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QT e-News™

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Volume 6, Issue 2 • Spring 2015

QUANTA TECHNOLOGY | 4020 WESTCHASE BLVD., SUITE 300 | RALEIGH, NC 27607 | +1 (919) 334-3000 | WWW.QUANTA-TECHNOLOGY.COM

Design & Implementation of Protection Systems for the National Transmission System of Ecuador ....................................................................................................

Letter from the President ....................................................................................................................................Page 2

Enabling Energized Work Helps Maintain Electric Power Reliability in the Netherlands .............Page 7

Advancing Synchrophasor Applications in Latin America ......................................................................Page 9

Line Protection Qualification by Real-Time Digital Simulation Testing for SEB, Malaysia ...........Page 11

Inside This Issue:

The expansion of Ecuador's Interconnected National Transmission System (SNI) has not yet surpassed gen-eration expansion or demand growth. As a consequence, under some circumstances, the electrical system op-erates in a stressed state, and occurrence of specific double contingencies in the 230kV transmission ring can cause a system collapse. Since transmission expansion projects demand significant time to fully execute, in the short term it was a priority to identify automatic mecha-nisms to prevent the collapse of the SNI. Ecuador’s government agency that coordinates the operation of the SNI, CENACE, contracted Quanta Technology for the design of an intelligent Systemic Protection System (SPS) to address the power system needs to preserve system stability, as well as minimiz-ing service interruptions to end users. The SPS is an automatic protection system designed to maintain system reliability by detecting abnormal, predetermined system conditions and taking corrective actions. Key functions of the SPS are triggered by operation of existing protective relays responding to faults. The main functional components of the SPS system include: a) field devices, b) Central Controller Systems (CCS), and c) communications networks. Continued on Page 3

Design & Implementation of Protection Systems for the National Transmission System of Ecuador By Verónica Flores & Gabriel Argüello, CENACE and Solveig Ward, Quanta Technology

QUANTA TECHNOLOGY’S e-NE WS

LE T TER FROM THE PRESIDENT

International Expertise & Teamwork Dear Colleagues, The secure, reliable and safe operation of power and energy infrastructures is critical for achieving progress in any mod-ern society. International electrical power and energy sectors are evolving as consumer expectations and available options change, technology breakthroughs happen, and energy sources and their usage are transformed. Use of electricity is expected to grow even with improvements in energy efficiency, as it is expected that electrical energy will replace other forms of energy (e.g., transportation). Although these changes are happening around the world, speed of change, innovation and technology deployments vary from region to region. Furthermore, most of the products used in our industry are now produced and used globally by international companies. Having a global perspective enables faster learning and use of best practices. Quanta Technology’s technical leadership position is strength-ened by the interaction of our subject matter experts in the international market. Through our global projects and industry participation, our experts have been able to both learn and share their experience and knowledge across the world. This approach has allowed us to further enhance our knowledge of industry best practices and better support all of our partners. The world is at our fingertips, and we work with clients from across the globe to provide solutions to meet their business needs. In this issue of our newsletter David Elizondo, International Business Director, has put together a sampling of the types of projects Quanta Technology has worked on in various countries:• In Ecuador, we provided studies for the justification, design, specifications and commissioning support of Ecuador’s System Protection.

• In the Netherlands, our team worked with Joulz on an evaluation of energized work technology options and a roadmap for future energized work capabilities.• In Colombia, our expertise was used to develop an advanced supervision and control system for the Colombian transmission grid.• In Malaysia, we performed a real-time digital simulation study for the 275kV protection system in the Sarawak region.Quanta Technology draws from a vast network of experienced power system experts from around the world, as you’ll see on our expert highlight page. Our staff is composed of individuals who share a passion for electric power systems and work togeth-er to resolve issues that the electric industry is facing. Our growth in international markets will allow us to continue sharing and exporting the industry best practices, apply our understanding of the reality of each country where we work, and contribute to the electric power reliability improvements of all our partners.

Sincerely,

Damir Novosel and the Quanta Technology Team

"New Method for Determining Path Transfer Capability" by A. Daneshpooy and R. Anilkumar – Western Interstate Energy Board at the Joint CREPC-SPSC-WIRAB meetings

"Model Enhancement to Support PRC-004, PRC-023 and PRC-027" by S. Alaeddini and G. Sarkinen (Xcel Energy) – Spring 2015 Transmission, Distribution & Metering Conference

"A New Technique for Evaluating Wide-Area Protection Coordination" by S. Alaeddini and A. Gopalakrishnan, et al. – Georgia Tech Protective Relaying Conference

