w30: april 7-11, 2014 week 30. monday, april 7 a new unit ▫southwest and central asia chapter 17...

W30: April 7-11, 2014Week 30

Monday, April 7

•A NEW UNIT▫Southwest and Central Asia

Chapter 17 – Eastern Mediterranean Read Chapter 17, Section 1 with a partner Complete the vocabulary and notes

independently

•Homework:▫Worksheet▫Quiz on Wednesday

Chapter 17: Eastern Mediterranean

Turkey Syria Cyprus Lebanon Israel Jordan

Chapter 17: Eastern MediterraneanPHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

The Eastern Mediterranean, a region with a dry climate and valuable resources, sits in the middle of three continents.

Read Chapter 17, Section 1 and complete the notes independently.

Chapter 17: Eastern MediterraneanTURKEY

Many sites in Turkey reflect the country’s long and diverse cultural history. Throughout the country you will find the ruins of ancient Greek temples and Roman palaces. You can also see magnificent early Christian buildings and art, as well as palaces and mosques of Ottoman rulers.

Tuesday, April 8

•Asia Unit▫Southwest and Central Asia

Chapter 17, Section 2 TURKEY

•Homework:▫Quiz on Wednesday


8000 years ago – early farming villages

Invasions Romans ▪ Byzantium became Constantinople▪ Major trade route between Europe and

Asia▪ Later became capital of Byzantine

Empire Seljuk Turks (1000s AD)▪ Central Asia nomads

Ottoman Turks (1453)▪ Made Constantinople their capital


Ottoman Empire 1500s-1600s – Very powerful Territory included northern Africa,

southwestern Asia, and southeastern Europe

WW1, the Ottomans fought on the losing side and lost most of their territories.

Military officers then took over▪ Mustafa Ataturk – Later Kemal Ataturk

(Father of Turks)▪ Created the democratic nation of Turkey▪ Moved the capital to Ankara▪ Changed Constantinople to Istanbul


Modern Turkey Kemal Ataturk▪ 1st president of Turkey▪ Modernized Turkey▪ Separated all aspects of Islam from Turkey’s

government▪ Closed Islamic schools▪ Turkish people encouraged to wear Western dress

and adopt surnames Banned the “fez” hat and required European-

styled hats Women urged to stop wearing veils

▪ Women encouraged to vote, work, and hold office▪ Replaced the Arabic alphabet with the Latin

alphabet

▪ Adopted the metric system


People Mostly ethnic Turks Kurds are the largest minority and make up 20%

Culture Reflects Ataturk’s changes ▪ He created a cultural split between Turkey’s urban

middle class and rural villagers▪ Most middle class Turks have much in common with the

European middle class▪ Rural Turks are more traditional.

Islam strongly influences their attitudes on matters (role of women in society)

Food: ▪ Olives, vegetables, cheese, yogurt, and

bread▪ Kababs – grilled meats on a skewer


Turkey Today Istanbul – Turkey’s largest city &

economic bridge to Europe Government▪ Legislature is called the National Assembly▪ President and Prime Minister share power

▪ Most people are Muslim, but Turkey is a secular state▪ Religion is kept separate from government.▪ Example: the religion of Islam allows a man to

have up to four wives, but by Turkish law a man is permitted to have just one wife

▪ Currently, Islamic political parties are trying to increase Islam’s role in Turkish society.


Economy Member of the European Union Increased trade with Europe Includes modern factories as well as farming and craft-

making▪ Industries – textile and clothing, cement, and electronics▪ 40% of the labor force works in agriculture▪ Grains, cotton, sugar beets, hazelnuts

Resources Oil, coal, iron ore Water – very valuable▪ PROBLEM: Turkey has spent billions on building dams to

increase water supply, causing restricted water flow to neighboring countries

Wednesday, April 9

•Quiz


Chapter 17, Section 3 ISRAEL

•Homework:▫Retake of Quiz due by 4/16

Chapter 17: Eastern MediterraneanISRAEL

Modern Israel was formed in 1948. Since then immigrants from many parts of the world have made the population of Israel very diverse. Many Jews emigrated to Israel from Russia and Eastern European countries.


History Home to 3 of the world’s major religions▪ Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

Holy Land ▪ Hebrews – ancestors of the Jews▪ Established kingdom of Israel 3000 years ago▪ Covered the same area as modern day Israel

▪ Romans – conquered “Palestine” in 60s BC ▪ After many revolts, the Romans forced the Jews

top leave. This was called the Diaspora.

▪ Arabs – conquered “Palestine” in 600s▪ 1000s-late 1200s – Crusades▪ Conquered city of Jerusalem▪ Eventually Crusaders pushed out▪ Part of the Ottoman Empire▪ Then under British control after WW1


Creation of Israel Zionism▪ 1948 Jewish leaders

declared Palestine the nation of Israel

▪ Arab Palestinians living in Palestine and the Arab countries surrounded Israel were opposed to this and invaded.

▪ Very short war with Israel defeating the Arab armies

▪ Many Palestinians fled to neighboring countries.

▪ Disputes continue to occur


Israel today Continuing problems with neighboring

countries Government

Prime Minister and parliament called the Knesset

Strong military▪ At 18 – most men and women must serve at

least one year Economy

Modern and diverse High-tech equipment and diamonds for

export Increased food production by irrigating

farmland Tourists!!


