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FMC Finishes Committee Approval FSC Approval Product Group Approval

Approved via Ballot #17-1003 Approved via Ballot 17-1004 Out for Ballot (#17-1006)

PUBLICATION NO.

AAMA 623-XX

Draft #17

Dated 11/30/17

Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for Organic Coatings on Fiber Reinforced

Thermoset Profiles

This voluntary specification was developed by representative members of AAMA as advisory information and published as a public service. AAMA disclaims all liability for the use, application or adaptation of materials published herein.

© Copyright 2018 American Architectural Manufacturers Association

1900 East Gold Road, Suite 1250, Schaumburg, IL 60173 Phone: 847/303-5664

E-Mail: [email protected] Web Site: www.aamanet.org

AAMA 623-XX, Draft #17, Dated 11/30/17 Page i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

0.0 PREFACE ............................................................................................................................................... 1

1.0 SCOPE .................................................................................................................................................... 1

2.0 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................................... 1

3.0 REFERENCED STANDARDS ................................................................................................................ 1

4.0 DEFINITIONS ......................................................................................................................................... 3

5.0 GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................... 3

6.0 TEST SPECIMENS ................................................................................................................................. 5

7.0 TESTS ..................................................................................................................................................... 5

8.0 Test Report And Results ....................................................................................................................... 19

mailto:[email protected]

AAMA 623-XX, Draft #17, Dated 11/30/17 Page 1

0.0 PREFACE

The architectural community has recognized the outstanding attributes associated with fiber reinforced thermoset

profiles for windows, doors and other related building products. Many of these profiles have organic applied coatings

to provide selected colors and enhance the durability. There are three performance specifications for applied

organic coatings on fiber reinforced thermoset profiles:

AAMA 623, Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for Organic Coatings on Fiber

Reinforced Thermoset Profiles;

AAMA 624, Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for High Performance

Organic Coatings on Fiber Reinforced Thermoset Profiles; and

AAMA 625, Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for Superior Performance

Organic Coatings on Fiber Reinforced Thermoset Profiles.

1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This specification describes test procedures and performance requirements for organic coatings applied to fiber

reinforced thermoset profiles for windows, doors and similar other related building products.

1.2 This specification covers factory applied coatings.

1.3 The primary units of measure in this document are metric. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as

the standard. The values given in parentheses are for reference only.

1.4 This document was developed in an open and consensus process and is maintained by representative members

of AAMA as advisory information.

2.0 PURPOSE

This specification is intended to assist the architect, owner and contractor to specify and obtain factory applied

organic coatings which will provide a good level of performance in terms of film integrity, exterior durability and

general appearance over a period of many years.

3.0 REFERENCED STANDARDS


3.1 References to the standards listed below shall be to the edition indicated. Any undated reference to a code or

standard appearing in the requirements of this standard shall be interpreted as to referring to the latest edition of

that code or standard.

3.2 American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA)

AAMA 624-10, Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for High Performance

Organic Coatings on Fiber Reinforced Thermoset Profiles

AAMA 625-10, Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for Superior Performance

Organic Coatings on Fiber Reinforced Thermoset Profiles

AAMA 800-10, Voluntary Specification and Test Method for Sealants

AAMA AG-0913, AAMA Glossary

3.3 ASTM International (ASTM)

ASTM C207-06(2011), Standard Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Purposes

ASTM D523-0814, Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss

ASTM D659-86, Standard Test Method of Evaluating Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paints

ASTM D714-02 (2009), Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints

ASTM D1729 -1696(2009), Standard Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-

Illuminated Opaque Materials,

ASTM D2244-09b15e115a, Standard Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from

Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates

ASTM D2247-101115, Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100% Relative Humidity

ASTM D2248- 01a(20072013), Standard Practice for Detergent Resistance of Organic Finishes

ASTM D3359-09e02, Standard Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test

ASTM D3363-05(2011)e2, Standard Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test


ASTM D4138-07a(2013), Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Protective Coating

Systems by Destructive, Cross-Sectioning Means

ASTM D4214-07(2015), Standard Test Methods for Evaluating the Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paint Films

ASTM D4541-09e1, Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers

ASTM D4585/D4585M-13-07, Standard Practice for Testing the Water Resistance of Coatings Using Controlled

Condensation

ASTM D5179-02 (2008), Standard Test Method for Measuring Adhesion of Organic Coatings to Plastic Substrates

by Direct Tensile Testing

ASTM D5420- 10, Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Flat, Rigid Plastic Specimen by Means of a

Striker Impacted by a Falling Weight (Gardner Impact)

ASTM G90-10, Standard Practice for Performing Accelerated Outdoor Weathering of Nonmetallic Materials Using

Concentrated Natural Sunlight

ASTM G179-04(2011), Standard Specification for Metal Black Panel and White Panel Temperature Devices for

Natural Weathering Tests

4.0 DEFINITIONS

4.1 The terms "film" and "coating" are used interchangeably in this specification and are defined as meaning the

layer of organic material applied to the surface of the fiber reinforced thermoset profiles.