"Assessment of Relay Settings for Compliance with the PRC-023 Line Loadability Requirement" by T. Chang, S. Alaeddini, A. Go-palakrishnan, G. Kauer (Xcel Energy) – CAPE Users' Group Meeting, June 23-24, Ann Arbor, MI

"Addition of Risk Assessment to the Automated Wide-Area Protection Coordination Studies" by I. Anand, S. Alaeddini, A. Gopal-akrishnan, J. Schmidt (AltaLink) – CAPE Users' Group Meeting, June 23-24, Ann Arbor, MI

"Comparison of Risk Assessment Approaches in Wide-Area Protection Coordination" by S. Alaeddini, I. Anand, A. Gopalakrishnan, Bryan Gwyn, et al. – PAC World Conference 2015, June 29, Glasgow, Scotland

"A Synchrophasor Measurement Based Method for Assessing Damping Torque Contributions from Power System Stabilizers" by X. Jiang, et al. – IEEE Power- Tech 2015, June 29-July 2, Einhoven, The Netherlands

"Smart Substations – Protection, Communications, Control, Wide Area Measurements, Enterprise Integration and Applica-tions" full-day tutorial session by D. Boroughs and E. Udren – IEEE PES General Meeting, July 26-20, Denver, CO

Recent Quanta Technology Presentations & Publications


The first part of Quanta Technology's study was focused on the justification and design of the SPS, as well as providing im-mediate reliability improvements. The second part of Quanta Technology’s study pertained to a future period when planned construction of 230 kV and 500 kV lines and substations should make the system less vulnerable.

Steady State & Dynamic Simulations Quanta Technology first performed a simulation of two real system events to prove the validity of the CENACE power system model and its adequacy to be used as the basis of more comprehensive analysis. The two events simulated were: 1) the Molino-Pascuales 230kV transmission line disconnection, when the line experienced a phase-to-ground fault in February of 2012, and 2) when Totoras-Santa Rosa 230kV transmission lines tripped after an apparent phase-to-ground fault in January of 2009. Based on both event simulations, Quanta Technology concluded the current power system model needed to be fine-tuned to achieve results that better matched field measurements. Based on the second set of results, additional sensitivity studies were performed, such as modifications to the load model, variations of generation models and further comparisons against field event records.After updates and modifications to the generator models were made, Quanta Technology identified the worst combinations of single and double transmission line disconnections, and then proposed a systemic integrity protection system, which incorporated controlled load shedding and generation disconnections. The eight identified contingencies of the 230 kV transmission ring are shown in Figure 1.The study results led to tables of mitigation actions that must be taken at high speed (less than 200 ms) as a function of where the corridor loss occurs and what loads are in the affected and nearby circuits. The mitigation actions comprise shedding of computed quantities of generation and load at specified locations or regions. The SPS was designed to carry out these actions, and also to be flexible for future changes and additions. A centralized con-troller, dual redundant SPS, was specified using Ethernet communications on new dedicated paths to be established in the existing CENACE – TRANSELECTRIC (transmission owner in Ecuador) PDH communications network. Monitoring and mitigating relays were deployed across Ecuador and tied to controller instal-lations via these network communication paths. The mitigation of any specific condition was carried out via SPS central controller programming and placement of sensing/monitoring and tripping/mitigating IEDs at suitable locations.

Proposed Analytical Solution - Conceptual Design The mathematical functionality of the SPS system was based on planning study analysis of 230 kV transmission line double outage contingencies in the same transmission corridor of the Ecuadorian grid. In the case of the loss of two parallel lines in any of the western Ecuadorian 230 kV corridors, synchronism across the Pomasqui-Jamondino connection between Ecuador and Colombia would be lost unless load and generation in Ecuador shed according to the equation: Y= A0i + A1i • X1 + A2i • X2 Where: Y= MW of generation to be tripped, X1 and X2 = Pre-disturbance measurements of line MW flows, and A0, A1, A2 = Disturbance specific coefficients for the particular pair of lines that tripped to trigger the mitigation.

Continued on page 4

Design & Implementation of Protection Systems Continued from page 1

Figure 1. 230 kV transmission ring & contingencies

G G G G

G

G

G

G

G

S. DOMINGO

BABA

QUEVEDO

PASCUALES DOS CERRITOS MILAGRO ZHORAY MOLINO

TOTORAS

S. ROSA

RIOBAMBA

POMASQUI

138 kV

138 kV

JAMONDINO (COLOMBIA)

1

2 3

8

4

5 6

7


Continued on page 5

During the design process, it was decided that the SPS should be based on synchrophasor measurements, complemented by IEC 61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) messages for sensing line trips that indicated a contin-gency situation. As the mitigation actions are based on pre-contingency steady-state power flows, the latency requirements for analog measurements were moderate and specified at a rate of 1 second. For the high-speed trip status messages required in the scheme, it was decided to use GOOSE instead of integrating the status signal in the analog data. This reduced the overall communications requirements. The data flow rates specified in the design are illustrated in Figure 2.

