volcanoes and their effects on earth eq: how do volcanoes effect earth’s surface?
TRANSCRIPT
Volcanoes and their effects on Earth
EQ: How do volcanoes effect Earth’s surface?
What is a Volcano?• A volcano is a mountain that forms
when molten rock, magma, is forced to the Earth’s surface
What are the types of Volcanic eruptions?
Nonexplosive Eruptions:
• Continuous flow of lava
• Can release huge amounts of molten rock
• Can have lava fountains can spray lava into the air
Explosive Eruptions:• Clouds of hot
debris and gases shoot out from the volcano, often at supersonic speeds
• The molten rock hardens in the air creating dust particles
• Can demolish rock formations
What are the types of Volcanoes?
• There are three types of Volcanoes:– Shield: spreads out and covers a wide area– Cinder cone: cone shaped with a narrow
base and dome opening– Composite: most common with broad
bases and steep slopes
Where do Volcanoes form?• Volcanoes form on or
near plate boundaries
• They are usually occur at convergent and divergent boundaries
• The plate boundary surrounding the Pacific Ocean have so many volcanoes that it is known as the Ring of Fire
• 75% of the world’s volcanoes are found in the Ring of Fire
What are the effects of Volcanoes?
Climate Changes:• In large eruptions,
volcanic ash and gases can reach the upper atmosphere
• If there is enough ash, it can block sunlight causing temperature drops
• This can result in climate changes all over the world
What are the effects of Volcanoes?
Earth’s Surface:• Volcanic ash can cause great
damage to surrounding trees and vegetation
• It can flow like an avalanche, choking and searing everything in its path
• Large amounts of ash can cause buildings to collapse under the extreme weight
• Can dam up rivers, resulting in massive flooding