Warm Up

Why was there a need for forced labor in colonial Virginia?

Who were the first people used as forced laborers and why did they not work?

What were indentured servants?

Why did slaves eventually replace indentured servants in the 1670s?

New EnglandNew EnglandPuritans & PilgrimsPuritans & Pilgrims

Reasons People wanted to Reasons People wanted to leave Englandleave England

1. Compete w/ Spain.1. Compete w/ Spain.

2. domestic Problems2. domestic Problems

3. Religious freedom3. Religious freedom

The ReformationThe Reformation

Many people in Europe thought the Many people in Europe thought the Catholic Church was corrupt.Catholic Church was corrupt.

Selling of Indulgences.Selling of Indulgences.

Martin LutherMartin Luther

ProtestantsProtestants

Reformation in EnglandReformation in England

In England, Henry VIII separates from In England, Henry VIII separates from Catholic Church because Pope won’t give Catholic Church because Pope won’t give him a divorce.him a divorce.

New Church is New Church is Church of England Church of England (Anglican Church).(Anglican Church).

King is the head (instead of the Pope).King is the head (instead of the Pope).

Church practices do no change though.Church practices do no change though.

PuritansPuritans

Some people in England want more change to Some people in England want more change to the Church of England.the Church of England.

These people are called These people are called PuritansPuritans..

They want to “Purify” the Church of England.They want to “Purify” the Church of England.

Some, however, think the Church of England is Some, however, think the Church of England is too corrupt to fix. These radicals are called too corrupt to fix. These radicals are called separatists (separatists (PilgrimsPilgrims).).

Review What was the name of the official church in

England?

A = church of England (A.K.A. Anglican Church).

Who were the Puritans and what did they want?

A =People in England who wanted to fix (or “purify”) the church of England.

What is the difference between Pilgrims and Puritans?

CalvinismCalvinism

Based on ideas of Swiss theologian Based on ideas of Swiss theologian John Calvin.John Calvin.

PredestinationPredestination—God decides who is going to —God decides who is going to heaven at the beginning of time.heaven at the beginning of time.

Good Deeds (or works) can’t change this.Good Deeds (or works) can’t change this. Works vs. GraceWorks vs. Grace

These are the beliefs of the English Puritans.These are the beliefs of the English Puritans.

Lack of Religious Tolerance in Lack of Religious Tolerance in EnglandEngland

King does not like Puritans.King does not like Puritans.

Thinks they are troublemakers.Thinks they are troublemakers.

They get hassled so many want to They get hassled so many want to leave England.leave England.

PilgrimsPilgrims

Radical separatists who first go to Radical separatists who first go to HollandHolland..

Kids begin to speak and act Dutch.Kids begin to speak and act Dutch.

Go to North America.Go to North America.

Settle inSettle in Plymouth Plymouth (1620) In what is (1620) In what is today Massachusetts.today Massachusetts.

The MayflowerThe Mayflower

Mayflower CompactMayflower Compact

Agreement signed on Agreement signed on the Mayflower.the Mayflower.

Pilgrims agreed to Pilgrims agreed to form a govt. and live form a govt. and live by the rules.by the rules.

Considered 1Considered 1stst written written Constitution in N. Constitution in N. AmericaAmerica

SquantoSquanto Indian who had been Indian who had been

kidnapped and learned kidnapped and learned English.English.

Middle-man with local Middle-man with local Indians who came to the Indians who came to the aide of struggling aide of struggling colonists.colonists.

Good relations with Good relations with Natives (at 1Natives (at 1stst). = ). = Thanksgiving.Thanksgiving.

ThanksgivingThanksgiving

Puritans (The Great Puritans (The Great Migration)Migration)

Massachusetts Bay Massachusetts Bay Co.Co.

11stst settlement =Boston settlement =Boston (1630) 17-ships 1,000 (1630) 17-ships 1,000 peoplepeople

John WinthropJohn Winthrop

““City on a Hill” City on a Hill” (Covenant Theology)(Covenant Theology)

Warm Up What was the difference between Pilgrims

and Puritans?

Why did the Reformation in England cause so many problems? Which groups of people were not happy wit hit and why?

Explain the main tenets of Calvinism

What were the messages of Winthrop’s “City on a Hill” speech?

Stop for Primary Sources

Puritan LifePuritan Life

Came in groups of familiesCame in groups of families

Formed TownsFormed Towns

Everybody had to attend church, but only people Everybody had to attend church, but only people that could claim to have had a conversion that could claim to have had a conversion experience were considered church members.experience were considered church members.

Strict Rules (regulated behavior)—no card Strict Rules (regulated behavior)—no card playing, music, dancing. Only plain clothesplaying, music, dancing. Only plain clothes

Puritan TownPuritan Town

PuritansPuritans

Theocracy—No Theocracy—No separation between separation between church and state.church and state.

Only male church Only male church members could vote members could vote or hold office.or hold office.

Kicked out those that Kicked out those that questioned anything.questioned anything.

Hypocrites?Hypocrites?

Discuss

What did it take to be a church member?

Do you think it was hypocritical for Puritans to not allow critics or dissenters since that is what they were in England?

DissentersDissenters When people were kicked out of When people were kicked out of

Massachusetts, they often left in groups Massachusetts, they often left in groups and formed new colonies.and formed new colonies.

Thomas Hooker = ConnecticutThomas Hooker = Connecticut

Roger Williams—Rhode IslandRoger Williams—Rhode Island

““Purest of the Puritans” Purest of the Puritans”

Anne HutchinsonAnne Hutchinson

Uppity WomanUppity Woman

Critical of leaders.Critical of leaders. ““Works v. Grace”Works v. Grace”

Banished.Banished.

Indian WarsIndian Wars

Conflict over landConflict over land

1637—Pequot War1637—Pequot War

1675—King Philip’s 1675—King Philip’s War War

New England EconomyNew England Economy

Diverse—shipping, lumber, fishingDiverse—shipping, lumber, fishing

Witchcraft

1680s-1690s

Salem, Mass.

Most of those accused are single, middle-aged women.

Threaten patriarchal social norms.

Final Points Majority of people who settled in New

England were Puritans.

Write a paragraph about why the Puritans settled in Massachusetts, the nature of their settlements, and how and why other colonies--such as Connecticut and Rhode Island--were formed in New England.

ReviewReview What was the name of the 1What was the name of the 1stst colony colony

established by the Puritans?established by the Puritans?

A = MassachusettsA = Massachusetts

What is What is

Anne HutchinsonAnne Hutchinson

Life in New England (CP)

Towns

Town Meetings

After 4 Generations people must move.