Israel Today Most of the population lives in

cities▪ Tel Aviv – 2 Million people

80% are Jewish, the rest mostly Arab▪ ¾ of Israeli Arabs are Muslim, some

are Christian Jewish population from all over

the world – few arrive speaking Hebrew▪ Government offers language classes▪ Languages include Hebrew and

Arabic – both official languages


Israel Today Culture▪ Holidays▪ Sabbath – holy day (Saturdays)▪ Yom Kippur (fall)▪ Passover (spring)

▪ Food▪ Important part of Jewish culture▪ Kosher

No pork or shellfish No mixing of meat and milk

products

▪ Rural Settlements▪ 100,000 Israeli Jews live in

Kibbutzim


Palestinian Territory▪ 1967 – Six Day War: Israel

captured Gaza, the West Bank, and East Jerusalem

▪ Since then – fights have been constant

Gaza▪ Small, crowded coastal area▪ No resources – citrus fruit is

grown in irrigated fields▪ Unemployment▪ Many travel to Israel to work

West Bank▪ 2.4 million▪ Rural area but has 3 large

cities▪ Economy based on agriculture▪ Currently home to Jewish

settlements that Palestinians consider an invasion of their land

▪ Constant tension between Arabs and Israelis


Palestinian Territory East Jerusalem▪ Israel’s capital▪ Holy sites to Jews,

Christians, and Muslims

▪ Different neighborhoods

▪ Palestinians claimed it as their capital, but it was annexed by Israel in 1980

▪ Israel moved its capital here from Tel Aviv even though this is not recognized by most countries


Future of Territories 1990s, Israel agreed to turn

over parts of the territories to the Palestinians

The Palestinian Authority agreed to work for peace

In 2005, Israel transferred Gaza to the P.A.

Some Israelis concerned that withdrawing from the territories leaves them open for attack

Ongoing terrorism continues.

2013 article March 2014 Israeli News

http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/26/world/meast/israel-settlement-kerry/index.html

http://www.israelinewsnow.com/

Thursday, April 10

•Quiz Handout


Chapter 17, Section 4 SYRIA, LEBANON, JORDAN

•Homework:▫Quiz on Thursday, April 17

HAPPY BIRTHDAY…Cathleen

Zbylut- 2

Chapter 17: Eastern MediterraneanSYRIA, LEBANON, JORDAN

The histories of Lebanon, Syria, and Jordan have been tangled together since the countries gained independence in the 1940s. Syria is a large nation with a strong military that has often dominated Lebanon’s political life. Other conflicts in the region have also spilled over into Lebanon.


Syria Damascus – Capital and

oldest continuously inhabited city in the world. ▪ Leading regional trade

center Part of the Ottoman

Empire in 1500s France controlled Syria

after WW1 Became independent in

1940s


Syria’s History & Government 1971-2000 – dictator Hafiz al-Assad

Increased the size of the military in order to match Israel’s military strength and protect his rule

2000 – Bashar (son of al-Assad) was elected president. Seven year term, 2007 – re-elected Goal: to improve the economy

Socialist government Country owns oil refineries, large

electrical plants, railroads, and some factories

Key manufactured goods: textiles, food products, and chemicals

Small deposits of oil and natural gas Rich in iron ore, basalt, and phosphates


Ancient Syria Ruins of

ancient Roman trading centers


Syria’s People Population of 18 million 90% Arab, other 10%

are Kurds and Armenians

74% are Sunni Muslim, 16% Druze and Alawites, 10% are Christian. Some small Jewish communities


Lebanon Small mountainous country Mediterranean coast

Lebanon’s History Ottoman Empire Different ethnic minority

groups and religious groups settled here

After ww1 – France controlled Gained independence in 1940s French influence▪ Arabic is official language▪ Many Lebanese also speak French


Lebanon’s People Arab Divided by religion –

Muslim or Christian which are further divided▪ Muslims – Sunni, Shia, and

Druze▪ Christians – Maronites are

largest of the Christian groups in the country

Muslims are the majority religious group in Lebanon


Lebanon’s Civil War & Today After independence – Christians

and Muslims shared power▪ Certain government positions were

held by different religious groups▪ Example: President was always a

Maronite Cooperation broke down, tensions

mounted Many Palestinian refugees flooded

into Lebanon Ethnic and religious groups armed

themselves and fights broke out 1970s – 1990 Beirut – capital, badly damaged Industry – food processing,

textiles, chemicals, cement, and jewelry-making


Jordan Short history full of conflict Few resources Powerful neighbors

History & Government Created after WW1 Controlled by British and named

Arab prince as the monarch 1940s – fully independent Population was small▪ Nomadic or semi-nomadic life▪ Many Palestinian Arab refugees

moved here 1952-1999 King Hussein ruled Democratic reforms in the

1990s


Jordan’s People & Resources Many are Bedouins – Arabic

speaking nomads who mostly live in the deserts of SW Asia

Resources – phosphates, cement, and potash

Farmers grow fruits, vegetables and raise sheep and goats

Water shortage is a concern Banking and tourism are

important Relies on economic aid from

oil-rich Arab nations and the US Amman – largest city and

capital

Friday, April 11

HAPPY BIRTHDAY…Shiva Medler - 1

On Saturday …Jack Kastor – 7Cierra McFerrin - 7•Asia Unit

▫Southwest and Central Asia Chapter 18, Section 1 – The Arabian

Peninsula Read Chapter 18, Section 1 with a partner Complete the vocabulary and notes

independently

•Homework:▫Quiz on Thursday, April 17

Chapter 18: Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, & Iran

Saudi Arabia Bahrain Qatar UAE Yemen Oman Iran Iraq

Chapter 18: Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, & IranPHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

The Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, and Iran make up a mostly desert region with very valuable oil resources.

Read Chapter 18, Section 1 and complete the notes independently.

w30: april 7-11, 2014 week 30. monday, april 7 a new unit ▫southwest and central asia chapter 17...

Documents

capital chapter

skewer chapter

istanbul chapter

metric system chapter

turkeys urban middle

asia unitsouthwest

turkey homework

southwestern asia