vorstand emf summer college 2010 lisbon 13. – 15. september 2010 the impact of the crisis and...
TRANSCRIPT
Vorstand
EMF Summer College 2010
Lisbon 13. – 15. September 2010
The impact of the crisis
and speculation
on collective bargaining in
Europe
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik2
The impact of the crisis and speculation on collective bargaining in Europe
Current economic situation
Examples of collective bargaining during the crisis
Coordination rule
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik3
Current economic situation (1)
Starting point of the crisis: burst of the speculative bubble in the real estate market in August 2007.
Trespassing on the financial market, intensification in August 2008: Crash of Lehmann Brothers.
Impact on worldwide investmets impact on production, particular for export-countries.
Some reasons for the crisis:
Crooked distribution, increase of profits and decrease of wages fed the speculative bubble!
Deregulation of the financial markets, „Innovations“ in financial goods.
Imbalances in foreign trade.
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik4
Forecasts for European metal sectors.
Change in production in %
-15,9
-25,2 -25,4
-12,5
-17,3
-31,1
-23,6
-2,3
2,6
9,3
2,2
-12,3
5,7 4,83,46,1
3,8 3,82,0
4,6 4,2
Structuralsteelwork
MechanicalEngineering
Automotive Domesticappliances
Shipyards Tubes Metal goods
2009 2010 2011
Source: EUROFER, July 2010
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik5
Current economic situation (2)
Reasons for recovery
Export
Goods-in-stock, low stock level
Stimulus packages
But also risks:
Stimulus packages are running out
Increase in raw material prices
Goods-in-stock cycle
Weak internal markets
Capacity utilisation not at precrisis level investment restraint.
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik6
Current economic situation (3)
More risks:
No change in regulation!
Recovery leads to „business as usual“
Post-crisis same as Pre-crisis!
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik7
Collective bargaining during the crisis (1)
Position paper of EMF „Collective Bargaining policy during the crisis
Active wage policy with the objective of a strong increase in real wages and income support.
Secure Employment.
Strenghtening the European coordination of collective bargaining.
Strenghtening European cooperation at company level.
Stabilizing lowest incomes by minimum wages.
Which issues were be achieved?
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik8
Collective bargaining during the crisis (2)
Increase of 2009 reflects in many cases agreements signed before the outbreak of crisis.
Situation in 2010: Wage cuts in the public sector in Ireland and Greece.
Example for other European countries and sectors?
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik9
First half of 2010: Agreements in European Metal Industry (Extracts) (1)
Netherlands• 01.02.2010 till 01.05.2011•Wage increase 0.5 % (01.07.2010), 1.15 % (01.01.2011)• Several qualitative elements (training, working conditions, pensions, age-
aware personnel policy, …)
Germany• 01.05.2010 till 31.03.2011 former pay scale tables, lump sum of 320 €• 01.04.2011 till 31.03.2012 wage increase: 2.7 %• Instruments of job securement, qualification.
Denmark•Wage formation via decentralized local negotiations.• Improved regulations on pensions, holidays, apprentices, equal
opportunities, health, redundancies, TAW and implementation of Second common demand.
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik10
First half of 2010: Agreements in European Metal Industry (Extracts) (2)
Sweden• 01.04.2010 till 31.01.2012 (22 months).•Wage increase 0,9 % (01.06.2010), 2,3 % (01.06.2011)• Measures according to the crisis (reduced working hours, obstacle for
TAW.
Norway• Total value of the agreement is estimated to reach 3 %.
Resume
Moderate wage increase. Neither wage decrease nor wage freeze.
Long duration.
Instruments of job security.
Qualitative elements.
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik11
First collective bargaining campaign in the recovery in Germany: Steel Industry
Demands:•Wage increase of 6 % for 12 months.• Collective agreement on equal pay for equal work for agency workers.• Further development of the collective agreement of demografic change.
After sucessful crisis management - now recovery management - share of the expected profits!
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik12
Coordination rule (1)
„The key point of reference and criterion for trade union wage policy in all countries must be to offset the rate of inflation and to ensure that workers‘ income retain a balanced participation in productivity gains.
The commitment to safeguard purchasing power and to reach a balanced participation in productivity gains is the new European coordination rule for co-ordinated collective bargaining in the metal sector all over Europe.“ (EMF Collective Bargaining Conference – Frankfurt, 9/10. December 1998)
The idea behind the coordination rule: No wage dumping!