4.2 Checking – A kind of coating failure in which many small cracks appear in the surface of the coating.

4.3 Crazing - aA network of checks or cracks appearing on a coated surface. Crazing is a phenomenon that

frequently precedes fracture in some glassy thermoplastic polymers. Crazing happens when a glaze or coating is

under tension.

4.2 4 For all additional definitions, please refer to the AAMA Glossary (AG-09132).

5.0 GENERAL

5.1 To qualify as meeting this specification, products tested shall meet all requirements as specified herein.


5.2 Applied coatings shall be visibly free from flow lines, streaks, blisters or other surface imperfections in the dry-

film state on exposed surfaces when observed at a distance of 3 m (10 ft) under a maximum of 860 Lux (80-foot

candles) of light from the coated surface, and inspected at an angle of 90° to the surface so as to eliminate direct

reflection.

5.3 Total dry-film thickness, as measured in accordance with ASTM D4138 or ASTM D5796, on exposed surfaces,

except inside corners and channels, shall meet the coating manufacturer’s recommendations. The manufacturer’s

targeted nominal thickness and allowable tolerance shall be noted in the lab report and the coating shall be

measured for compliance to this nominal value.

5.3 Total dry-film thickness on exposed surfaces, except inside corners and channels, shall be a minimum of 20

microns (0.8 mils) total film thickness, or greater if required by the coating manufacturer.

5.3.1 Measurement areas over a single test specimen taken according to ASTM D4138 shall be evenly dispersed

over the significant exposed area. 80% of those measurements shall meet or exceed the minimum dry film

thickness. In no case shall measurements be below 17 microns (0.68 mil) or 85% of film thickness specified.required

by the coating manufacturer.

NOTE 1: Due to the complexities and limitations of application equipment, it may not be possible to achieve

minimum recommended dry film thickness on all areas of a profile, such as inside corners and channels. For details

of these affected areas, contact the coating applicator prior to finishing.

5.4 Cleaning and surface preparation shall be as recommended by the coating and substrate suppliers’ to to ensure

compliance with the performance requirements.

5.5 Minor scratches and blemishes shall be repairable with the coating manufacturer’s recommended product or

system. Such repair product or system shall match the original finish for color and gloss. Specimen testing of the

repair procedure shall demonstrate adhesion to the original coating when tested as outlined in Section 7.4.1, Dry

Adhesion.

NOTE 2: The size and number of touch-up repairs should be kept to a minimum.

5.6 Sealant used in contact with an organic coating shall be compatible with the organic coating and meets the

performance requirements of the AAMA 800 Voluntary Specifications and Test Methods for SealantsSealant

Specification. There shall be no evidence of deleterious effects on the organic coating such as staining, coating

separation, lifting, discoloration or loss of adhesion of the coating from the substrate.

NOTE 3: The fabricator of the finished products should consult the sealant supplier in selection of the sealant which

will exhibit adequate adhesion to the coated surface. Panel specimens of the specific coating to be used should be


submitted to the sealant manufacturer for tests and recommendations. Peel adhesion testing as described in AAMA

800 is suggested.

5.7 Color measurements shall be madespecified in accordance with AAMA CMR-1.use the Hunter scale. Also see

Section 7.1.3.

6.0 TEST SPECIMENS

A minimum of 30 specimens shall be representative of the fiber reinforced thermoset substrates used in production.

Submitted test specimens shall be a minimum of 150 mm (6 in) long and preferably 50 mm (2 in) wide with flat

coated surfaces on which to conduct instrument measurements. The coating applicator shall indicate exposed

surfaces or submit drawings. Tests shall be performed on exposed areas as indicated on drawings or as marked

on test specimens.

7.0 TESTS

7.1 Color Uniformity

7.1.1 Principle

The purpose of this test is to provide a method to ensure colors ofin production applied coatings match the

expectations of the specifier. Although instrumental color measurements are recommended in many applications,

visual observations under controlled lighting conditions are useful in production environments for determining

significant color mismatches and uniformity throughout a profile.

7.1.1 2 Procedure

Check random specimens visually under a CIE Standard Illuminant D65/10° uniform light source, according to

ASTM D1729such as a MacBeth daylight lamp or the North daylight sky. . Specimens shall meet minimum dry-film

thickness requirements and should be viewed head-onperpendicular to the coated surface.

7.1.2 3 Performance

Color uniformity shall be consistent with the color range or numerical value as established between the approval

source and the applicator.

NOTE 4: Color and finish appearance may vary upon factory application due to differences in equipment, line

conditions or day-to-day process variations. It is strongly recommended that final color approval limits be made with

actual production line specimens or mock-ups, not laboratory prepared color panels. Since flake orientation


contributes to color uniformity, pearlescent, mica and metallic flake colors do present the need for more stringent

control in application and consideration during project design and installation.

