Alsoavailableinthissitearethemanualsnecessaryforoperatingthesoftphone.SJPhoneinstallationcanbedoneinthefollowingsteps:connectIpaqtoPCthroughtheprovidedUSBcableandrunthesoftwareonPC,andSJPhonePPCwillbeautomaticallyinstalledinIpaq.
ActivatingIpaq6395'sWirelessCapability
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Figure3.23:HewlettPackardIpaq6395
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InordertoaccessinternettelephonyusingPDAIpaq,weneedtoactivatethewirelessconnectivityfeatureavailableinIpaq.ThroughIpaqWirelessmenu,presstheWiFibuttonsothewirelessconnectivitybecomesactive.
Ifallgoeswell,thecoloroftheWiFibuttonwillturngreen,asignwhichindicatesthatthedeviceisproperlyconnectedtothewirelessnetwork.
IfyouwanttomakefurtherconfigurationonhowyouusetheWiFiaccess,clicktheSettingsIcon,whichwillbringyoutoamenushowingvariousaccesspointsmonitoredbyIpaq6395.Choosetheaccesspointtowhichyouwanttobeconnected.
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Figure3.24:ThroughiPAQWirelessSettings,youcanenablethephone'sWiFifeature
Figure3.25:ThegreenWiFiiconindicatesthatyou'reconnectedtoawirelessnetwork
Figure3.26:ByclickingtheSettingsiconnexttotheWiFiicon,youcanseetowhichnetworkyourphoneisconnected
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RunningSJPhone
SJPhoneSoftwarecanbefoundasaprogramofPocketPC.Torunit,simplypressthebutton.NotethatthetechniqueforoperatingSJPhonethroughPocketPCisnotsodifferentfromthatwhichrunsinonPC.
IftheSIPaccounthasbeenproperlyconfiguredinSJPhone,whatwillbeaskedfirstwhenyouactivateSJPhoneistheaccountnumberandpasswordrequiredtoaccesssuchSIPaccount.SJPhonewillappearlikewhatisshowninFigure3.29,withitsdialingkeypadandallthebuttonsneededfordialingupandhangingup.
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Figure3.27:InordertorunSJPhone,taptheicon
Figure3.29:TheappearanceofSJPhonedialingconsole
Figure3.28:Enteryouraccountnumberandtherequiredpasswordinordertoinitializetheprofile
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Tapthemenubutton.Inmenu,wecanentertheinformationpertainingtotheuser,whichincludesname,emailaddress,locationandevenanypicturewewanttouseasourimage.
Tapthecalloptiontab.Throughthistab,youcanconfiguresomethingslike:
whetherwewanttoautomaticallyreceiveallincomingcalls.ThismenuisinfactveryusefulforthesortofIpaqwithsmallscreenthatmakesusdifficulttoreceiveVoIPcallsmanually.
Whetherwewanttobeleftundisturbed,ignoringallincomingcalls. TheIPaddressusedforoutgoingcalls. LimitingtheCallerIDinuse.
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Figure3.30:ThroughtheuserinformationtabofSJPhonemenu,wecanenterourname,emailandlocation.Wecanevenincludecommentsandourimage
Figure3.31:Settingsofincomingandoutgoingcalls,andNATMappingrefresh
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Ingeneral,theseparametersdonotneedtobechanged,possiblyexceptfortheAutomaticallyAcceptIncomingCallstocompensateforthesmallPDAscreen.
Intheprofiledialog,wecanmakedetailconfigurationforeachaccount.Basically,aprofiledefinesanaccount.,whichcanbeeitheraSIPaccountorH.323account.ThelatterisatechnologyonceusedbymanyVoIPproviders.TheformerisatechnologyusedinVoIPRakyat.Thereareseveraloptionsavailableintheprofilemenu:
Newtocreatenewprofile Edittoeditexistingprofile Deletetodeleteexistingprofile Usetouseexistingprofile Initializetoinitializeaprofile Renametochangethenameofexistingprofile
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Figure3.32:Undertheprofilestab,youcaneithermakenewprofile;edit,use,initialize,renameordeleteexistingprofile
Figure3.33:Enterthenameoftheprofile,thetypeofinterfaceituses,andthenameoftheprofilefile
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Wheneditingaprofileforthefirsttime,wewillbebroughttothegeneraltaboftheprofile.Herewecandefinethenameoftheprofile,thetypeandnameoftheprofilefile.ForVoIPRakyat,theinterfacetypeweuseisSIPProxy.