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik13
Development of collectivly agreed wages in European Metal and Electrical Industries 2000 – 2008. VOWA minus inflation (in %)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Belgien 0,5 3,2 1,6 1,0 1,48 0,0 0,1 0,65 1,08 1,74
Dänemark 1,4 1,8 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,6 2,6 4,1 1,6
Deutschland 1,9 0,5 2,7 2,1 1,6 0,7 1,3 1,0 0,7 3,57
Finnland 0,8 0,0 0,7 1,4 1,3 0,8 1,3 2,62 -0,1
Griechenland 2,1 1,3 -0,9 0,6 0,0
Italien -1,4 -0,6 -0,9 -0,5 0,1 1,7
Niederlande 1,5 -0,1 -1,7 1,1 2,3 0,3 0,1 0,4 3,0 4,9
Norwegen 2,3 2,1 2,0 1,9 1,3 4,68 2,2 2,23
Österreich*) 1,5 0,6 0,9 1,1 0,5 1,6 0,92 1,38
Schweden 1,8 1,1 1,0 -0,9 1,0 1,5 1,3 1,82 0,2 2,5
Schweiz 1,2 1,6 1,1 0,7 1,5 0,1 2,1
Slowakei**) -3,1 -2,5 -0,9 4,81 1,1 -0,6
Tschechische Republik***)
10,01 0,3 3,8 3,0 0,05 2,75 2,52
Frankreich (SMIC) -0,5 1,4 2,2 0,2 3,0 3,9 3,6 1,4 -1,1 3,1
keine Angaben *) Österreich Metallindustrie und Bergbau
**) Slowakei Metallverarbeitendes Gewerbe ***) Tschechische Republik Elektroindustrie
IA = Inflationsausgleich (VOWA - HIVP)
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik14
Development of collectivly agreed wages in European Metal and Electrical Industries 2000 – 2008. VOWA minus inflation rate minus productivity increase. (in %)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Belgien -1,4 3,97 0,6 -0,02 -0,2 0,46 -1,9 -0,3 1,14 2,24
Dänemark -0,9 1,6 -0,1 0,3 -0,65 -0,15 1,4 2,73 4,05
Deutschland 0,8 0,1 1,9 1,1 0,4 -0,6 -0,8 0,2 0,66 5,52
Finnland -2,0 0,4 -0,65 -0,8 -1,2 -0,4 -0,1 -0,46 1,42
Griechenland -2,1 -3,1 -4,7 -1,6 -1,6
Italien -2,7 -0,45 0,05 -0,3 -0,8 0,7
Niederlande -0,1 -1,55 -0,5 0,85 0,25 -1,75 -0,7 2,56 7,04
Norwegen 0,1 -0,1 0,1 1,1 0,5 5,28 3,62 3,22
Österreich*) -0,4 0,5 -0,46 – 0,6 -0,7 -0,2 -0,7 1,3
Schweden -0,1 0,1 -0,9 -1,0 -1,7 -0,5 -1,4 2,37 -1,38 3,63
Schweiz 1,7 0,3 -0,6 -1,0 0,58 6,71
Slowakei -10,4 -6,3 -3,0 -1,58 -2,86 0,05
Tschechische Republik 6,31 -8,0 -3,0 -1,6 -4,61 0,3 3,29
Frankreich (SMIC) -0,3 1,5 2,4 0,9 1,5 -0,9 4,1
keine Angaben *) Österreich Metallindustrie und Bergbau
**) Slowakei Metallverarbeitendes Gewerbe ***) Tschechische Republik Elektroindustrie
ABPW = Ausgewogene Beteiligung am Produktivitätswachstum (IA minus Entwicklung der Arbeitsproduktivität)
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik15
Coordination rule (4): Open flanks
Coverage of collective agreements.
Opening clauses, temporary deviations.
Precarious work.
Difference between effective wages and collective wage agreements (negative wage drift).
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik16
Employees covered by collective agreementsManufacturing industry (West-Germany) in %
74,0
5,9
20,2
60,0
8,0
32,0
67,0
58,0
10,0
33,0
60,0
regional coll. agreement company agreement without coll. agreement without CA but CA-oriented
1998
0
2007
2009
Source: IAB Betriebspanel
The year 2009 is not exactly comparable to former years due to a change in the statistical database.
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik17
Employees covered by collective agreements Manufacturing industry (East-Germany) in %
40,0
10,8
49,2
25,0
17,0
59,057,0
25,0
15,0
61,0
48,0
regional coll. agreement company agreement witout coll. agreement without CA but CA-oriented
1998
0
2007
2009
Source: IAB Betriebspanel
The year 2009 is not exactly comparable to former years due to a change in the statistical database.
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik18
Cases of temporary and conditional deviation from collective agreement
Actually exist 855 cases – Status 07.05.2010
855
07.05.2010
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik19
Temporary deviation: what IG Metall conceded...(2004 – 07.05.2010)
495
602561
46
315
446
798
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik20
Temporary deviation:...what we got in exchange
in %
54
1512
4 5
61
23 23
8
17
72
2931
11
24
76
25
36
8
27
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Ausschluß Kündigungen Standort-Sicherung
Investition Produkte/Innovation
Ausbildung
in 2004 in 2005 in 2006 in 2007
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik21
Temporary Agency Work in Europe
Source: IAB Betriebspanel
Country Number of workers*2007
Rates of change2004-2007 (%)
Belgien 95.465 (382.188) 27,1 (17,39)Dänemark 20.600 -12,4Deutschland 614.000 53,6Finnland 28.000 100
Frankreich 637.901 11,9Griechenland 8.172 133,3Großbritannien 1.196.000 (8,7)
Irland 35.000 40Italien (594.744) (48)Luxemburg (8.003) (45,8)
Niederlande 233.000 48,4Norwegen 24.982 8,6Österreich 59.262 34,3
Polen 60.000 93,5Portugal (103.400**) (10,9***)Rumänien (c. 25.000) n.a.Schweden 59.400 69,7
Slowakei* 10.828 n.a.Slowenien (4.874) (99,3)Spanien 160.000 4,6
Tschechische Republik 35.000 n.a.Ungarn 55.000 4,4
Vorstand
IG Metall Vorstand, Funktionsbereich Tarifpolitik22
Coordination rule (5)
Problems during the crisis: • Very moderate inflation and negative productivity.• Pressure on trade unions, weaker position.
Reaction of trade unions: secure income and jobs!
Do we have an alternative to the coordination rule?
Vorstand
Collective Bargaining Department / European Wage PolicyUwe Fink, Tel.: +49/69/6693-2151, [email protected]
Thanks for your attention!