warm-up
DESCRIPTION
Warm-Up. What is the pH of a 0.00078 M solution of HI ? What is the pOH of a 0.045 M solution of NaOH ? What is the [H+] concentration of a solution of HBr that has a pH of 5.6? What is the pH of a 0.56 M solution of KOH?. Warm-Up. Write formulas for the following acids: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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WARM-UP What is the pH of a 0.00078 M solution
of HI?
What is the pOH of a 0.045 M solution of NaOH?
What is the [H+] concentration of a solution of HBr that has a pH of 5.6?
What is the pH of a 0.56 M solution of KOH?
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WARM-UPWrite formulas for the following acids:Hydroiodic AcidCarbonic AcidHydrosulfuric AcidNitrous acid
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POH ANDTITRATIONSAcids and Bases, Day 3Whitaker17 December 2013
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POH
Same as pH, but opposite. Goes from 0 -14 0 - 6.99 is basic 14 – 7.01 is acidic pOH = -log[OH-] [OH-]=10-pOH
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REMEMBER!!The molarity of an acid is the Hydrogen (or Hydronium) ion concentration!
The molarity of a base is the Hydroxide ion concentration!
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EXAMPLECalculate the pOH for a solution of
NaOH with a concentration of 1 x 10-4 M.
pOH = -log[OH-]pOH = 4
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EXAMPLECalculate the pOH for a solution of
KOH with a concentration of 0.01 M.
pOH = -log[OH-]pOH = 2
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EXAMPLEWhat is the concentration of a
basic solution that has a pOH of 13?
[OH-] = 10-pOH
[OH-] = 1 x 10 -13 M
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PH AND POH
As the concentration of [H+] or [OH-] goes up, the other must go down.pH + pOH = 14
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EXAMPLE
What is the pH of a solution that is found to have a pOH of 10?
pH = 4
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EXAMPLE
What is the pH of a 0.001 M solution of LiOH?
pOH = 3pH = 11
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EXAMPLE
What is the pOH of a 0.0001 M solution of HCl?
pH = 4pOH = 10
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What is the pH of a solution HI with a concentration of .001 M?
What is the concentration of a strong acid with a pH of 3?
What is the pH of a solution of a NaOH with a concentration of 1.0 x 10-6 M?
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OBJECTIVES Define aspects of a titration. Calculate the molarity of a solution using
titrations.
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WARM-UP What is the pH of a 0.00078 M solution
of HI?
What is the pOH of a 0.045 M solution of NaOH?
What is the [H+] concentration of a solution of HBr that has a pH of 5.6?
What is the pH of a 0.56 M solution of KOH?
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WARM-UPWhat’s the pH of a 0.0001 M
solution of NaOH?What’s the molarity of HCl if the
pOH is 13?If it takes 55 mL of 0.001 M HCl to
neutralize 122 mL of a NaOH solution, what is the concentration of the NaOH solution?
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TITRATIONS AND INDICATORSAcids and BasesWhitaker18 December 2013
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TITRATIONS A titration is a way
of determining the molarity of an unknown solution by adding small volumes of a solution with a known molarity.
Involve neutralization reactions.
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NEUTRALIZATION REACTION Remember that when an acid and base mix,
a salt and water are always produced!
Example: NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O KOH + HI -> KI + H2O H2SO4 + 2 LiOH -> Li2SO4 + 2 H2O
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VOCABULARY OF TITRATIONS The equivalence point - point where
exactly enough titrant has been added to react with all of the analyte.
Indicator - a compound that changes color at certain pH’s.
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PARTS OF THE BURETTE
Acid or base and indicator
Buret containing base or acid
Stop-cock
Flask
Buret clamp
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A LITTLE MORE MATH!!! In titrations we are looking for the concentration
(Molarity) of an unknown solution.
M1V1= M2V2Where M1 is the molarity of the acid V1 is the volume of the acidM2 is the molarity of the baseV2 is the volume of the base
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EXAMPLEIf it takes 54 mL of 0.1 M NaOH to
neutralize 125 mL of an HCl solution, what is the concentration of the HCl?
.0432 M
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EXAMPLEIf it takes 25 mL of 0.05 M HCl to
neutralize 345 mL of NaOH solution, what is the concentration of the NaOH solution?
.0036 M
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INDICATORS!!!Indicator Acid Transition Color Base
Phenolphthalein Clear Lt Pink (8.2-10.6) Hot pink
Methyl Red Red Buff (4.8-6.0) Yellow
Methyl Yellow Red Orange (2.9-4.0) Yellow
Litmus Pink Mauve (5.5-8.0) Blue
Bromthymol Blue Yellow Green (6.0-7.6) Blue
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REVIEW [H30] = [??]How do acids and bases taste?What is a strong acid?What does alkaline mean?What is the “most basic” pH??Under what conditions do gases
best dissolve?
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DIFFERENT TYPES OF ACIDS
MonoproticContains one HydrogenHCl
DiproticContains two HydrogensH2SO4
TriproticContains 3 HydrogensH3PO4
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CHANGES TO MATHWhen doing titrations, you must account for di- or triprotic acids by adding a 2 or 3 to the acid side.
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EXAMPLEIf it takes 50 mL of 0.5 M KOH
solution to completely neutralize 125 mL of sulfuric acid solution (H2SO4), what is the concentration of the H2SO4 solution?