Ininitializationtab,wecansettheuserdatainitializationprocess,includingphonenumber/account,passwordandCallerID,whetheruserswillbeinquired,thedatapertainingtotheseparametersneedtobesavedorrequired.Itisrecommendedthatyouusethedefaultsetting,leavingthethesettingsasis.
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Figure3.35:InordertoenableSIPProxy,entertherequiredinformationintheSIPProxytab
Figure3.34Throughtheinitializationtab,configurewhatneedstobeinquired,savedorrequired
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Ofallmenusrequiredforconfiguringaprofile,SIPProxyisperhapsthemostimportant.TheinformationenteredtherewilldeterminewhethertheSIPsoftphonecanactuallybeusedornot.Theinformationyouhavetoenterareasthefollowing:
ProxyDomainisyourSIPProxyserver.ForVoIPRakyat,theproxydomainisvoiprakyat.or.id. TheProxyDomainPortisusually5060. UserDomainforVoIPRakyatisvoiprakyat.or.id. ClickRegisterwithproxy
InAdvancedtab,wecanconfiguremoresophisticatedfeaturessuchasvoicemailnumber,removingfancycharactersfromphonenumbers,acceptredirectionrepliesetc.However,tooperateSJPhoneinastandardmode,wedon'thavetochangetheseparameters.
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Figure3.37:SettingsofDTMFtab
Figure3.36:AdditionalsettingsavailableintheAdvancedtab
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InDialToneMultiFrequency(DTMF),wecanchooseseveralthingsrelatedtoDTMF:
DTMFissentasvoiceortextdatausingRFC2833. Thedurationofthetone.Thedefaultvalueusedis270ms. TypeofRealTimeProtocolusedinRFC2833is101. ThedefaultDTMFsignalvolumeis10dBm0 Thepausedurationduringwhichthesignalissentininbandmode.Thedefaultvalueis100
ms.
TheSTUNtaballowsustodeterminewhichserverwillbeusedtohelpSIPfindtheIPaddressweuse.ThedefaultSTUNserverusedisstun.softjoys.com,withport3478.SoifyouwanttoapplySTUNtoVoIPRakyat,youcanuseUDPPort3478and3479.
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Figure3.39:TheappearanceoftheconsoleshowingsuccessfulSIPregistration
Figure3.38:STUNSettings
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Ifitissuccessfullyregistered,thenthedisplayofthescreenwillsaySIP:registeredasnumber@serverSIP,withthehostnamealsoshownonthescreen.Underthiscircumstance,SJPhoneisreadytobeused.WecanplaceacallthewayweusearegularcellphonewithaPDA.
SJPhoneFeatures
ThereareseveralfeaturesprovidedbySJPhonetohelpusersinusingthephone,oneofthemisthephonebookicon(looklikeanopenbook),whichislocatedatclosetothebottomofthescreen.Throughthisoption,wecanenterthenamesandnumberofourfriends.
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Figure3.40:Tapthephonebookiconinordertosavecontactnumbersandcallthem
Figure3.41:Thephonebookisstillempty,withtheAddicontheonlyavailableoptioninthephonebooktab
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Toaddacontact,simplytapAdd,whichisavailableinPhonebooktab.
Withtherespondentdialogpropertiesopen,weneedtoenterthename,nickname(optional),emailandphonenumber.Youcanalsocommentontheuser,perhapsjustincaseyouwillforgetwhothispersonis.
UsingSJPhonetoplacecallthroughIpaq6395
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Figure3.42:Entertheinformationpertainingtoacontact
Figure3.43:Dialsomenumbersinordertoplaceacall
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ToplaceacallusingSJPhoneinIpaq6395isnotdifficult.Allwehavetodoistoenterthedestinationphonenumberandpressthedialkeylocatedonthetopright.Ifthecallisconnected,amessagesayingso,thedurationtimeoftheconversationandthecodecinusewillappearonthescreen.
