war in korea 1950-53 the cold war spreads around the globe
TRANSCRIPT
War in Korea 1950-53
The Cold War Spreads Around the Globe
History of Korea
• Japanese had occupied Korea for 35 years
• 1945 the Japanese Army Surrenders
• Soviet Union and United States divide Korea at the 38th Parallel
A Divided Korea:
North:Communist
South:Democratic
38th Parallel >
Korea in 1949
• U.S. and Soviets had withdrawn most troops
• Soviet Union felt the U.S.would not defend South Korea
• Soviets supplied North Korea with tanks, airplanes and money
North Korean Invasion
• June 1950: North Korea crosses 38th parallel
• President Truman feared a repeat of Hitler and Mussolini expansion
• The policy of containment was tested
United Nations Responds
• Sent an International Force to Korea to stop invasion
• 15 Nations Participated under General Douglas MacArthur
Momentum in War
1) North Korea Invades
2) South Korea Respondswith U.S. help
3) China Joins the War
China Changes the War
• China (Mao) sent 300,000 troops to aid North Korea
• Gen. MacArthur wanted to use nuclear weapons on Chinese cities
“We are trying to prevent a world war, not start one” President Truman
Conflict with China
• “We are trying to prevent a world war, not start one” President Truman
• Douglas MacArthur is relieved of his command
North Korea in 2006
Kim Jong Il is leader
Very poor communist country
Threatening to build Nuclear Weapons
Prosperous democratic country
Friendly with USA
South Korea Today
COLD WAR AROUND THE WORLD
GOLD: Prevented Communist ExpansionRED: Communist Expansion
Aftermath of War (1953)
• Korea remains Divided into 2 Countries– North & South
• The first major conflict of Cold War is settled without Nuclear Weapons
• The policy of containment did stop the spread of communism.
• Over 50,000 Americans Die, 5 Million Koreans
Vietnam War **1960-73**
Vietnam
• Former French colony
• Japanese invade 1940– Japanese leave Country in 1945
• French try to maintain control
Ho Chi Minh
Communist revolutionary
Fought French control after WWII
1954 French surrender
Vietnam is divided at 17% north latitude
U.S. & France set up Government in South
Ho Chi Minh rules north
Vietcong
• Communist guerrillas
• Hated the leader of south
• Encouraged by Soviet Union
• 1963 Leader of the South overthrown & executed
• Weeks later President Kennedy assassinated
President Eisenhower:
DOMINO THEORY:
If one Southeastern Nation falls, They all will fall to Communism
Vietnam: A divided Country
• U.S. begins to slowly supply “military advisors” to Vietnam in the late 1950’s.
• 1964- 30,000
• 1970- 450,000
Gulf of Tonkin 1964
The 1960’s
Vietnamization
• President Nixon begins withdrawing troops in 1969
End Result
• 1.5 million Vietnamese die
• 58,000 Americans die
• Vietnam becomes one country (1976) with a communist government