von smart cities zu responsive...
TRANSCRIPT
Von Smart Cities zu Responsive Cities
HORIZONTE: RESPONSIVE CITIES – DIE INTELLIGENTE STADT
Von Smart Buildings zu SmartCities zu Responsive Cities
Smart Campus ETH
Buildings and Smart Buildings
Buildings - analog
• Architecture/Prestige• Security and safety• Comfort• Performance• Control
Smart Buildings - digital
• Control/New Prestige• Security and safety• Comfort• Performance• Design
„In 2003 the UK Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) came up with the following definition for a smart home:"A dwelling incorporating a communications network that connects the key electrical appliances and services, and allows them to be remotely controlled, monitored or accessed.”“http://www.fardaintelligent.com/Smart-home-En.html
20.10. 2016: SystemdarstellungDie Hauszentrale Vitocomfort 200 (1) ist das Herzstück zur drahtlosen Bedienung und Kontrolle der Haustechnik. Etwa zur Regelung der Raumtemperatur (6, 11), zur Steuerung von Licht (5) oder zur Überwachung offener Türen und Fenster (9, 10).Systemkomponenten[1] Vitocomfort 200 ZentraleSmart Energy[2] Zähleradapter[3] Bewegungssensor[4] Energiesteckdose[5] DoppeltasterSmart Heating[6] Fußbodenthermostat[7] Raumthermostat[8] Klimasensor[9] Fenstergriff[10] Öffnungssensor[11] Heizkörperthermostat[12] Funk-Außentemperatursensor
http://www.viessmann.de/de/wohngebaeude/vitocomfort-200.html
Smart Buildings - Smart Cities
Smart Buildings
• Control/Prestige• Security and safety• Comfort• Performance• Design
Smart Cities
• Security and safety• Services• Performance• Comfort• Urban Design
Smart City Songdo
Smartness and Liveability?
• The most liveable cities show a low Gini coefficient
• All most liveable cities have efficient local good governance
Smart City Motivations
„Chinese Dream“ (Prof. Li)
• Urbanization• Industrialization• Informationizing• Low Carbon• Green• Sustainability
„Swiss Dream“
• Liveability• Industrialization 6.0• Domesticate Big Data• De-carbonization• Green• Responsiveness
http://www.srf.ch/var/storage/images/auftritte/konsum/bilder/2015/02/03/node_6101799/77680977-2-ger-DE/image_span12.jpg
Today – Smart Cities•Smart Mobility, smart buildings, smart infrastructure
•But: people-centered?•Interactive?
„Smart City“
Smart City = Big Data +
Information and Communication
Technology (ICT)
Muratori 1749
People
Responsive City =
People +
Smart City Technology
Or this? (all have comparable numbers ofpeople per square kilometre)
Barcelona 2016
Giving and allowing for input
ContradictionsWe exceed our CO2 limits (1 ton CO2 per person per year), but... fly for a few days to the Maledives (5 tonnes CO2)
> 7 tons CO2 / person / year
1.64 tons CO2 / person / year
Cities must become responsive – why?
Jakarta
2 billion more people will live in cities 30 years from now
Smart City Songdo
Cities emit 80% of greenhouse gases: industry
Or this?
Cities emit 80% of greenhouse gases: Mobility
Science City meetings, Singapore meetings in VLA
Needed: Innovation in City Planning and Management
Steps• Smart Cities: technology and
infrastructure - building blocks for:• Responsive Cities: Citizens and
their responsibility
Siena
Smart City Songdo
„Smart City“ Songdo
Information Architecture
Prof. Dr. Gerhard Schmitt
Singapore
Responsive Cities: InstrumentsCitizen Design ScienceResponsive Education
Citizen Design Science
Citizen Design Science = Citizen Design + Citizen Science + Design Science
Citizen Design
Citizen Design
Citizen Design
Citizen Design
Citizen Design
Citizen Design Science = Citizen Design + Citizen Science + Design Science
Apr-2016 ETH Zürich 60Citizen Sciene
Citizen Science
Citizen Sciene
Design Science
Citizen Sciene
Citizen Design Science = Citizen Design + Citizen Science + Design Science
Design Sciene
Venice Water wood stone
Design Sciene
Design Sciene
Work results as well into ambient heat.
dE Q W
Image courtesy of Swiss Federal Office of Energy.