OutgoingCallStatisticcanbeviewedbytappingonthephoneiconwithatriangulararrowpointingdownward.
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Figure3.44:Acallissuccessfullyconnected
Figure3.45:Bytappingontheoutgoingcallicon,youcanseethelistofthenumbersyouhavecalledandthedurationoftheconversation
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Incomingcallstatisticscanbeaccessedonthetabavailableatthebottomofthescreen,withthetabappearingasaphonewithatriangulararrowpointingtowardthephone.
MissedCallstatisticscanbeviewedonthemenuavailableatthebottomofthescreen,withtheiconappearingasaphonewithastopsignbelowit.
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Figure3.46:Bytappingontheincomingcallicon,youcanseethelistofthenumbersdialingyournumberandthedurationoftheconversation
Figure3.47:Bytappingonthemissedcallicon,youcanseethelistofmissedcalls
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NokiaAspartofcellularmajorindustry,Nokiaseemstohaverecognizedthatinternettelephonywillbeinstrumentalinthefuture.AssuchNokiamakesitpossibleforSymbianoperatingsystemtooperateinNokiahandphone,providingcustomerswithacellularthatcanbereadilyusedforinternettelephony.Intheexample,wewilluseseveralNokiahandphone,suchas,NokiaE61,NokiaE71andNokiaN80.TheformerismoreofPDAtypecellularphonewhilethelatterissmallintermsofdimension.NokiaE61,NokiaE71andNokiaN80areWiFiPhone.
TheWiFiphoneconfigurationforallNokiaissomewhatsimilar,withminordifferencesintermsofmenuappearance.Sogenerally,thosewhoareusedtoSymbianshouldnotencountersignificantchallengesinturningtothesephones.
Figure3.48:NokiaN80
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NokiaWirelessConfiguration
Nokia'sconsoledisplaylookslikewhatisshowninFigure3.51.TherearethingstobeconfiguredsothatNokiacanbeconnectedtobothWiFiandVoIP:
EnableWiFiandcreateaprofileofanaccesspointthatcanbeaccessed. CreateSIPaccount. CreateaProfilefrominternettelephonyfacility.
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Figure3.49:NokiaE61
Figure3.50:
Nokia'sconsole
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Clicktheglobeicontoopenthemenu.
Withthemenuopen,selecttools.Throughthisoption,wecanconfigureWiFi,SIP,internetphoneandothersettings.
WiththeToolsiconselected,selectSettingsinordertoaccessconnectionmenuallowingustoconfigureWiFi,InternetTelephoneandSIPsettings.
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Figure3.51:Byclickingthemenuicon,wecanselectavarietyofoptions.
Figure3.52:TherearemanyoptionsavailableinToolsmenu.
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InSettings,thereareseveraloptionswecanchoose:Phone,Call,Connection,DateandTimeandSecurity.ToconfigureWiFiAccessPoint,SIPSettings,andinternettelephony,weneedtoconfigureusingtheConnectionsubmenu.
IntheConnectionmenuthereareafewmoreoptions.Weneedtoconfigureonlythreeofthem:AccessPoints,SIPSettingsandInternetTelephonySettings.SelectAccesspoints.
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Figure3.53:UndermenuSettings,configuretheConnection
Figure3.54:OptionsavailableunderConnection
Figure3.57:Thereisnoaccesspointyetshownonthescreen
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WiththeAccesspointmenuopen,wecanaddAccessPoint,byselectingtheOptionsmenulocatedatthebottomleftfthedisplay.
ThereareseveraloptionsavailableintheAccessPointsmenu:Edit,NewAccessPoint,Help,DeleteandExit.ToaddanewAccessPoint,selectNewAccessPoint,whichwillbringtwomoreoptions:UsedefaultsettingsandUseexistingsettings.Assumingthatthisisthefirsttimeyou'reusingthephone,selectUsedefaultsettings.
ForcreatinganAccessPointprofile,weneedtosettheConnectionname,typeofconnection(Databearer),andthenameofWLANnetwork.Fordatabearer,chooseWirelessLAN.
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Figure3.58:Youcaneithermakenewaccesspointoreditordeleteexistingaccesspoints.