Implementation & Architecture Design The architecture of the SPS was subject to modifica-tion based on inputs accepted by CENACE from the selected supplier. SPS field devices include redun-dant monitoring and mitigation relays located at the transmission substations, load shed locations and generating sites. The monitoring relays collect power system measurements at the substation, such as line flows, plus binary indication of critical breaker trip signals, critical breaker status and other substation status indicators. The mitigation relays receive control commands from the central controller(s) and take immediate action to trip generation units or loads. In addition, the mitigation relays perform measurements and binary indication similar to the monitoring relays.The SPS was designed with redundant SPS control centers (CCs). The primary SPS control center is located at the CENACE control center, and the secondary (hot standby) SPS control center is located at the TRANSELECTRIC control center. Each site has two redundant SPS controllers. Each site includes a redundant SPS User Interface (UI), server(s) for gathering field device event and status data, and a scheme for supplying high-level SPS status and control

capabilities to system operators via a secure Inter-control Center Communications Protocol (ICCP) communications which links to an EMS (Energy Management System).The SPS communications network includes communications circuits and communications equipment, such as Ethernet switches, routers/gateways and interfaces to Ethernet channel cards that interconnect components of the SPS using the existing TRANSELECTRIC PDH communications network. The communications equipment provides fast Ethernet to transport Layer-2 International Electrotechnical Com-mission (IEC) 61850-8-1 GOOSE messaging for high-speed status and control. The network supports Layer 3 Internet Protocol (IP) for administrative and management functions, such as event data gathering.


Monitoring relays

Load flow measurements

Arming calculation

Contingency?

UDP/IP IEEE C37.118.2

Generation / load shed

calculation

Monitoring relays

Line trip

GOOSEIEC 61850-8-1

Mitigation relaysTrip generation

Trip load

GOOSEIEC 61850-8-1

SPS

50 msec SPS operating time

1 second update rate

PDH LAN BU A

CENCACE CC

EMS CENACE

ICCP

Transelectric CCHot-standby

External External

PDH

PDH

Primary controller B

Controller ModuleController

ModuleController Module

Back-up controller A



Back-up controller BController ModuleController


Primary controller A



Output conditioning

Output conditioning

ICCP

Gen/Load MitigationSubstation Monitoring

Relay A Relay ARelay B Relay B

PDH LAN Pri A

PDH LAN BU BEMS

Transelectric

Redundant &independent LAN A & LAN B

Redundant & independent LAN A & LAN B

PDH LAN Pri B

Figure 3. Proposed Architecture

Figure 2. Data flow rates


Bid Preparation, Vendor Evaluation & Technical Support Quanta Technology prepared the specifications for the SPS procurement and bid evaluation methodology, as well as identified potential vendors. The RFP included the procurement of the SPS system, comprising monitoring and mitigating relays, Central Controller System (CCS) software and hardware, and auxiliary HMI and support platforms to provide the required functions. The overall design of the SPS needed to consider not only reliability, robustness, security and speed performance, but also system maintainability, expandability and component interoperability. Quanta Technology provided expert support for the technical evaluation of the bids, examining in detail how well each technical requirement in the design specification was met by the solution pro-posed by the vendor to develop a score sheet that was used for vendor selection.

Support during Factory Acceptance & Site Acceptance Tests (FAT/SAT) The selected vendor performed a FAT test which involved the setup of all components of the fully re-dundant system – field devices, as well as central controllers. Quanta Technology assisted in the FAT, where special focus was to verify that the commu-nications latency requirements were met. Quanta Technology also assisted in the final SAT tests where all communications from each monitoring relay and the resulting communications commands to mitigation relays were verified, including mea-surements of end-to-end latency over the actual communications network used.

Sample of SPS System in Operation The Systemic Protection System was implemented in the Ecuadorian electrical system by the compa-ny NR ELECTRIC, who met the requirements of the established terms of reference in the redun-dancy of substations and control centers, where the critical time for action counted from the detec-tion of the fault to the implementation of remedial actions measured about 192 milliseconds during the SAT. Specified SPS equipment was installed in 12 transmission substations, 11 substations of a distribution company (Empresa Electrica Quito), in the operator (CENACE) control center and in the transmission owner (TRANSELECTRIC) control center. Figure 4 shows the implemented SPS architecture.The SPS has logic to judge the occurrence of double contingency, and a real-time assessment is done in each bay for each substation that has monitoring or mitigation relays installed.