7.2 Specular Gloss

7.2.1 Principle

Gloss represents the ability of a surface to reflect light at the same angle of incidence as the incoming source. High

gloss surfaces scatter less light than low gloss surfaces. A gloss specification can be important because visual

perception of color can be significantly affected by the glossiness of the surface. Furthermore, change in gloss of a

surface over time may be an early indicator of degradation of, or physical damage to the finish.

7.2.1 2 Procedure

Measure the gloss in accordance with ASTM D523, using a 60° Gloss Meter and using reflective specular included

readings (RSIN).

7.2.2 3Performance

Gloss values shall fall within the range established between the approval source and the applicator, or +/- 5 units

of the average if no range is provided.

Gloss values on the test specimens shall be within ± 5 units of manufacturer’s recommended values.

NOTE 35: Standard Gloss Range Reference Values are:

Gloss Specular Gloss Units High 80 - Over Medium 20 -79 Low 19 or less

7.3 Dry Film Hardness

7.3.1 Principle

ASTM D3363 describes a procedure for determining the dry film hardness of a coating by using a series of standard

pencil leads of varying hardness to attempt to scratch the surface. The film hardness rating is determined by the

hardest highest rated pencil lead that fails to penetrate or gouge the coating film all the way to the substrate. This

is a different rating from a scratch rating which is determined by the hardest highest rated pencil lead that fails to

scratch or indent the surface.

7.3.21 Procedure


Perform testing on a flat portion of the profile specimen. Ensure the specimen is firmly held in place.When testing

profiles, either cut a section of the specimen to create a flat area for testing or support the specimen such that it is

held firmly in place. Perform the test according to ASTM D3363. For certification purposes, ambient conditions in

ASTM D3363 shall apply; for quality control purposes, ambient conditions of approximately 18oC to 27oC (65oF to

80oF) are acceptable.

Wood pencils or sticks of leads with a holder may be used. A range of lead hardness will be used. Maximum hardness

should consider the dry film hardness represented by the coating manufacturer. Expose approximately 5 to 6 mm (3/16 to

1/4 in) of undisturbed, unmarked, smooth cylindrical lead from the pencil or lead holder. To prepare the tip, place the lead

at an angle of 90° to abrasive paper (grit No. 400) and rub the lead until a flat, smooth, and circular cross-section is

obtained, free of chips or nick in the edge of the cross-section.

Place the coated substrate on a level, firm, horizontal surface. Assure 5 to 6 mm of the lead is exposed beyond

the holder or the wood of the pencil. Beginning with the hardest lead, hold the pencil firmly with the lead against

the coating film at a 45° angle (point away from the operator) and push away from the operator. The suggested

length of the stroke is 6.5 mm (0.25 in).

Exert sufficient uniform pressure downward and forward either to cut or scratch the coating film or to crumble the

edge of the lead. Repeat the process down the hardness scale until a pencil is found that will not cut through the

film to the substrate for a distance of at least 3 mm (1/8 in). Record the lead hardness. Minimum allowable

hardness for this test is grade “H.”

Make a minimum of two determinations of the lead hardness for both scratch and gouge. (ReferencASTM

D3363.)

Strip wood from Berol Eagle Turquoise Pencil, or equivalent grade H minimum hardness, leaving a full diameter

of lead exposed to length of 6 mm (1/4 in) minimum to 10 mm (3/8 in) maximum. Flatten the end of the lead 90° to

pencil axis using fine-grit sand or emery paper. Hold the pencil at a 45° angle to the film surface and push forward

about 6 mm (1/4 in) using as much downward pressure as can be applied without breaking the lead. (Reference

ASTM D3363.)

7.3.32 Performance

There shall be no rupture of through the film to the substrate when conducting the test with an H rated lead. Report

the make and grade of the pencil, or lead used in testing., Reportfor both the gouge or cut and scratch hardness.

7.4 Film Adhesion

7.4.1 Principle


ASTM D3359 describes test procedures to determine how well a coating film adheres to its substrate. Method B

requires cutting parallel lines with a sharp blade and adhering a specific tape to the resulting grid pattern, which is

often referred to as a cross hatch. The tape is pulled off at a specified angle. Any loss of coating film within the grid

is quantified and a rating made accordingly. This method is used for coating thicknesses less than 125 micron (5.0

mils), referred to hereafter as thin coatings.

For coating film thicknesses of 125 microns (5.0 mils) or greater, referred to hereafter as thick coatings, testing is

performed according to ASTM D4541 or D5179, which describe similar test procedures to determine how well a

coating film adheres to its substrate using a dolly pull method. A round metal plug (dolly) is adhered to the surface

with a strong adhesive. In the method referenced in this document, a pulling force is applied to the dolly until material

delaminates from the specimen. For a coating to pass this test, the surface area adhered to the dolly must contain

substrate material and not solely the coating film.

