WAR OF 1812WAR OF 1812

Coach Pokorny

United States History

Causes of the War of 1812

Britain and France remain at war; Britain seizes American merchant ships bound for France

U.S. passes Embargo act of 1807 after British attack on the USS Chesapeake (killing 21 and wounding 18) which prohibited trade with other nations.

American exports fell drastically that lead to protests and repeal of Embargo Act-1809

Britain forces U.S. sailors to serve in British navy a practice known as Impressments.

British were interfering and providing weapons to the Indians in uprisings; i.e. Ohio State in 1803

Non-Intercourse Act – banned trade w/ France, Britain and their colonies

Supporters*War Hawks (?)• Regions included

southerners and westerners who were land hungry and had a problem controlling the Indians

• Supporters included : Henry Clay –Kentucky John Calhoun – S. Carolina Felix Grundy - Tennessee

Opponents

*Federalist party supporters and members

*New Englanders who feared that a British blockade would shutdown trade and manufacturing

Political Debate

British Naval Blockades

War Ends in 1814 as a Draw

Treaty of Ghent-1814 - restores status quo -British influence in Northwest territories ended -Spanish removed from the South

Native American tribes in Midwest lost their allies, Britain; quickens westward expansion

American manufacturing began to accelerate especially in New England when cut off from European imports.

Weakening of Federalist Party which opposed the war

New national war heroes in Andrew Jackson (Battle of New Orleans) (Fought 2-weeks, after war ended) and William Henry Harrison

Inspiration for writing of Star Spangled Banner (Francis Scott Key)

Immediate outcomes of War of 1812

Hartford Convention

Wanted New England to secede

Tried to show weakness of Republicans

Success of war left Federalists w/ reduced power