LAN BLAN A

PCS-992MMaster Unit A

PCS-9882 Switch

Huawei switchFor HMI

Workstation

EMS

RACK 4000 Ethernet-E1 Switch

PCS-9882 Switch

GOOSESend line status

SDH MUX

For HMI

Huawei switch

Monitoring Server A

Monitoring Server B

Firewall+Router

Forwarding Server A

Forwarding Server B

PCS-992SSlave Unit A

Monitoring Substation

PCS-992MMaster Unit B

PCS-992SSlave Unit B

Redu

ndan

t SPS

Mitigation Substation

Receive power and status send GOOSE command




ICCP ICCP

CCC

PCS-9882 Switch

SDH MUX

For HMI

WorkstationConsole

GOOSESend line status


RACK 4000 Ethernet-E1 Switch

GOOSESend power

Receive command

SDH MUX

PCS-992SSlave Unit A


PCS-992SSlave Unit B

Redu

ndan

t SPS

PCS-9882 SwitchGOOSE

Send powerReceive command

RACK 4000E1-RJ45 ethernet Switch


E1-RJ45 ethernet Switch

ORACLE Server A

ORACLE Server B

Workstation

EMS

Firewall+Router

ICCP ICCP

SDH MUX

Console

COT


For HMI

PCS-9882 Switch

Huawei switchFor HMI

PCS-9882 Switch

For HMI

Huawei switch

Monitoring Server A

Monitoring Server B

Forwarding Server A

Forwarding Server B





For HMI




ORACLE Server B


For HMI

ORACLE Server A

PCS-9882

PCS-992Msubstation

PCS-9882

PCS-992S

PCS-992S

HMI Server

HMIWorkstation PCS-9882

GOOSE

GOOSE

GOOSE

MMS

MMS

MMS

MMS

PCS-992MControlcenter

DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM

For HMI For HMI


Continued on page 6

Figure 4. SPS architecture implemented in the Ecuadorian electrical system (Source NR ELECTRIC)

LAN A LAN B


A number of the factors considered in the judging criteria are listed below: a. A sudden change of power occurs; it should be more than a predefined value (40 MW). b. Current through the post-fault element is less than a predefined value (10% In). c. The post-fault power is less than a predefined value (5MW). d. The opening of the switch. In the event that the communication between the central system and the substation failed, this criterion will be ignored and only the above criteria will be judged.The results of the evaluation of each bay in the substation are sent to the central system control centers where they are checked to see whether the contingency is double or not based on the following figure and by the logic shown in the following table:

Quanta Technology is proud of the joint work performed with CENACE and TRANSELECTRIC for this key SPS project, which started several years ago with a conceptual design and is now implemented in the CENACE control center. Through the years of collabora-tion, the engineers of CENACE, TRANSELECTRIC and Quanta Technology have developed a strong working relationship that has grown both professionally and personally. This type of project occurs only approximately every thirty years, and Quanta Technology greatly appreciates the opportunity to work with CENACE and TRANSELECTRIC in this effort to improve the reliability of the electric power system and contribute to the wellbeing and progress of Ecuador. Quanta Technology continues working with CENACE and TRANSELECTRIC on other important projects in the protection field.


SUBSTATION 1

SUBSTATION 2

C1 C2

L1 L2

L3 L4

Substation 1 Breaker l1




Execute mitigation actions?

1 1 1 1 YES 1 1 0 0 YES 0 0 1 1 YES 1 0 1 0 NO 0 1 0 1 NO 1 0 0 1 YES 0 1 1 0 YES

Snapshot of the systemic protec-tion that has been installed in the National Control Center in Ecuador.

The figure shows the real-time breaker status of the main 230 kV transmission ring, key power flows in transmission lines, and key generation production levels.

Status of the Con-troller A and Con-troller B are shown in the middle of the figure. The candi-date locations for load shedding are shown in the right side corner which are updated in real-time.

For cases in which the performance of mitigation actions are required, the central system (both the main and backup systems) sends trigger signals to the relays installed in substa-tions (generation and load).


Continued on page 8

Enabling Energized Work Helps Maintain Electric Power Reliability in The NetherlandsBy Anja Vijselaar, Joulz and David Elizondo, Quanta Technology

Based on difficulties in taking transmission lines out of service, there is a significant market need for energized work in the Neth-erlands in order to maintain electric power transmission assets. The practice of energized line work consists of utilizing energized techniques and/or robots to perform maintenance, inspections and/or upgrades on transmission lines while the transmission line is energized. The ability to perform maintenance and inspection services and upgrading transmission lines without shutting down the transmission line (de-energizing the line) has many eco-nomic, social and environmental benefits to the network owner, such as less requirement for line redundancy, savings in outage scheduling and preparations, reduction in manpower, and no discontinuity in the electricity supply to customers. Given the high cost of transmission lines and the impact that transmission lines have on the environment, there is a major advantage in being able to avoid duplication of assets purely for maintenance purposes. In addition, sometimes maintenance is so difficult to schedule that the lines and its components can suffer serious degradation in the time it takes to obtain an outage which may lead to transmission failures and high costs.