7.4.12 Dry Adhesion Procedure for Thin and Thick Coatings

7.4.12.1 Dry Adhesion Procedure for Thin Coatings

7.4.2.1.1

When testing profiles, either cut a section of the specimen to create a flat area for testing or support the specimen

such that it is held firmly in place while making the cuts

7.4.2.1.2

For coating thicknesses less than 125 micron (5.0 mils), perform the test according to ASTM D3359 Method B. For

coatings with a total dry film thickness of 50 microns (2.0 mils) or less, make 11 parallel cuts, 1 mm (.039 inches)

apart through the film; then make 11 similar cuts at a 90 degree angle to and across the first 11. For coatings with

a total dry film thickness between 50 micron (2.0 mils) and 125 micron (5.0 mils), space the cuts 2 mm (0.079 in)

apart and make six parallel cuts through the film; then make six similar cuts at a 90 degree angle to and across the

first six.

7.4.2.1.3

The following exceptions and clarifications to ASTM D3359 Method B apply. When making the cuts, cut at a 45

degree orientation to the fibers and cut with sufficient pressure to penetrate to the substrate while minimizing scoring

of the substrate. Pull the tape at a 90 degree angle relative to the specimen instead of the angle specified in ASTM

D3359. For certification purposes, ambient conditions in ASTM D3359 shall apply; for quality control purposes,

ambient conditions of approximately 18°C to 27°C (65°F to 80°F) are acceptable.

For coatings with a total dry film thickness of 50 microns (2.0 mils) or less, make 11 parallel cuts, 1 mm(.039 inches)

(1/160.039 in) apart through the film at 45 degree orientation to the fibers with a razor sharp blade cutting device

and with sufficient pressure to cut coating and minimize scoring of substrate.. Make 11 similar cuts at a 90° angle

to and crossing the first 11 cuts. Apply tape (CHT-1 or agreed upon ASTM equivalent) over area of the cuts by


pressing down firmly against the coating to eliminate voids and air pockets. Then, sharply pull the tape off at a right

angle to the plane of the surface being tested. Test pieces shall be at an ambient temperature approximately 18oC

to 27oC (65oF to 80oF). (Reference ASTM D3359, Method B, Tape Pull.)

7.4.1.1.12.2 Dry Adhesion Performance of Thin Coatings

Count the number of squares that exhibit loss of coating. A minimum rating of 4B per ASTM D3359 shall be

achieved. Report the loss of adhesion as a percentage of the total squares of the cross hatch. There shall be no

removal of film under tape within or outside of cross-hatched area or blistering anywhere on the test specimen.

Squares exhibiting substrate cohesive failure shall not be included as affected area. If more than 10% of squares

exhibit substrate cohesive failure, testing shall be repeated with less scoring pressure.

Report the loss of adhesion as a percentage of squares affected (i.e. 10 squares lifted as 10% failure). There shall

be no removal of film under tape within or outside of cross-hatched area or blistering anywhere on the test specimen.

Squares exhibiting substrate cohesive failure shall not be included as affected area. If more than 10% of squares

exhibit cohesive failure, testing shall be repeated with less scoring pressure. Report the loss of adhesion as a

percentage of squares affected (i.e. 10 squares lifted as 10% failure).

7.4.1.2 Procedure

For coatings with a total dry film thickness between 50 micron (2.0 mils) and 125 micron (5.0 mils), space the cuts

2 mm (1/80.079 in) apart and make six parallel cuts .through the filmat 45 degree orientation to the fibers. with

sufficient pressure to cut coating and minimize scoring of substrateMake six similar parallel cuts at a 90º angle to

and across the first six cuts. Perform the test procedure as described in Section 7.4.1.1.

7.4.2.3 Dry Adhesion Procedure for Thick Coatings

For coatings with a total dry film thickness of 125 microns (5.0 mils) or greater, use the dolly pull test method in

accordance with ASTM D5179 or ASTM D4541. Apply a minimum of six dollies, which can be made from aluminum

or steel, to a section large enough to perform the test and covering a minimum of 1.83 linear meters (8 linear feet)

of profile. Allow for the adhesive manufacturer’s recommended cure time and temperature before conducting the

pull test.

A minimum of six valid pulls shall be achieved on the test surface. A valid pull consists of the adhesion of the coating

to a minimum of 50% of the dolly’s surface area.

7.4.1.2.12.4 Dry Adhesion Performance of Thick Coatings

The bonded surface shall exhibit delamination of substrate fiber, resin, fillers or a combination of component from

the profile. Of the six pulls, a minimum of five shall exhibit some evidence of substrate removal for passing the

adhesion performance.


Report the loss of adhesion as a percentage of squares affected (i.e. as a percentage of the 25 squares).There

shall be no removal of film under tape within or outside of cross-hatched area or blistering anywhere on test

specimen. Squares exhibiting substrate cohesive failure shall not be included as affected area. If more than 10%

of squares exhibit cohesive failure, testing shall be repeated with less scoring pressure.Report the loss of adhesion

as a percentage of squares affected (i.e. as a percentage of the 25 squares).

