V.O.I.PV.O.I.PVoice on Internet ProtocolVoice on Internet Protocol

ByByMatthew BulatMatthew Bulat

M.Eng.Tech MCSE MCDBA BOCPM.Eng.Tech MCSE MCDBA BOCP

What is VOIP?What is VOIP?• Routing of voice conversations over the Routing of voice conversations over the

Internet or through any other IP-based Internet or through any other IP-based network. network.

Why use VOIP?Why use VOIP?• Cheaper telecommunicationsCheaper telecommunications• Less phone line rentalLess phone line rental• Less wiring requiredLess wiring required• “ “Free” phone calls in some situationsFree” phone calls in some situations• Video conferencing possibilitiesVideo conferencing possibilities• Branch offices may not need a PABXBranch offices may not need a PABX• Use Wifi bridges to connect phone Use Wifi bridges to connect phone

systemsystem

VOIP status nowVOIP status now• IP capable PBX becoming dominantIP capable PBX becoming dominant• Skype have over 100 million usersSkype have over 100 million users• VOIP service market increasing 62% / VOIP service market increasing 62% /

yearyear• IDC Australia predicts that by 2009 there IDC Australia predicts that by 2009 there

could be as many as half a million retail could be as many as half a million retail VOIP users in Australia VOIP users in Australia

• Ideal Electrical has VOIP enabled PBXIdeal Electrical has VOIP enabled PBX• SA Government has VOIP enabled PBXSA Government has VOIP enabled PBX• New Zealand Govt. had VOIP enabled PBXNew Zealand Govt. had VOIP enabled PBX

What do I need for VOIP?What do I need for VOIP?• A network connection LAN/WAN/InternetA network connection LAN/WAN/Internet• Spare network bandwidth for VOIP call Spare network bandwidth for VOIP call

traffictraffic• Quality of Service to give priority to voice Quality of Service to give priority to voice

traffictraffic• Soft Phone software with headset or Soft Phone software with headset or • Broadband Router with phone socket + Broadband Router with phone socket +

phone orphone or• Router + Analog Telephone Adapter + Router + Analog Telephone Adapter +

phone orphone or• PABX with VOIP facilities PABX with VOIP facilities • Wifi Router + Wifi phone handsetsWifi Router + Wifi phone handsets

When can I consider When can I consider VOIP?VOIP?

• When moving to a new buildingWhen moving to a new building• When STD calls and International When STD calls and International

calls costs need to be reducedcalls costs need to be reduced• When line rental fees need reviewWhen line rental fees need review• When new EFTPOS, fax, modems When new EFTPOS, fax, modems

need to be addedneed to be added• If call count per month is highIf call count per month is high

Disadvantages of VOIPDisadvantages of VOIP• Quality of calls across Internet is not Quality of calls across Internet is not

assuredassured• Broadband equivalent connection needed Broadband equivalent connection needed

for connecting offsitefor connecting offsite• Network switches may need replacementNetwork switches may need replacement• Power on Ethernet may need to be Power on Ethernet may need to be

established over the LANestablished over the LAN• Phone availability is dependant on Phone availability is dependant on

network hardware and powernetwork hardware and power• Some VOIP providers have feesSome VOIP providers have fees• Emergency calls 000 do not issue an Emergency calls 000 do not issue an

origin origin

VOIP AlternativesVOIP Alternatives• Call cap plans with Telecommunications Call cap plans with Telecommunications

providerprovider• Virtual fax lines that get sent to emailVirtual fax lines that get sent to email• ISDN D channel for EFTPOSISDN D channel for EFTPOS• Advanced forms of Instant messagingAdvanced forms of Instant messaging• Use mobile phones and reduce land linesUse mobile phones and reduce land lines• Least cost routing with various carrier Least cost routing with various carrier

prefixesprefixes

Soft Phone Soft Phone e.g. Skypee.g. Skype• Free softwareFree software

• Free Skype to SkypeFree Skype to Skype• Free Video ConferencingFree Video Conferencing• Prepay to call real phonesPrepay to call real phones• Prepay for phone no. (10 Prepay for phone no. (10

Euro for 3 months)Euro for 3 months)• Voicemail with phone no.Voicemail with phone no.• Send SMS from PC (has Send SMS from PC (has

fee)fee)• Can use wherever on Can use wherever on

broadbandbroadband• Can work with Pocket PC Can work with Pocket PC

wifiwifi

VOIP with real phone e.g. VOIP with real phone e.g. EnginEngin

• Analog Telephone Adapter $199 with phone Analog Telephone Adapter $199 with phone socketsocket

• Phone number $9.95 per monthPhone number $9.95 per month• 10 cent local and national calls un-timed10 cent local and national calls un-timed• Can receive landline and VOIP line to 1 phoneCan receive landline and VOIP line to 1 phone• Can fallback to landline if power/network failsCan fallback to landline if power/network fails

VOIP from routerVOIP from router

• Use standard phones connected directly to Use standard phones connected directly to routerrouter

• Cheaper than router + analog telephone Cheaper than router + analog telephone adapteradapter

• Quality of service provided at the routerQuality of service provided at the router

Hybrid PABX inc. VOIPHybrid PABX inc. VOIP• Adding hardware to existing PABX can Adding hardware to existing PABX can

gain VOIP between sites while leaving gain VOIP between sites while leaving the office architecture the samethe office architecture the same

• Calls can fallback to landlines if WAN Calls can fallback to landlines if WAN is at capacityis at capacity

• VOIP can present itself as a PSTN line VOIP can present itself as a PSTN line to the PABX for traditional useto the PABX for traditional use