Figure3.59:Creatinganaccesspointprofile
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Ifyouknowthenameofthenetwork,enteritmanually,byselectingEntermanually.Otherwise,letthephonefindanyavailablenetwork,byselectingSearchfornetwork.
SIPServerandAccountConfigurationinNokiaE61
ThroughSIPSettings,wecanconfigureSIPaccountsthatwillbeusedforcalling.ThesettingsisdonethroughOptionsmenuinSIPSetting.
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Figure3.60:Youcaneitherenterthenetworkinformationyoualreadyknoworsearchforanynetworksreachedbyyourcellular
Figure3.61:YoucandotheconfigurationofSIPserverandaccountbyselectingOptions
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TherearesomeparametersofSIPSettingsthatneedtobeconfiguredcorrectly: CreateanameforProfilename. ChooseIETFforServiceProfile. FillDefaultAccessPointwithinformationofAccessPointprofileweusetoconnecttothe
internetnetworkthroughWiFi. MakesurethatyoufillPublicusernameparameterwiththeproperformatofSIPnumberyou
use.Forexample,[email protected]@192.168.0.2.Theprefixsipwillbeaddedautomaticallyincasethatyouforgettoincludeit.
Nextweneedtosetthefollowingparameters: SetUsecompressionparametertoNo. SetRegistrationparemetertoWhenneededsothatNokiawillpromptuswhetherwewantto
connecttoaSIPsoftswitcheachtimewewilluseSIPPhone. SetUseSecurityparametertoNo.
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Figure3.62:SettingsDemovoipProfile.
Figure3.63:SIPProfileinSIPSettingsinNokiaE61
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ThroughtheProxyServerAddressmenu,weneedtoconfigurethefollowing: ProxyServerAddress. Realmforsomereason,itisbesttofillthisparameterwithatelephonenumbersimilartoour
username.InAsteriskIPPBX,thedefaultrealmisasterisk. UsernametelephonenumberorSIPusername. Passwordleavethisblank. SetallowlooseroutingtoYes. FillinTransportTypewithUDP. FillinPortwith5060.
InRegistrarServer,weneedtoconfigurethefollowingparameters: FillinRegistrarServerAddresswithhostnameorIPaddressofourSIPserver.ForVoIP
Rakyat,entervoiprakyat.or.id. FillinRealmwiththetelephonenumberorusername. FillinUsernamewithSIPtelephonenumber. Leavepasswordblank
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Figure3.64:Proxyserversettings
Figure3.65:Regist.serversettings
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InternetTelephoneConfigurationinNokia
InInternetTelephonySettings,wecancreateaprofileofInternettelephonyfacilitythatwillbeusedusingNokia.Tosettheprofile,selectOptionsoftheInternetTelephonySettings.
InInternetTelephonyProfileSettings,weneedtoincludeonlytheprofilenameandSIPprofilethatwillbeusedforInternettelephony.Becarefulwhenyou'redoingso.Makesurethattheprofileselectedistobeusedasadefaultprofile,otherwiseourcallwillberejectedwhenweattempttodialusingourcellulartotheVoIPnumber.AllthisordealisunnecessaryifwehavejustoneSIPaccount.
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Figure3.66:InternetTelephonysettings
Figure3.67:Makesuretheprofilechosenistobeusedasadefaultprofile
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TheSIPProfileselectionwillbecarriedoutmanuallybyselectingavarietyofSIPProfileswehavecreatedthroughSIPSettings.
RegisteringtoVoIPSoftswitch
ForestablishingconnectiontoVoIP,selectInternettel.(shownasaglobeiconwithyellowphone).ThisisassumingthatyouhaveproperlyconfiguredInternetTelephonysettings.UnlikeNokiaE61,NokiaN80connectstoVoIPthroughoptionavailableinafolderlabeledInternet.GointothefolderandchooseInternetTelephone.
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Figure3.68:Selectingaprofile
Figure3.69:ConnectivitySettings
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InInternettelephony(shownasInternettel.),wewillbeprovidedwithtwoparameters: PreferredProfile,thenameofInternetTelephonyProfileweuse. RegistrationStatus,theregistrationstatusofSIPaccountwesetinSIPSettings.