However, there are a number of challenges that need to be addressed before energized work is possible in the Netherlands. The foremost issue is getting the current regulations changed so that energized work is legally allowed. TenneT B.V. is the na-tional electricity transmission system operator in the Netherlands and intends to bring the need for energized work activities in the Netherlands forward to the Ministry of Social Affairs in order for

them to examine the benefits of energized work and to start an initiative to change the regulations. In the last few months, TenneT and the Ministry have had several meetings, and the Ministry is willing to change the rules in the Netherlands be-ginning with a pilot project in the latter half of 2015. This will commence the larger process of changing the regulations and the identification of the technical rules, including the identification of minimum approach distances in which energized work must be performed.Joulz B.V. is working with Quanta Technology to help evaluate market needs and address challenges and opportunities that will support Joulz in addressing this market need for TenneT. The key results of this project were the evaluation of energized-line technology options and priorities for Joulz based on market needs and creation of a roadmap for Joulz to gain capabilities for energized work activities. Safety is understandably a fundamental concern of regulators; therefore, Quanta Technology's evaluation of current energized options focused specifically on the safety practices and statistics in countries where energized work is already in practice. Over the years, and in different countries, energized line work has been adopted after meticulous planning with the development of safety rules, work methods, utilization of customized ener-gized line tools and materials, training with the importance given to safety, and personnel certification. While certifications and procedures may slightly vary from country to country, all focus on personnel safety. The required training and certification of linemen performing and supervising the work is a major factor which has contributed to a significant reduction in line work related accidents (i.e., improved safety), using energized line techniques. The theoretical and practical training includes safety requirements, electricity basics, reading of construction drawings, tower climbing, rigging and rescue during line work, and tower construction for both tra-ditional and energized line work techniques. With that level of training, the skills of the linemen are increased, becoming fully skilled workers qualified to perform energized line work. All of this means that the certified energized line crews are less prone to accidents, as they are better trained and more conscious and aware in their approach which leads to greatly improving the overall efficiency and safety of the work environment.Energized work can be performed many different ways. The predominant methods include bare-hand methods, hot sticks,

The single fundamental driver that has spurred the demand of energized work

is the inability to obtain transmission line outages

It avoids increasing congestion over already

congested paths by scheduling line outages

Avoids increase in operational costs due to generation re-dispatch

Minimizes capital investments, such as new

rights of way

Potential for energized work to be safer than de-energized work based on stricter safety procedures


Enabling Energized Work Continued from page 7

temporary structures and the use of robots like ground-based robotic arms (LineMaster™). Using hot-stick methods, direct human contact with energized components is avoided and line workers use tools fastened to insulated fiberglass poles to carry out the work, always keeping themselves at a safe distance from the energized components. In contrast, using bare-hand methods, the line worker is positioned in direct contact with the energized transmission line components, and is energized or raised to the electrical potential of the conductor being worked on. There are a few different type of robots that can be used in energized work. Ground-based robots are designed to remotely capture and control energized conductors. This robot executes tasks that are far beyond human capability from a mechanical and electrical stress perspective. Quanta Services' LineMaster™ robotic arm is a ground-based robot that was developed to meet the needs of the electricity industry to remotely handle, move and relocate energized conductors of various voltages up to 500 kV.

The development was driven to address specific energized-line procedures, such as the replacement of rotten poles utilizing the existing hole (especially in rock) and reframing and re-insulating structures, which are typically difficult to execute with traditional energized-line tools like hotsticks. Though the LineMaster™ is designed to be able to perform these heavy duty tasks, it is also capable of helping perform routine maintenance, such as painting in cases where such maintenance is impossible to be performed while de-energized.