• Least Cost Routing can divert certain Least Cost Routing can divert certain calls to VOIP system linescalls to VOIP system lines

Large PABX Multi site VOIPLarge PABX Multi site VOIP

Sample Large VOIP PABX Sample Large VOIP PABX featuresfeatures

• Up to 6000 extensions controlled by Up to 6000 extensions controlled by 2 RU device2 RU device

• Whole configuration is held in PC-Whole configuration is held in PC-card storage card which can be card storage card which can be programmed offsiteprogrammed offsite

• Browser can be used to adjust Browser can be used to adjust configuration configuration

• Wireless LAN handsetsWireless LAN handsets

Soft phone PABX Extension Soft phone PABX Extension Virtual Private Network Virtual Private Network

compatiblecompatible

Microsoft Office Microsoft Office Communicator 2005Communicator 2005

• Talk, video conference, chat, whiteboard Talk, video conference, chat, whiteboard from PC and phonefrom PC and phone

• Know current status of who you want to Know current status of who you want to contact e.g.. At desk, away, on phone, in contact e.g.. At desk, away, on phone, in meeting, not logged inmeeting, not logged in

• Pop up when call comes in with caller Pop up when call comes in with caller detailsdetails

• Dial, transfer call from Outlook type list on Dial, transfer call from Outlook type list on PCPC

• Missed calls can show up as a email, click to Missed calls can show up as a email, click to call backcall back

• Divert to a mobile when logged off PCDivert to a mobile when logged off PC

Office VOIP wiringOffice VOIP wiring

• One Cat-5 lead for phone and computer (1/2 cables)One Cat-5 lead for phone and computer (1/2 cables)• PABX , network switch and Power on Ethernet need PABX , network switch and Power on Ethernet need

a good UPS.a good UPS.• Analog devices like faxes/modems need analog Analog devices like faxes/modems need analog

adaptersadapters• Branch to branch calls have no telephony feesBranch to branch calls have no telephony fees

VOIP ManagementVOIP Management• Using the LAN/WAN program phone Using the LAN/WAN program phone

systems across the Enterprisesystems across the Enterprise• Better GUI interfaces to control 100’s of Better GUI interfaces to control 100’s of

possible featurespossible features• Handset movements in the network Handset movements in the network

keep there extension number as they keep there extension number as they go.go.

• Web server interfaces for programming Web server interfaces for programming at different access levels possibleat different access levels possible

VOIP specsVOIP specs• Clear voice communications can be Clear voice communications can be

had using 64kb bandwidth (both had using 64kb bandwidth (both ways). E.g. G711 codec (~28 MB / ways). E.g. G711 codec (~28 MB / hour)hour)

• With extra compression and With extra compression and processing time voice communication processing time voice communication can get by with 8kb bandwidth. E.g. can get by with 8kb bandwidth. E.g. G729 codec (~3.6 MB / hour) G729 codec (~3.6 MB / hour)

SecuritySecurity• Maintain firewalls, anti virus, security Maintain firewalls, anti virus, security

patches, review logs, review activitypatches, review logs, review activity• Select software that needs a minimum Select software that needs a minimum

number of ports open.number of ports open.• Direct certain ports to defined IP addresses Direct certain ports to defined IP addresses

to handle the traffic.to handle the traffic.• Define what applications can use a port.Define what applications can use a port.• Encrypt voice signals and protocols usedEncrypt voice signals and protocols used• IP handset MAC address permissions given IP handset MAC address permissions given

by PABXby PABX• Wifi SSID, WEP/WPA, MAC address filteringWifi SSID, WEP/WPA, MAC address filtering• Secure VPN connectionsSecure VPN connections

New possibilities for New possibilities for telephonytelephony

• PABX – LAN ~ Wifi Bridge ~ LAN – computers PABX – LAN ~ Wifi Bridge ~ LAN – computers and phonesand phones

• No phone system needed in second buildingNo phone system needed in second building• No cabling required across roads, common land No cabling required across roads, common land

etc.etc.

Remote TelephonyRemote Telephony

• Work from home using computer as a phone Work from home using computer as a phone extension from work.extension from work.

• Work at multiple branches where your computer Work at multiple branches where your computer keeps its extension number as you move.keeps its extension number as you move.

The FutureThe Future• Mobile phone that can do Wifi VOIP if in Mobile phone that can do Wifi VOIP if in

rangerange• VOIP using Wimax (no phone lines required)VOIP using Wimax (no phone lines required)• Internet / VOIP / Video on demand Internet / VOIP / Video on demand

broadbandbroadband• ISP’s working like carriers with Quality of ISP’s working like carriers with Quality of

Service for VOIP on their networkService for VOIP on their network• Wireless phones with Skype built in (2006 Wireless phones with Skype built in (2006

Q3)Q3)

Wifi Skype Phone with no Wifi Skype Phone with no PCPC

ResourcesResources• www.phonechoice.com.auwww.phonechoice.com.au (includes calculator (includes calculator

for plans based on your current usage)for plans based on your current usage)• www.OzInternetPhones.com.auwww.OzInternetPhones.com.au (list providers) (list providers)• http://www.erlang.com/calculator/lipb/http://www.erlang.com/calculator/lipb/ (voice (voice

paths to VOIP bandwidth calculatorpaths to VOIP bandwidth calculator• www.voipnews.com.auwww.voipnews.com.au• http://www.avoipa.org.au/http://www.avoipa.org.au/ Aust. Comm. Aust. Comm.

Industry ForumIndustry Forum• http://www.acma.gov.auhttp://www.acma.gov.au Aust. Comm. & Media Aust. Comm. & Media

AuthorityAuthority