IfwechooseWhenneededintheRegistrationparameterinSIPSettings,thestatusofinitialconditionofinternettelephonysetting,whenInternettelephonyisactive,isNotregistered.
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Figure3.70:Internettelephonysettings
Figure3.71:Internettelephonysettings
Figure3.72:EnableWLANconnectioninofflinemodesoNokiaE61canbeconnectedtoaWiFinetwork
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IfweattempttochangethestatusfromNotRegisteredtoRegistered,whatNokiawillfirstlytrytoestablishconnectiontotheAccessPointwhichwehaveconfiguredinSIPSettings.WhenNokiaaskswhetheryouwanttocreateWLANconnectioninofflinemode,selectYes.ThisselectionwillconnectNokiaE61toaWiFinetwork.
Offlinemodecansomewhatbeproblematic,becauseifweareinofflinemode,itmeansthatalthoughweareregisteredwiththeSIPserver,peoplearestillunabletocontactus.TomakesurethatwecanbecontactedviaGSM,weneedtoactivateNokiasoitbecomesonlinemode.OnlinemodewillbepossibleonlyifweareusingSIMcardinthephoneandareconnectedtoacellularnetwork.Inonlinemode,otheruserswillbeabletocontactusthroughbothVoIPorGSM.
OnceconnectedtoaWiFinetwork,wehavetowaitforawhiletoletNokiaregisteritselfwiththeSoftswitch.
Ifregistrationwiththeinternettelephoneiscompleted,thereshouldbeanotificationsayingso,asshowninfigure3.73.SuchnotificationindicatesNokiacannowbeusedforinternettelephony.
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Figure3.73:Aregistrationattemptinprogress
Figure3.74:Theregistrationiscompleted
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CallingusingInternetTelephoneinNokiaE61
PlacingacallusinginternettelephoneinNokiaissimilartohowwecallusingotherphone:Wejustneedtotypethephonenumbertowhichwewantdial.
ThenNokiawillaskwhetherthecallisofVoicecall(GSM),videocallorinternetcall.SelectInternetCalltoplaceacallusinginternettelephony.IfwechooseVoicecall,thenthemodeofcommunicationusedtoconnectourcallisofGSM.
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Figure3.75:InitialdisplayofNokiaE61
Figure3.76:Oncethenumberisdialed,weneedtochoosethetypeofcall.
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Whenthecallisestablished,wewillgetanotificationonthescreenthatourtelephonenumberisconnectedtothedestinationnumber.
]
Todisconnectacall,simplyselectEndactivecall.
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Figure3.77:Thephoneiconwithasmallglobenexttoitindicatesthatthecallisestablished
Figure3.78:Youcaneithermutethesound,activatehandset,endactivecall,holdthecall,makethecallopenactivestandbyandplacenewcall
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VoIP in ADSL Modem
EvenwhenVoIPiswidelyusednowadays,thereareonlyfewADSLmodemswithbuiltinVoIPequipment.OneofthemisLinksysWAG54GP2,asmallmodemthathastwoVoIPequipments.Configurationcanbedoneentirelyusingtheweb,makingitveryconvenientforbothusersandsystemadministrators.
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Figure3.79:anADSLmodem
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ADSLModemConfiguration
Figure3.80:TheBasicSetupsubtabundertheSetupTabofthemodemadministrationpanel
Afterenteringtheadministratorpasswordandusername(defaultisadminforboth),wewillbedirectedtothesetuppageofWAG54GP2LinksysADSLModem.Throughthispageyoucanconfigureseveralthingssuchas:
ConfiguringtheconnectiontotheInternet,typeofmodulationused,encapsulation,multiplexingtechniquesused,VCIandVPIvalueoftheADSLconnection.
ConfiguringPPP,usernameandpassword DNSProxyServer
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Figure3.81:Thestatustabofthemodemadministrationpanel
Thesetuppagealsoprovidesinformationongateway,connectivityconnectivityconditioninPVCstatus,andinternetconnectivityconditionincludingtheIPaddress,Subnetmask,Defaultgateway,DNSandfacilityusedtoconnectordisconnectaconnectivity.