7.4.1.3 Procedure

For coatings with a total dry film thicknesses at and overof 125 microns (5.0 mils) or greater, use the dolly pull test

method in accordance with ASTM D5179 and ASTM D4541. Use a suitable adhesive to bond the test dollies, which

can be made of aluminum or stainless steel, to the surface of the coating and providing a bond strength greater

than the adhesive force of the coating to the substrate. Apply a minimum of six dollies to a section capable in size

to perform the test and covering a minimum of 1.83 linear meters (8 linear feet) of profile. Allow for the adhesive

manufacturer’s recommended cure time and temperature before conducting the pull test.

7.4.1.3.1 Performance

A minimum of six valid pulls shall be achieved on the test surface. A valid pull consists of the adhesion of the coating

to a minimum of 50% of the dolly’s surface area. Any adhesive failure in the bond between the dolly and coating

shall not be in excessive of 50% of the dolly surface area. The bonded surface shall exhibit delamination of substrate

fiber, resin, fillers or a combination of component from the profile. Of the six pulls, a minimum of five shall exhibit

some evidence of substrate removal for passing the adhesion performance.

7.4.2 3 Wet Adhesion

7.4.23.1 Wet Adhesion Procedure for Thin and Thick Coatings

Immerse the specimen in distilled or deionized water at 38oC (100°F) for 24 hours. Remove and wipe specimen

dry. Repeat the adhesion test specified in Section 7.4.2.1 or Section 7.4.2.3 within fivethirty30 minutes of the

specimen being dryremoved from water.

Immerse the specimen in distilled or deionized water at 38oC (100°F) for 24 hours. Remove and wipe specimen

dry. Repeat the adhesion test specified in Section 7.4.1.1, Section 7.4.1.2 or Section 7.4.1.3 within five minutes of

the specimen being dry.

7.4.23.1.1 Wet Adhesion Performance of Thin Coatings

For coatings with a total dry film thickness of 50 microns (2.0 mils) or less, there shall be no removal of film under

the tape within or outside of the cross-hatched area or blistering anywhere on the test specimen. Report the loss of

adhesion as a percentage of squares affected (i.e. 10 squares lifted as 10% failure).

Performance shall meet requirements specified in Section 7.4.2.2.

Commented [TBaskin1]: Should read 38oC ±2º C?


7.4.2.1.2 Performance

For coatings with a total dry film thickness between 50 microns (2.0 mils) and 125 microns (5.0 mils), there shall be

no removal of film under the tape with or outside to the cross hatched area or blistering anywhere on the test

specimen. Report the loss of adhesion as a percentage of the 25 squares.

7.4.23.1.32 Wet Adhesion Performance for Thick Coatings

Performance shall meet requirements specified in Section 7.4.2.4.

For coatings with a total dry film thicknessat andofover 125 microns (5 mils) or greater, a minimum of five test pulls

of six valid test dollies shall exhibit substrate removal per Section 7.4.1.3.1

NOTE 5: Fractured substrate adhering to the back of the coating should not be considered a coating failure when

the tape test is used.

NOTE 6: Color change may occur and is not part of this test.

7.5 Direct Impact

7.5.1 Principle ASTM D5420 describes a method to compare relative ability of a material to resist deformation caused by physical

impact on a small area. In finishes standards, this test is useful in determining the ability of a coating or laminate to

maintain adhesion to the substrate after impact and applying a tape pull off test.

7.5.1 2 Procedure

Perform the test using a falling weight impactor, such as a Gardner Impact tester, with a 18 N-m (160 in-lb) range.

Useing a 16 mm (5/8 in) diameter round-nosed impact tester tup, and a 16.3 mm support plate. This corresponds

to geometry GC in Table 1 of ASTM D5420. ,Using a 1.8 kg (4 lb) weight, aAapply a 9 N-m (80 in-lb) load directly

to the coated surface of the test specimen. Apply tape specified in sSection 7.4 to the coating (of sufficient size to

cover the test area) by pressing down firmly against the area to be tested to eliminate voids and air pockets. Sharply

pull the tape off at a right angle to the plane of the surface being tested. The test specimen temperature shall be

18oC to 27oC (65oF to 80oF).

7.5.2 3 Performance

There shall be no removal of film from substrate.

NOTE 76: Minute cracking at the perimeter of the impact area of the test specimen is permissible, but no coating

pick-off should be apparent. Performance does not include substrate fracture.


Note: There is not enough specificity in the above paragraph to run the test. It needs to specify the height and

weight and not just the load (you can get the same load with different weight and height combinations--2 lb, 4 lb, 8

lb are common weights) and the diameter of the specimen support plate

7.6 Chemical Resistance

7.6.1 Muriatic Acid Resistance (15 Minute Spot Test)

7.6.1.1 Principle:

This test is designed to ensure coatings are resistant to cleaning products containing acids used to remove mineral

deposits or construction mortars. Specimens are exposed to muriatic (hydrochloric) acid, rinsed, and evaluated for

loss of adhesion and degraded color and gloss.