Energy flows in TJ for Switzerland
Population 8’014’000Energy dem. 852’330 TJArea 41’285 km2
Density 194/ km2
GDP(PPP) 340 bil. US$
Total PrimaryEnergy Supply
(TPES)
dE Q W
J
Energy flows in TJ for Singapore
Population 5’312’400Energy dem. 531’055 TJArea 712.4 km2
Density 7126/ km2
GDP(PPP) 315 bil. US$
Total PrimaryEnergy Supply
(TPES)
dE Q W
J
Stocks and Flows - Applications
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/StockFlow.gif
Responsive City Singapore
Responsive Education: ToolMassive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) -democratizing education
MOOC SeriesFuture CitiesLivable CitiesSmart CitiesResponsive Cities
Students – geographic distribution
From broadcasting
Information Architecture of Cities - Support
The MOOC – Massive Open Online Coursehttps://www.edx.org/course/ethx/ethx-fc-01x-future-cities-1821–
• The BOOK – Basic Open Offline Knowledge– Information Cities
Images as answers
To integrated teaching
Teaching driven research
Citizen design platform
Best Design From MOOC Users’ Voting
Public spaces
Two different of building clusters
Built along the block edges
High buildings are placed outside
Visibility Centrality AccessibilityConnectivity
Unexpected blocks
Bad separations between main road and site
Entrance of building blocks
Not good access to the neighboring blocks
Gaps between every buildings
“I designed the layout based on the type of community this place strives to become. It's not a posh locality and thus in an informal neighbourhood like this, the immediate neighbours become one's family. The units have been arranged in a pattern that 'Small clusters'(with no particular set/type of units). ach of these clusters have an open area (like a play area/sit out space/ courtyard) for themselves. But they are placed such that each of these are mutually accessible in terms of connectivity and visibility.
The site has two main access roads through it. They are not perpendicular to the main roads in order to decrease visibility from outside(of the units and spaces between them for safety reasons). They decrease the distance to be travelled by each person to exit the site. There are smaller streets that connect and make each block accessible. I have assumed that the community is not gated, thus the clusters closest to these openings have been designed as introverted spaces(rather than completely open).
All the clusters have been laid out around a central cluster which encloses a large playground(this can be landscaped and playground equipment can be installed)This can become a space used by the whole community and by people from all age groups. It has been given access on 4 sides.
Another criteria I kept in mind while planning was the North direction(approximately along that corner of the site that lies at the intersection of the main roads). South Africa has a rather hot climate and so in order to reduce heat gain in each block, I tried to refrain(in most cases) from orienting the longer sides of each block along East-West direction.”
Hangxin’s annotation
Author’s annotation
Scores:
Design Example
Citizens vote on design
Take Home
Future Cities must belivable and responsive
Future City Zürich 2100
Responsibility is the foundation of Responsive Cities
People studying and learning
Responsive Learning
From Complaining ToDesigning
From complainig to designing: Citizen Design Science
Citizen: Design: Science
Discussing and reflecting people
Citizens: Negotiate!
People working on the city
Governments: Engage Citizens!
Value Lab Asia working
Universities: Independant Research!
Universities: Design! Philippe Block, ETH Zürich
Universities: Build! Sacha Menz et al, ETH Zürich
Universities: Design! Christian Kerez, ETH Zürich
Universities: Build! Sacha Menz et al, ETH Zürich
Machen wir die Stadt der Zukunft zum besten und MOST RESPONSVE PLACE, in dem Menschen je gebaut, gelebt und gearbeitet haben!
Thank you!