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Figure3.82:TheWirelesstaboftheadministrationpanel
InadditionwecanalsoconfigureavarietyoffacilitiesavailableinLinksysWAG54GP2ADSLRouterthroughtheweb:
Wireless Security AccessRestrictions Application&Gaming Administrator
Eachofthesehassubmenu,whichwewillnotexplainanyfurther,aswewillfocusmoreontheVoIPfeatureofthemodem.
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VoIPConfigurationinLinksysWAG54GP2
Figure3.83:TheSystemtabofthemodemadministrationpanel
ThemenuforconfiguringVoIPonWAG54GP2canbefoundinitsVoicemenu.Ingeneral,howtoconfigurethedeviceisnotdifferentfromtheconfigurationotherLinksysequipments,withthefollowingsteps:
Usermodeisprimarilyusedtoviewanyexistingconfiguration. Adminmodeismainlyusedtochangetheconfiguration.
InordertosettheSIPaccount,weneedtochangethebasicviewtoadvancedviewintheAdminmode.
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TheinformationrequiredtosettheSIPaccountareasfollows:
Username/telephonenumber. Password. SIPServeraddress.
Figure3.84:TheInfotabofthemodemadministrationpanel
ItisrecommendedthatyoulookintotheInfosubmenuavailableinVoicemenu.WhatyouhavetolookinparticularistheLinestatus,specificallytheregistrationstateparameter.Onceeverythingisproperlyconfigured,ensurethatwhatisstatedintheRegistrationStateisRegistered.
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Figure3.85:TheSystemtabofthemodemadministrationpanel
SystemconfigurationuseswebfromVoIPLinksysWAG54GP2throughaspecificport,with1880asitsdefaultvalue.Thisportcanbeenabledordisabledthroughsystemmenu.Don'tforgettoclickSaveSettingstostoretheconfigurationsettings.
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Figure3.86:TheInfosubtabofVoicetabofthemodemadministrationpanel
InAdvancedView,wewillobtainmoreinformation.WhatweneedtoaccessisLine1andLine2menusoastoconfigureSIPaccountinSIPsoftswitchused.OtherparametersinothermenubesideLine1andLine2neednottobechanged.
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Figure3.87:TheSystemsubtaboftheVoicetabofthemodemadministrationpanel
Insystemmenu,ifnecessary,wecanincludePrimaryandSecondaryDNSparameters.
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Figure3.88:TheSIPsubtabofVoicetabofthemodemadministrationpanel
ThroughtheSIPmenuwecanconfiguretheports,payload,CODEC,etc.Basically,theseparametersneednottobechanged.Wecanstilluseitsstandardparameterstoachievegoodresults.
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Figure3.89:Line1subtaboftheVoicetabofthemodemadministrationpanel
InLinemenuparameter,wecansetSIPaccountthatisusedtoregisterwithVoIPsoftswitch.Theparameterswehavetosetareasfollows:
LineEnablesettoYessothelinebecomesactive. Proxyfillinwithname/hostname/IPaddressofthesoftswitchtobeused. DisplayNamefillinwithVoIPphonenumber. UserIDfillwithVoIPphonenumber. PasswordfillwithVoIPpassword.
UseAuthparameterusuallyissettoNo.IfitissettoYes,weneedtofillintheAudthIDparameterwiththeVoIPtelephonenumber.ThesamesettingsalsoappliestoLine2.
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CHAPTER 4: Interconnectivity and Telephone Number Allocation
QuestionsmostlyaskedbyVoIPusersiswhetherVoIPcanbeusedtodialandreceivecallsfromaPSTNorcellularnumber,sinceoneofourpurposesinusinginternettelephonyisthatwewanttohavethistwowayinterconnectivity,particularlytobeabletoreceivecallsfromPSTNorcellular.Unfortunately,thismightnotbeaseasyaswethink,ascallsoriginatingfromPSTNorcellularcanreachoftenonlytelephonenumberslegitimatelyrecognizedbythePSTNorcellular.ThesenumbersareallocatedbyE.164,theofficialnumberingsystemacknowledgedbytheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion.