7.6.1.21 Procedure

Apply 10 drops of 10% (by volume) solution of muriatic acid (37% commercial grade hydrochloric acid) in tap water

on the specimen and cover with a watch glass, convex side up. Acid solution and test shall be conducted at 18oC

to 27oC (65oF to 80oF). After 15 minute exposure, wash off with running tap water. Conduct a minimum of four tests.

7.6.1.32 Performance

There shall be no blistering. When comparing the exposed paintedfinish surface to the unexposed surface, there

shall be a minimum 90% gloss retention and a maximum color change of 5 ∆ E Units calculated in accordance with

ASTM D2244.

7.6.2 Mortar Resistance (24 Hour Pat Test)

7.6.2.1 Principle

Because finishes may be exposed to mortar during building construction or maintenance, this method was

developed to determine how well a finish resists permanent adhesion of mortar and changes in appearance upon

removal of mortar. In the test, mortar is applied and allowed to condition at high humidity before it is removed from

the surface by a damp cloth and a mild acid solution. Then the appearance is evaluated for loss of gloss and color

change.

7.6.2.1 2 Procedure


Prepare mortar by mixing 75 g (2.6 oz) of building lime (see ASTM C207) and 225 g (8 oz) of dry sand, both passing

through a 10-mesh wire screen and sufficient water, approximately 100 g (3.5 oz), to make a soft paste. Immediately

apply wet pats of mortar about 1300 mm2 (2 in2) in area and 12 mm (1/2 in) in thickness to coated specimens which

have been properly cured per the supplier’s recommendation. Immediately expose test sections for 24 hours to

>95100% relative humidity at 38°C±2º C (100oF). Conduct a minimum of four tests.

7.6.2.2 3 Performance

Mortar shall dislodge easily from paintedfinish surface, and any residue shall be removable with a damp cloth. Any

lime residue shall be easily removed with the 10% muriatic acid solution described in Section 7.6.1.21. There shall

be no visible loss of film adhesion, i.e. blistering, delamination and/or bubbling. When comparing the exposed

paintedfinished surface to the unexposed surface, there shall be a minimum of 90% gloss retention and a maximum

color change of 5 ∆ E Units calculated in accordance with ASTM D2244.

NOTE 7: Reference earlier sections for methods of measuring gloss and color.

7.7 Detergent Resistance

7.7.1 Principle

This test, described in ASTM D2248, is used to determine the ability of a finish to maintain adhesion to the substrate

and to resist color and gloss change when subjected to a standardized detergent. This test is designed to accelerate

the effects of repeated cleaning of a finish on a fenestration product.

7.7.1 2 Procedure

Prepare a 3% (by weight) solution of detergent as prescribed in ASTM D2248 and distilled water. Immerse 50% of

the surface of at least two test specimens in the detergent solution at 38°±12º C C (100°F) for 72 hours. Withdrawn

the specimens, wash with distilled water, and allow the specimens to dry. Immediately apply tape (CHT-1 or agreed

upon ASTM equivalent) 20 mm (3/4 in) wide by pressing down firmly against the coating to eliminate voids and air

pockets. Place the tape longitudinally along the entire length of the test specimens. If blisters are visible, then the

blistered area shall be taped and rated. Sharply pull the tape off at a right angle to the plane of the surface being

tested, per ASTM D3359. A typical solid detergent composition is as follows.


Raw Materials Parts by Weight

Tetrasodium pyrophosphate (Na4P2O7) anhydrous 53.0

Sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), anhydrous 19.0

Sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3), anhydrous 7.0

Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), anhydrous 1.0

Sodium salt of a linear alkylarylsulfonate 90% flake grade 20.0

TOTAL 100.0

TABLE 1: Needs TitleDetergent Composition

7.7.2 3 Performance

here shall be no loss of adhesion of the film to the fiber reinforced thermoset profiles when tested in accordance

with Section 7.4.2, There shall be no loss of adhesion of the coating film to the fiber reinforced thermoset profiles,

and no blistering of the coating., and wWhen comparing the exposed paintedfinish surface to the unexposed

surface, there shall be a minimum of 95% gloss retentionmaximum gloss change of +/-10% and a maximum color

change of 52 ∆ E Units (Hunter) -of color change calculated in accordance with ASTM D2244 when comparing

measurements on the detergent exposed paintedfinish surface and the unexposed surface.

NOTE 8: New colors may be qualified without the chemical exposure testing in this section provided the colors are

produced with the same pigments, in the same resin system as a color on which passing test data is available and

which is within ±10 Hunter Units in lightness (L).”

7.8 Humidity Resistance

7.8.1 Principle

The ability to resist moisture is a critical function of any finish. This test subjects specimens to condensing humidity

for an extended period before they are visually evaluated for the formation of blisters which indicate loss of adhesion.