The second type of robot used for energized work is suspended from the line and is designed to serve as the extended eyes and arms of the lineman. Its basic design function is to perform visual inspections. The third type of robot is aerial-based (unmanned aerial vehicles), and its basic design function is also to perform

visual inspections. Both suspended and aerial-based robots are emerging technologies, and in the future they will likely both be used for more difficult tasks in addition to visual inspections. In order to support TenneT in their case to the regulators, Joulz has developed a business case of what a potential energized job could look like in the Netherlands market. The specific pilot project is for the conservation (painting) of twenty-five towers in the Netherlands. The pilot project is a prime example of how en-ergized work is the preferred and currently only possible mainte-nance method due to the specific difficulties with the pylons and the structure design. Because of the short distance, it is impossi-ble to work on the pylon in the conventional way (de-energized) if one circuit is still energized. Also, it is not possible to take both cir-cuits out of service at this moment. Therefore, the project would involve an energized work company taking the energized line out of the pylon and creating the safety distances to perform the conservations activities at the tower.Due to the current regulatory chal-lenges in being able to schedule outages, and the fact that some of the transmission line assets are already operating close to their limits, the ability to perform energized work is an eventuality at this point for the Netherlands. It’s a proven technology that fulfills a deep market need and it’s only a matter of time before the regulations catch up to the advancements in technology. Joulz and Quanta Technology are working together to enable energized work to become an additional tool in the asset management portfolio in the Netherlands.

Energized deadend insulator replacement. Picture © Quanta Services

138 kV Double Deadend Structure Replacement, Chicago Picture © Quanta Services

Pylon issue in proposed pilot. Picture © Joulz


Under a grant from the United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA), Quanta Technology worked with XM S.A. E.S.P, the power system operator in Colombia, in the development of an advanced supervision and control system for the Colombian transmis-sion grid. Specifically, the conceptualization and design for the implementation of an Advanced Wide-Area Measurement System for the Colombian power grid. The proposed system aims to improve the observability and control of the National Interconnected System in Colombia by using synchronized phasor measurement and advanced applications and methodologies based on the measurements. As a consequence, XM expects to improve the quality and reliability of its operation, measured by a reduction in the number of events that affect the demand and the improvement of the operation quality indices. Some key highlights of Quanta’s work included devel-oping a conceptual design for the Wide-Area Measurement System (WAMS), a 10-year roadmap for the incremental introduction of Wide-Area Measurement using advanced data exchange and establishing the functional and data management requirements for interfacing of the new synchrophasor system with the Energy Management System (EMS). The concept of the Intelligent Supervision and Advanced Control System (iSAAC) was developed by XM and then expanded upon by Quanta Tech-nology and XM during the project execution. Five major areas of develop-ment were identified that will support the entire new supervision and control ecosystem: 1. Improved situational awareness 2. Collaborative protection (Advanced SIPS) and distributed control 3. Decentralized functionality at substation level 4. Wide-area IP-based telecommunications/data bus architecture 5. Intensive use of synchrophasor technologyThe electric power sector and XM are at an important and exciting juncture with respect to the development and implementation of the iSAAC project. This is a new design, unique in the world, and a leading concept for the im-plementation of PMU applications. The expected project duration of 10 years starting from 2014 and the estimated project cost of $10M USD are reasonable and come at a good time based on the current plans for the new EMS for the national control center. The use of the recently approved funds from Colombia's energy and natural gas regulator, CREG, of $3M USD for the next three years should be planned in a way that the electric power sector and XM show the benefits of the iSAAC implementation. The implementation roadmap was a collaborative effort between XM and Quanta Technology, and encapsulated all of the other analysis and work performed in all project tasks, thus becoming the key deliverable of the project. Some of Quanta Technology's most

important roadmap recommendations for the next three years are described next. To ensure a solid foundation for the project, the first key step is working with the transmission owners, generation owners, distribution owners, the planning authority and other stakeholders of the Colombian electric power sector to identify the benefits that the implementa-tion of synchrophasor applications can bring to the system. Then, XM can develop and propose to CREG the necessary regulatory modifications that will allow the implementation of key synchrophasor applications, such as System Integrity Protection Schemes (SIPS). XM currently performs disturbance analysis, but these analyses still use limited information gathered from PMUs. XM has plans to start with records of the key performance indicators that were identified and develop statistics needed for voltage baselines, angles and frequency as a function of different system topology and under normal and contingency conditions. XM currently has plans to validate generator and exciter dynamic models for their large generation stations.

Continued on page 10

Advancing Synchrophasor Applications in Latin America –The Pioneering Example of XMBy Ramón León, XM and Yi Hu and Leydi Zora, Quanta Technology


