Volunteer Marine Rescue

TDM MF1007B 4

BurnsCare for Burns

•Cool the burned area

•Cover the burned area

•Prevent infection

•Minimise shock

•Call an ambulance for serious burns

Burns

NO Adhesive Dressings

NO Ointments, Oils or Fat.

DO NOT Break Blisters or remove loose skin.

DO NOT Remove material, Bitumen, Toffee, Melted Synthetic Fabric.

DO NOT Apply Ice Directly to Burns.

Inhalation of Fumes

Symptoms and Signs

• Breathing difficulties.• Burns or stains around the mouth or nose.• Skin colour pale, cyanotic or turning cherry pink• Listlessness• Disorientation• Confusion• Symptoms and signs of shock• Collapse

Heat and Cold

Blood Vessels

Radiated Heat

Skin Surface

The Body’s Reaction

Hypothermia

What is Hypothermia

Hypothermia occurs when the body is unable to generate enough heat to replace that being lost to the

environment and the core temperature drops below 350

C.

Hypothermia is a MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Hypothermia

37o

26o

35o

33o

30o

Normal Body Temperature

Hypothermia Develops

Cardiac Malfunction

Unconscious

Irreversible

The effects of Hypothermia

Hypothermia

Signs and Symptoms

37o

26o

35o

33o

30o

Pale Skin

Cold to Touch

Shivering

Loss of Muscle Coordination

Slurring of Speech

Behavioural Changes

Slow Pulse / Respiration

Loss of Consciousness

• Don’t massage or rub the person. • Move the person out of the cold.• Remove wet clothing. • Try to warm the person.• Share body heat.• Don’t give alcohol.• Do not leave the person alone.• Continually monitor breathing.• Don’t assume the person is dead.• Seek medical aid.

Hypothermia

First aid for all cases of hypothermia

These first aid tips apply to all stages of hypothermia:

• Heat stress is a serious hazard in the workplace as well as at home.

• Excessive heat can place an abnormal stress on your body.

• When your body temperature rises even a few degrees above normal (which is about 37.1 degrees Celsius) you can experience – muscle cramps– become weak– disoriented– dangerously ill

HyperthermiaSummer Heat

First aid for heat cramps will vary.

• The best care is:– Rest– Move to a cool environment– Drink plenty of water- No soft drinks, Soda

Water, or Alcohol. – Electrolyte fluids such as Gatorade may also

be used.

HyperthermiaHeat Cramps- First Aid

• Rest in the shade or cool place. • Drink plenty of water (preferred) or electrolyte

fluids.• Loosen clothing to allow the body to cool.• Use cool wet rags too aid cooling.

First Aid

Heat Exhaustion

This is a serious medical condition that urgently requires medical attention.

Sweating is diminished or absent, which makes the skin hot and dry.

Body temperature is very high (410 C. and rising).

Heat Stroke

You’re Out of Time

• Mental confusion • Delirium• Chills• Dizziness• Loss of

consciousness

Heat Stroke

Signs and Symptoms

• Convulsions or Coma.

• A body temperature of 40.50 C or higher.

• Hot, dry skin that may be red, mottled or bluish.

• A strong fast pulse.

• If you suspect someone is suffering from heat stroke, call an ambulance immediately

• Their condition will rapidly deteriorate

• You must provide care immediately

Rapid Response

Heat Stroke

• This is a Medical Emergency!!

• Brain damage and death are possible

• Until medical help arrives, move the victim from the heat and into a cool place

First Aid

Heat Stroke

Call 000

• You must use extreme caution when soaking clothing or applying water to a victim. Shock may occur if done to quickly or with water too cool.

• Soak his or her clothes with water and use a fan or ice packs.

• Douse the body continuously with a cool liquid and summon medical aid immediately.

First Aid

Heat Stroke

Bites & Stings

• Snake Bite (Land & Sea).

• Marine Stingers

• Spiders, Scorpion, Centipede & Ants

• Bush Ticks

• Bees & Wasps.

Bites & Stings

Pressure Immobilisation

• Snakes (Land & Sea).

• Box Jelly Fish – Also requires Vinegar application

• Cone Shell

• Funnel Web Spider

• Blue Ringed Octopus

• All Bites that cause an allergic reaction.

Pressure Bandage

D.R.S.A.B.C.D.Rest and reassure personApply pressure bandageFrom bite to toes or fingersThen up to groin or armpit.

Remember

• Do not wash the bitten area• Do not remove the bandage• Do not elevate the limb• Do not walk, run to get help

Do not remove the bandage once applied

Cold Pack(No Pressure Bandage)

Use Ice Packs or Cold Water for 20 to 30 MinutesPain Relief

These require Pressure Immobilisation Bandages

These Require HOT water treatment

REMEMBERCasualty should test the temperature before application

Treatment for ticks

Remove a tick by twisting with tweezers.

If the person is allergic,• Apply pressure immobilisation bandage• Seek medical care without delay

PoisonsPoisons Enter the Body

Via The Mouth

The Lungs

Injection

Absorption

PoisonsTypes of Poisons

• Household Poisons

• Poisonous Plants

• Food Poisoning

• Alcohol Poisoning

• Industrial poisoning

• Drugs

PoisonsIngested Poisons

If it Burns Going Down

It will Burn Coming Up.

PoisonsCorrosive & Petroleum Based

DO NOT induce vomiting

Do Not induce vomiting as corrosive

substances could burn the

oesophagus, throat and mouth.

Instead give small amounts of Milk

Seek Medical Aid

Poisons Information Centre

National

Phone: 131 126