VTHT 1205

Chapter 4 - 1Verbal Roots

Dr. Dipa Brahmbhatt VMD, MpH

Verbal Roots

• Action or description

• Activity

• Action

• Condition

AUDI/O-

AUDI/O/LOGY

Hearing/CV/Science/Study of

“ The study of Hearing”

BIO-

BIO/GENESIS

LIFE/ORIGIN (development)

CAUS- / CAUT-

CAUS/TIC

Burn/relating to

CAUT/ERY

Burn/Instrument

-CLAS- or -CLAST

OST/EO/CLASIS

Bone/CV/Break

“Surgical fracture”

DUCT-

BILE - DUCT

LEAD

-ECTAS-

Chole/cyst/ectas/ia

Bile/bladder/dilate/state or condition

Dilate

“Distention of gall bladder”

-EDEM-

Edem/a/tous lungs

Swelling

E.g. interstitial pneumonia

-ESTHES-

An/esthes/ia

Sensation

-GEN/O-

Path/o/gen

Producing

-IATR/O-

Iatrogenic

Caused by treatment

KIN/E-, KIN/O-

Kinetics

“Study of Motion”

(movement)

-LYSIS, -LYS/O-, -LYTIC

Lysis

“Destruction (breakdown) of a cell”

-MORPH/O-

Poly/morph/ic

Many forms (form, structure, shape)

-OP/IA, -OPS/IA, -OPSY

Chromatopsia

Color vision

“A condition in which objects

seem abnormally colored/tinged”

-PATH, -PATHY

Enteropathy

(e.g. Protein losing enteropathy: IBD)

Intestinal disease

-PHAGE, PHAG/O-

Macrophage: Large phagocyte (Eating cells)

-PHAS-

Dys/pha/sia

“Difficulty in speaking (speech)”

-PHIL

Acid/o/phil/ic

Acid loving (affinity, love for)

-PLEGIA

Para/plegia

“Paralysis of hind legs”

-POIESES

Leuk/o/poieses

“WBC production (formation)”

SCHIST/O-, SCHIZ/O-Schistocytes: Mechanisms & Diseases

Shearing by fibrin strands:

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Hemangiosarcoma

Glomerulonephritis

Myelofibrosis

Hemolytic uremic syndrome

Hypersplenism

Turbulent blood flow:

Congestive heart failure

Valvular stenosis

Caval syndrome in heart worm disease

Hemangiosarcoma

Intrinsic abnormalities:

Chronic doxorubicin toxicosis

Severe iron deficiency anemia

Pyruvate kinase deficiency

Congenital & acquired dyserythropoesis

Schist/o/cyteBroken (split/cleft/division)

red cell

SPASM/O-

Spasmolysis

‘Relieving spasm’ e.g. colics horses

-STASIS

Hemostasis

“Stoppage (standing still) of blood flow”

TROPH/O-

Trophism

“Nutrition” (nourishment/food)