A number of system level phenomena, including out of step conditions and voltage instability, were identified based on a detailed review of 64 events performed during another project for XM. The infrastructure-related activities shall be designed to allow the implementation of the three synchrophasor applications (previously indicated) in the next three years and present incremental additions year after year. At the center of the infrastructure-related activities is the proof of concept laboratory, which is envisioned as the necessary testing and training facility for the development of new concepts such as data bus, gateways, IDD and an MPLS based network. These testing activities are needed before field deployment. The proof of concept laboratory can also serve for operator training, which could be financed by all agents involved. By 2017, XM will be able to prove the benefits of synchrophasors by the implementation of synchrophasor applications – post mortem analysis, model calibration and validation applied for generators, baselining, and System Integrity Protection Scheme (SIPS). The implementation of these applications will give momentum to the project, as they are all designed to minimize long-term failure risk by incremental implementation and will thus serve as early victories and proof of the benefits of the iSAAC system. The elements on the 2014-2025 roadmap were prioritized based on three factors: a) XM system needs, b) Application readiness for deployment, and c) Additional XM/vendor effort required to implement the application. The roadmap is divided into four high-level stages designed to achieve credible results with each milestone: 1) Parallel Implementation of EMS/SCADA and WAMS systems with limited integration, 2) Widespread population of substations with PMUs and new generation IP telecommunications with deeper WAMS-EMS integration, 3) Decentralized supervision-only functionality at substation level (state estimation/reconciliation), and 4) Full implementation of iSAAC for supervision, protection and control.The fully implemented iSAAC system will usher in a new era of phasor measurements available at every element of the power system, a new generation of high band-width, highly connected telecommunications infrastructure, wide use of standardized communications protocols across the power system (e.g., 61850 and 61970), low cost, low maintenance computing platforms able to sustain substation environments and new developments of tools for power system analysis, protection and control. This com-pleted system will be an innovative model for national transmission systems for countries across the world that want to embrace and utilize recent technological advancements to cultivate stronger, more reliable and cost effective power systems. XM and Quanta Technology have continued to working together to further develop the iSAAC system and contribute to the system-wide improvements of electric power reliability in Colombia.

Advanced Synchrophasor Applications Continued from page 9

Mississippi State Honors AlumniNovosel among Bagley College of Engineering HonoreesThe James Worth Bagley College of Engineering at Mississippi State University honored Damir Novosel for his accomplishments and commitment to engineering and to his alma mater at its

annual Distinguished Fellows ceremony. The Bagley College’s Distin-guished Fellows program began in 1991 when 100 alumni were recognized in celebration of the college’s 100th anniversary. Each spring, new alumni fellows are inducted to recognize their demonstrated commitment and dedication to the engineering profession.

IEEE Supports White House QER to Improve America's Energy Transmission, Storage

& Distribution Infrastructure

The first installment of the Quadrennial Energy Review (QER) was released in late-April and highlighted at an event in Phila-delphia by Vice President Biden and DOE's Secretary Moniz on behalf of the Obama Administration.

IEEE's membership and Joint Task Force were actively engaged during the development of the QER at the request of the DOE. Among the recommendations in the report are for the DOE to work with industry experts, such as IEEE, to "identify addition-al efforts the Federal Government can take to better promote open standards that enhance connectivity and interoperabili-ty on the electric grid."

To see the full IEEE submission: http://www.ieee.pes.org/qer

Access the full version of the QER report: http://energy.gov/epsa/quadrennial-energy-review-qer


Line Protection Qualification by Real-Time Digital Simulation Testing for SEB, MalaysiaBy Solveig Ward and Juergen Holbach, Quanta Technology

In 2014, VI Consulting subcontracted Quanta Technology for a line protection qualification project for the state-owned utility, Sarawak Energy Berhad (SEB) that provides for the energy needs in the Sarawak region of Malaysia. The project was a real time digital simu-lation study for a portion of their 275 kV protection system. SEB was planning to replace eight relays applied on four of their 275 kV lines. This project included performing detailed Real-Time Digital Simu-lation (RTDS®) testing services to validate the performance of the protective relaying that will be replacing existing systems on the four lines. These four lines used electromechanical and solid state relays and the plan was to replace the 8 older relays with newer numerical relays from ABB (RED670) and Siemens (7SA61). In addition, Sar-awak also wanted Quanta Technology to translate settings from ABB type RAZFE solid state relays into the Siemens relays (7SA61).Quanta Technology was responsible for the development of the pow-er system model, the test plan, development of protection settings, test execution, and test evaluation and documentation.

Model Development & Verifications The first step towards RTDS testing was to develop an accurate and representative model of the system under study with greater modeling emphasis on the four 275 kV lines. Overall data of the system was provided by SEB in PSS/E format, which was imported into RSCAD. Once this was accomplished, the RSCAD model was refined. The CTs applied on the four lines were added since these elements were not present in the PSS/E file. The modeling of CTs was based on data provided by SEB, which included the magnetization curves, ratios and their exact locations. Relevant CCVTs were modeled using data provided by SEB and RSCAD default models, including the capacitance, inductances and resistor values associated with the CCVTs. The impedance data of the four lines was refined based on exact geometry of the line layout and other pertinent information provided by SEB. The model of the four lines under study was based on frequency dependence.The extent of the system represented was decided based on the PSS/E model that SEB provided. The reduction of the system was achieved by deriving appropriate equivalency and applying these equivalencies at appropriate locations. Mutual coupling between parallel lines was modeled in detail to capture the actual effects of mutual coupling on the operation of the relays.