However,thegoodnewsisthattherearesomeleewaysmakingitpossibleforustocallPSTNorcellularnumbersusingVoIP.OneofwhichisbysubscribingtoaVoIPproviderthatprovidesuswithPSTNnumbers.Ontheotherhand,wecanalsoregisterourPSTNnumbertointernationalVoIPnetworksoourVoIPaccountcanberecognizedasalegitimatePSTNnumber.Thissectionwillhelpyouunderstandindetailthetechniqueforobtainingthenumber.WecouldgetafreephonenumberfromWashingtonState,US,(http://www.ipkall.com)whichenablecellular/PSTNuserstocallusonVoIPnetwork.
NotethattoreceiveacallfromPSTNprovider,itissufficienttouseacomputer,softphoneandinternetconnectivity,preferablykeptonlinefor24hours,asifweareusingordinaryphone.Obviously,aswehaveexplainedearlier,itispreferabletouseVoIPhardwaresuchasIPPhone.
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Getting Free Washington State Telephone Number
Figure 4.1: You can get a free phone number from IPKall
AwebsitethatprovidesWashingtonStatetelephonenumberforfreeisIPKallhttp://www.ipkall.com,withthenumberhaving+1prefix,theconventionalcountrycodeforUnitedStatesofAmerica.Itis
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interestingtonotethatthisnumber,althoughavailableasavirtualnumber,canactuallybecalledfromotherPSTNnumberindifferentcountries,witheachcountry'sinternationalratesappliedtothecall.Tobeabletoenablethenumber,youneedtohaveaSIPaccountfromaSIPproviderorusetheoneyouhavecreatedinVoIPRakyat.
Figure4.2:Youcanlogonusinganexistingaccount,orcreateanewaccountonthespot
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OncewehaveaSIPaccount,thenextstepwehavetodoissignuptowww.ipkall.cominordertogetWashingtonState'stelephonenumber.Inthesignuppane,chooseanyofthefollowingtheareacode:206,253,360,and425.Whichevernumberyouchoose,enteradditionalinformationontheSIPphonenumbergivenbyaSIPProvider(inourcase,it'sthenumbergivenbyVoIPRakyat),SIPProxy(voiprakyat.or.id),ouremailaddressforconfirmingtheaccountwearecreating,andthepasswordformakingchangesinIPKallaccount.TypeintheCaptchagraphicalwords.Afterallparametersarefilledcorrectly,clickSubmittoproceed.
Normally,wehavetowaitforaboutanhourtoreceivetheconfirmationsentthroughemail.ToactivateyourIPKallaccount,clicktheURLobtainedfromtheemail.Withtheaccountconfirmed,younowhavetheStateofWashingtonphonenumberwithwhichyoucanreceivecallsfromotherPSTNacrosstheworldthroughyourSIPaccount.
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Free Internet Country: Country Code +882
OneoftheservicesimportanttoVoIPisENUM,whichcarriesoutmappingfromIPaddresstotelephonenumberusingDomainNameSystem(DNS).Thephonenumbersystemfortelephonewearefamiliarwith,theonewithspecificcountrycode,isknownasE.164format.ThemappingprocessisusuallyperformedbyaDNSmachineintheInternet,throughNAPTRspecialentry.Therearetwo(2)mainTopLevelDomainsusedasreferenceinENUMprocess:e164.arpaande164.org.TheformeristhetopleveldomainnormallyusedbyformaltelecommunicationinstitutioncontrolledbytheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion.Inyourcountry,e164.arpaispossiblyunderthecontrolofthecountry'sministryoftelecommunication.
Figure 4.3: e164.org main window
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The latter, e164.org, is the informal level domain provided by communities, the sort that are concerned with how people can minimize telecommunication cost. This is the domain we will use for our VoIP communication. We can register in http://www.e164.org to get an account that can be used to obtain a phone number and register the number.
Figure 4.4: To use e164.org, simply follow the instructions shown in http://www.e164.org/wiki/AsteriskExamples
Forsmoothinterconnectionprocessbetweenasterisksoftswitchande164.org,weneedtoconfigure/etc/asterisk/enum.confsotheAsterisksoftswitchwillbeabletorecognizethenumberslistedine164.orgdomain,byactivatingthefollowingparameters:
search=>enum.voiprakyat.or.id
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search=>e164.orgsearch=>e164.arpa
Oncetheseparametersareactivated,thesoftswitchwillautomaticallyseekthePSTNnumbersavailableine164.organde164.arpa.SinceweareusingVoIPRakyatasanexampleinthisbook,wewillreferyoutoenum.voiprakyat.or.id,anENUMdevelopedinIndonesia.YoumaylaterchangetheparameterstoanyENUMproviderthatissuitabletoyourneedsorevendevelopyourownENUMserver,asrunningonerequiresonlyaDNSserver.