7.8.1 2 Procedure

Expose the specimen in a controlled heat-and-humidity cabinet for 1500 hours at 38oC ±2º C (100oF) and 100%

RHcondensing humidity (greater than 95% RH) with cabinet operated in accordance with ASTM D2247 or ASTM

D4585.

7.8..2 3 Performance

There shall be no formation of blisters to extent greater than "Few" blisters Size No. 8 as shown in Figure No. 4 of

ASTM D714.


7.9 Cold Crack Cycle

7.9.1 Principle

This test determines the effect of freezing and thawing on a finish. Specimens are placed in a condensing humidity

environment for a day24 hours, then transferred to a freezer at -23°C. Specimens are then allowed to thaw for 4

hours. This cycle is repeated 15 times and then specimens are evaluated visually for cracks, blisters, or any other

signs of degradation.

7.9.1 2 Procedure

7.9.12.1 Support the specimens so that they will be held in a position 0 to 30° from the vertical and in such a manner

as to prevent contact between the panels during the test.

7.9.12.2 Place the specimens in a humidity cabinet operated in accordance with ASTM D2247 or ASTM D4585 at

38°C (100°F) ± 2°C ( x°F) and 100%condensing humidity (greater than 95 % relative humidity RH) for a period of

24 ± ½ hours. Then transfer them to the cold box at -23°C ± 1.52°C (-10°F ± 3°F) allowing a maximum of 30 seconds

for the transfer. Leave the specimens in the cold box for a period of 20 ± 1/2 hours.

7.9.12.3 Remove the specimens and allow them to remain at room temperature for a period of 4 ± ½ hours., during

which they shall be time rated., Tthis constitutes one cycle. Run the test for 15 cycles. During any interruption of

the normal cycling, as on weekends, always leave the specimens in the cold box.

7.9.2 3 Performance

There shall be no loss of adhesion of the film to the fiber reinforced thermoset profiles when tested in accordance

with Section 7.4.2.

There shall be no cracking, loss of adhesionblistering, change of color or other detrimental effects, including visual

differences to the coating.

7.10 Oven Aging

7.10.1 Principle

This test determines the ability of a finish to resist degradation due to high temperatures and high humidity for an

extended period of time. Specimens are placed in an oven controlled at 60oC and then placed in an environment of

condensing humidity. Then they are evaluated for pencil hardness and loss of adhesion.


7.10.1 2 Procedure

Insert two sets of test specimens in an air circulating oven at 60oC ± 2°C (140oF) for seven days. Within one hour

of removal from oven Remove place the specimens and place them in 100%condensing humidity (at 38°C and

greater than 95% humidityRH)(note: at what temperature?) for 96 hours. Allow the specimens to cool to room

temperature. Test Set 1 for film hardness as per Section 7.3.21, and test Set 2 for film adhesion as per Section

7.4.12.

7.10.2 3 Performance

Film hardness shall be an F minimum. There shall be no loss of adhesion of the film to the fiber reinforced thermoset

profiles when tested in accordance with Section 7.4.2There shall be no loss of adhesion.

7.11 Weather Exposure

7.11.1 Principle

Sunlight, temperature, and moisture in the outdoor environment degrades materials such as coatings, polymeric

profiles, and others used in fenestration products. South Florida is considered a global benchmark location for

outdoor weathering tests, due to its constant high levels of sunlight, heat, and moisture. In the vast majority of

cases, a material that performs well in this environment will perform well in major international markets. An

alternative method in this document uses sunlight concentrators located in Arizona, as described in ASTM G90, to

accelerate the effects of multiple years of equivalent radiation as is experienced in South Florida. The Nighttime

Wetting (NTW) cycle sprays water on samples at cycle frequencies specified by ASTM G90. The device is

oriented in such a way that a sample surface angle of 5 degrees is achieved so that wetting may better simulate

South Florida conditions for materials sensitive to moisture.Nightime Wetting spray (NTW) sprays water on

samples at cycle frequencies specified by ASTM G90. The device is angle in such a way that a sample surface

angle of 5 degrees is achieved so wetting may better simulate South Florida moisture condition for moisture

sensitive materials.12

These devices include water spray to introduce moisture cycling in an effort to cause moisture uptake such as

that is experienced in South Florida. Specimens are sprayed at night time to mimic specimen wetting after sunset

in Florida. After weathering exposure, specimens may be evaluated for a number of appearance and physical

properties, including color, gloss, cracking, tape adhesion, and others.


7.11.1 2 Exposure

Actual South Florida Exposure at an acceptable site. Test sites and duration for on-fence testing are acceptable as

follows: Florida Exposure south of Latitude 27° North at a 45° angle facing south for a minimum of one year.

Accelerated outdoor weathering using concentrated natural sunlight with night time wetting (NTW) for 290 MJ Total

Ultra-Violet Radiation (TUVR) will be an approved alternative to the South Florida testing.