Breakers applied at each terminal of the four lines were modeled, and open and close times specified by SEB were used. The testing was performed with the RTDS racks located at SEB's premises in Kuching, Sarawak. The four racks had enough capability to accom-modate the modeling of the system under study. The number of Omicron amplifiers and GTAO cards present at the RTDS facility in Kuching allowed simulation of four relays at any given time. Hence, the simulations were performed in two steps. The first step simulated protection at the two parallel MAM_275-MAT_275 lines with ABB relays type RED670. The second step simulated protection proposed for the two parallel lines between OYA_275-KEM_275 and OYA_275- ENG_275. All four relays applied on the latter two lines are Siemens type 7SA61 relays.The testing was performed on site. Quanta Technology developed test cases, automatic test plans and an automated evaluation macro for the COMTRADE files. During the on-site testing, test results were reviewed on a daily basis, questionable performance was evaluated, relay logic and settings were modified as needed, and application limitations were explained to the SEB engineers. The experience of the Quanta Technology engineers, not only from many years with protective relay applications, but also for the specific product experience (Dr. Juergen Holbach with Siemens relays, and Solveig Ward with ABB relays) enabled an efficient process. After fine tuning of relay logic and settings modifications, the line protec-tion schemes were fully validated. As a final step, Quanta Technology issued a detailed test report that not only included the actual test results, but also provided discussions and validation of logic changes and settings. As a result of Quanta Technology's and VI Consulting's work, the SEB system was strengthened and is now better equipped to handle future challenges. Quanta Technology looks forward to working with SEB and VI Consulting again in the future to continue fortifying and expanding the SEB system capabilities.

Dr. Juergen Holbach and Solveig Ward (center left) with SEB in the lab in Malaysia.


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Quanta Technology is an expertise-based, independent consulting company providing business and technical expertise to the energy and utility industries for deploying holistic and practical solutions that result in improved performance. Quanta Technology has grown to a client base of over 100 companies with an exceptional staff, many of whom are foremost industry experts for serving client needs.

We are a subsidiary of Quanta Services, Inc., headquartered in Houston, TX, (NYSE: PWR), member of the S&P 500, with 2014 revenues of $7.85 billion. The company is the largest specialty engineering constructor in North America, serving energy companies and communication utilities, according to McGraw Hill's ECN. More information is available at www.quantaservices.com.

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May 11-14 IEEE PSRC Meeting (San Antonio, TX) June 22-26 CAPE Users' Group Week (Ypsilanti, MI ) June 24-26 Southeastern Electric Exchange (Hershey, PA ) June 29-July 2 PAC World Conference (Glasgow, Scotland)

Leydi Zora, Engineer III, Protection & Control, has expertise in System Integrity Protection Schemes (SIPS), synchrophasor technology and advanced Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) applications. She has provided technical support for several projects in Ecuador and Colombia. Leydi holds an MS degree in Electrical Engineer-ing from Virginia Polytechnic Institute.

Hesam Mirzaee, Senior Engineer, Asset Operations, has a strong educational background in Power Electronics and Power Systems. He has over 8 years of field research, teaching and hands-on experience in design, modeling, digital simulation and implementa-tion of electrical systems.

Jeffery Tarvin, Advisor, Asset Operations, has more than 15 years' experience in product development and deployment, with specialization in project and program management. Jeff has project management expe-rience in hardware design, software development, engineering, product development, systems engineering, estimating and business analysis.

Brandon Stackhouse, IT Administra-tor, offers over 7 years of IT experi-ence in the corporate environment. He is responsible for all aspects of network, computer and technical sup-port required for Quanta Technology, interfacing with Quanta Technology leadership and Quanta Services IT management to support personnel and maintain office IT functionality.

Uriah Funches, IT Support Specialist, has a wide range of security experi-ence, including Information Security, Physical Security, Personnel Security, Automation and Industrial Security. SQL, Access and other architectures. Help Desk Tier I-III experience with troubleshooting, installing/uninstalling, providing repairs to hardware, and using IDS and IPS for activity alerts.

Congratulations to Sheila Moore!SHOOTING STAR AWARD

For significant contributions during Q1. Sheila has evolved into the type of versatile talent we need in our organization, as she has responsibil-ity in three critical areas that are very important to Quanta Technology.

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