Entriesthatneedstobeincorporatedinto/etc/asterisk/enum.confare:
search=>enum.voiprakyat.or.id
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Figure 4.5: Before you can be connected to e164.org, you have to sign up first
Throughtheregistrationpageofe164.orghttps://www.e164.org/signup.php,entertherequiredinformationinordertoobtainatelephonenumberorregisteratelephonenumber.Theinformationyouhavetoenterareusername,password,youremailaddress,yourtimezoneandVerifyingcode.ThenclickAddmetocompletetheregistration.Iftheregistrationissuccessful,youwillbeabletouseyournewlycreatedaccounttogetatelephonenumberassignedbye164.orgorregisteryours.
Figure 4.6: The web appearance after you are logged in
Toobtainatelephonenumberorregisteryournumber,youneedtologontoe164.org.Onceyou'reloggedin,therearesomeoptionsyoucanchoosefrom.
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Figure 4.7: PSTN Phone Numbers can be added via https://www.e164.org/pstnadd.php
Accesstohttps://www.e164.org/freenumadd.phpwillbringyoutoadefaultwindowwherebyyoucanaddavirtualphonenumbertoe164.org.Youwillbeassignedaninternettelephonenumberwithcountrycode+822frome164.org.
Butifyou'reinterestedinaddingarealPSTNnumber,accesstohttps://www.e164.org/pstnadd.phpwilladdPSTNnumberinsteadandregisterthenumberyouuseinyourcountry.Whenregistering,youneedtohavethePSTNnumberactivease164willdialthenumbertoauthenticatethatitisreal.Onceyoureceivedtheactivationcode,gobacktoe164.orgwebsitetoactivatethenumberyouhavejust
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registered.
ToregisteraPSTNnumber,youneedtoenterinformationsuchascountry,areacode,telephonenumber,andSIPaccountthatwillbecalledwhensomeoneplacesacallthroughVoIPnetworkusingthePSTNnumber.SotheVoIPnetworkwillnotreachyourrealPSTNnumber,butyourSIPaccountusingthisPSTNnumber.YourSIPphonewillring,butnotyourPSTNphone.
Onceallinformationareenteredcorrectly,clickAddmetoregisterourPSTNnumbersoitcanbecalledthroughinternettelephonynetwork.
Figure 4.8: You can obtain +822 number assigned by e164.org via https://www.e164.org/freenumadd.php
Thesecondoptionismucheasiertodo:simplyrequestaVoIPnumberwithcountrycode+882viahttps://www.e164.org/freenumadd.php.ThisnumbercannotbereachedbyPSTNnumbersbutwillbe
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reachedonlythroughVoIPnetwork.Toobtaina+822number,enteryourSIP,IAX2orH.323numberintotheblanks.SincetheaccountyoucreatedinVoIPRakyatisofSIP,chooseSIPinthedropdownmenu.Onceallinformationareenteredproperly,clickAddnumberinordertoobtainthecountrycode+882.
Figure 4.9: Request a block of number via https://www.e164.org/hostadd.php
Themostinterestingpartofe164.orgisitsabilitytoobtainablockofnumbersviahttps://www.e164.org/hostadd.phpwithareacode+82299,insteadofhavingthesenumbersincludedonebyone.Todothis,clickServerAdd.ViaaddaServerEntry,choosethetypeofprotocolusedbytheserverandenterthenameoftheserver.TheservershouldhaveaPublicIPaddress,nottheone
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usedinternally.Onceallinformationareenteredproperly,clickAddServer.ThiswillmakeyourSIPserverberecognizedbye164.org,with+882beingthecountrycodeassignedtotheserver.Thisalsoimpliesthatyouwillhaveabunchofnumbersthatyoucanfurtherallocatetotheuserswhoareregisteredwithyourserver.
Introducing your country code to International VoIP net