The coating shall maintain its film integrity and at a minimum meet the following color retention, chalk resistance,

gloss retention and erosion resistance properties. Time elapsed when the coating is off the test fence for evaluation,

or other purposes, shall not be counted as part of the exposure minimum. The architect, owner or contractor shall

request data relative to the long-term durability of the color(s) selected. Access to exposure panels must be made

available to the architect and/or owner upon request.

7.11.12.1 Test requirements for concentrated outdoor weathering with natural sunlight are acceptable as follows:

Arizona hot desert exposure at approximately Latitude 34º North using concentrated natural sunlight exposure

device manufactured, maintained and operated in accordance with ASTM G90 for a minimum of 290 MJ TUVR. To

simulate daytime temperatures observed in the summer in South Florida, the daytime black-panel temperature shall

be controlled at a set-point of 70ºC, (158ºF) with an allowable operational fluctuation of ± 5ºC (± 9ºF) under clear

sky conditions. Refer to ASTM G179 for guidance on the construction, calibration, and maintenance of black- or

white- panels. To simulate the South Florida Environment, Cycle 3, consisting of four hourly cycles of spraying with

deionized water for three minutes, followed by a dry time of 12 minutes as specified in Table 1 of ASTM G90, shall

be used.

The spray cycle shall be performed nightly from 7:00 PM to 5:00 AM. The specimens shall be exposed using the

non-insulated specimen mounting configuration in accordance with ASTM G90.

NOTE 9: This specification recognizes that accelerated outdoor weathering using concentrated natural sunlight

testing and the direct South Florida exposure testing have no direct correlation. At their discretion, the manufacturer

may test to either or both test methods.

NOTE 10: Radiant exposure is measured using the pyranometers, pyrheliometers, and ultraviolet radiometers as

described in ASTM G90, or as otherwise agreed to with the customer. By varying the irradiance to a percentage of

the maximum value, lower specimen and black-panel temperatures can be achieved.

7.11.2 3 Film Integrity



There shall be no checking, crazing of the coating film and no loss of adhesion after the tape pull test outlined in

Section 7.4.1.2.

NOTE 11: Evidence of crazing will be most visible on clear or light color samples.

7.11.3 4 Color Retention

7.11.4.1 Procedure

After weathering exposure (per Section 7.1311.2), measure the exposed coated surface and the control specimen

using a spectrophotometer . The procedure shall be in accordance with ASTM D2244, Section 6.3 and using the

reflectance-specular included (RSIN) method. Corresponding values shall be measured on the original retained

specimen or the unexposed area of the specimen. A portion of the exposed area specimen shall be washed lightly

to remove surface dirt only using clear water and a soft cloth. Heavy scrubbing or any polishing to remove chalk

formation or restore the surface is not permitted where color measurements are made.


There shall be a maximum ofless than 5 ∆ E Units (Hunter) of color change using CIE Standard Illuminant D65 with

10° Observer as calculated in accordance with ASTM D2244, after the minimum one year of exposure test per

Section 7.11.23.2 Color change shall be measured using specular included readings on the exposed paintedfinish

surface which has been cleaned of external deposits with clear water and a soft cloth. Tests started under the

previous version of this standard (prior to the publication of this specification revision) using a different illuminant,

observer or specular component shall continue to use those original parameters until the completion of the tests.

Corresponding values shall be measured on the original retained specimen or the unexposed area of the specimen.

A portion of the exposed specimen may be washed lightly to remove surface dirt only. Heavy scrubbing or any

polishing to remove chalk formation or restore the surface is not permitted where color measurements are made.

NOTE 1112: New colors, whether formulated by a coatings manufacturer or blended by an applicator, according to

a coating manufacturer’s specifications, may be qualified without the exposure test per Section 7.11, provided they

are:

1. produced with the same pigments in the same coating resin system as a color on which acceptable one

year test data is available and;

2. within the ± 10 Hu Units in lightness (L) of that color in accordance with ASTM D2244.

7.11.4 5 Chalk Resistance



Chalk rating shall be greater than or equal to no more thanthat represented by a No. 8 rating for colors, and No. 6

for whites, based on ASTM D4214, Test Method A (Method ASTM D659) after exposure at the test site per Section

7.11.

8.0 TEST REPORT AND RESULTS

8.1 Test report shall include the following information:

8.1.1 Date when tests were performed and date of issue of report.

8.1.2 Identification of organic coating and/or coating system tested, including production date, lot number, cure

conditions and pretreatment data, manufacturer thereof and name of company submitting coated specimens used

in the test.

8.1.3 Copy of drawings submitted showing exposed surfaces.

8.1.4 Test results.

8.1.5 A statement indicating that organic coating and/or coating system tested passed all tests or failed one or more.

8.1.6 In case of failure, which test(s) and description of failure(s).

8.1.7 Statement that all tests were conducted in accordance with this standard.

8.1.8 Name and address of the laboratory which conducted tests and issued report.

voluntary specification, performance requirements … · voluntary specification, performance ......

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