warm-up 2/25/11
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Warm-Up 2/25/11. What do you know question: What do you know about where metals in the periodic table are located? Teach the teacher questions: So far what has been your favorite activity and what has been your least fave ?. Warm-up 3/1/11. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Warm-Up 2/25/11
• What do you know question: What do you know about where metals in the periodic table are located?
• • Teach the teacher questions: So far
what has been your favorite activity and what has been your least fave?
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Warm-up 3/1/11
• Review: Looking at your periodic table, tell me everything you know about neon?
• Teach the Teacher: If you could be an animal, what animal would you be?
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American Indian Chemistry Contributions to the world
• What is the contribution? (ex: gold panning or antibiotics) (bigger font)
• How it is used/made, or what it is?• What tribe or region used/discovered it?• Another interesting fact • Add a picture • Contributions: gold plating, antiasthmatic
medication, diabetes medication, anesthetics
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Mapping the Periodic TableMetals
• Most elements are metals. • 88 elements found to the
LEFT of the Zigzag Line•
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Physical Properties Of Metals
• Luster (shininess) • Good conductors of heat and electricity • High density (heavy for their size) • High melting point • Ductile (drawn out into thin wires) • Malleable (hammered into thin sheets)
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Chemical Properties of Metals
• Easily lose electrons (positive ions CATIONS)• Corrode easily
•React easily with other elements
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Metals• First metal used
was gold – 6000 years ago
• Followed by Cu Ag Sn Fe
• Al was not refined until 1800’s
• Hg mercury is the only metal that is a liquid at room temp
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ALKALI METALS – GROUP 1, 1A & IA • Soft metals – they can be cut
with a knife• Most reactive of all the metals -
React rapidly with oxygen and water
• Do not occur in nature in their elemental form
• Stored under oil • Will form a +1 ion by giving
away their one valence electron
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ALKALI METALS – GROUP 1, 1A & IA• Lithium Li Sodium Na Potassium K
• Rubidium Rb Cesium Cs Francium Fr
Extremely Rare
Radioactive
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Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2 2A & IIA• Do not occur in
nature in their elemental form
• Will form a +2 ion by giving away their two valence electrons
• Uses•Fireworks•Ca – Bones & Teeth
•Ba - X-Rays
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Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2 2A & IIA• Beryllium Be Magnesium Mg Calcium
Ca
• Strontium Sr • Barium Ba
Strontium Sr Radium Ra
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Transition Elements Group 3-12
• These elements are most familiar to the public because they are found in nature in their elemental form
• Often form colored compounds • Chromium precious gems (emeralds and rubies)• Cadmium yellow • Cobalt blue
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Iron Cobalt and Nickel Group 8 9 & 10
•Iron Triad•Steel•Fe
• most widely used metal• 2nd most abundant in the earth’s crust
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Warm-up 3/2/11• Review questions: Tell me as many physical
characteristics of metals as you can remember (or use your notes).
• Teach the teacher questions: Best pair of shoes that you have ever owned.
• • Learning Targets: What metalloids are. • Identify valence electrons on
periodic table• Identify where non-metals are
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Flash Card
• On the front write:
•Luster
• On the back write:
• Shineness
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Flash Card
• On the front write:
•Malleable
• On the back write:
• Ability to be hammered and re-shaped
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American Indian Chemistry Contributions to the world
• What is the contribution? (ex: gold panning or antibiotics) (bigger font)
• How it is used/made, or what it is?• What tribe or region used/discovered it?• Another interesting fact • Add a picture • Contributions: gold plating, antiasthmatic
medication, diabetes medication, anesthetics
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Quia.com
• User name: firstlast515• Password: password
• Click on class website • Click on periodic table • Click on play game
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Coinage Metals • Copper Silver and Gold Group 11
• Coinage metals• Cu - wiring• Ag – photographs
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Group 12
• Zinc Cadmium and Mercury •Coat or Plate metals •Batteries•Thermometers
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INNER Transition Metals• Lanthanides
• Elements 58 – 71• Elements used in motion
pictures industry • Produce colors you see
on the TV• Actinides
• Elements 90 – 103• All actinides are
radioactive and unstable• Thorium and Uranium
are found in the earth’s crust
• Uranium – nuclear reactors
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NONMETALS• Found to the RIGHT of the zigzag
line• Hydrogen is considered a nonmetal
• Group 18 – Noble Gasses are the only group that consists of all nonmetals
• Group 17 - Halogens• Properties
• Nonmetals gain electrons to become stable – anions
• Most are gasses at room temp• Not malleable• Not ductile• Poor conductors of heat and
electricity• No Luster – Dull
• Important nonmetals in Humans• Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen & Oxygen
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Metalloids & Synthetic Elements
• Metalloids conduct electricity better than nonmetals, but not as well as metals.
• Synthetic elements do not occur naturally (they are man-made)
• All elements with an atomic number higher than uranium (92) were made by scientists and most are radioactive.
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Representative Elements in: Number of Valence Electrons
Group IA all elements have 1 valence electron
Group IIA all elements have 2 valence electrons
Group IIIA all elements have 3 valence electrons
Group IVA all elements have 4 valence electrons
Group VA all elements have 5 valence electrons
Group VIA all elements have 6 valence electrons
Group VIIA all elements have 7 valence electrons
Group VIIIA all elements have 8 valence electrons
The Lewis electron-dot diagrams focus on the electrons in the highest energy level in the atom, the valence electrons.
Valence electrons are the electrons that participate in chemical reactions.
Lewis Dot Diagrams
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Lewis Dot Diagrams of Selected Elements
• Lewis Dot uses the symbol of the element and dots to illustrate the number of electrons in the outermost energy level
• Dots are placed in 8 positions around the symbol• 2 spots for each Right Left Top & Bottom
• Elements of the same group (column) have the same number of valence electrons