warm-up list 10 lab safety rules. do you have the proper heading on your paper? remember: you will...
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Warm-up List 10 lab safety rules.
Do you have the proper heading on your paper? REMEMBER: You will keep this paper ALL
week. Put it somewhere you won’t lose it!
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Process Skills
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*Observation
A fact learned directly from the senses.
Sight Smell Touch Hearing Taste
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When observing, always: Write the time and date of
the observation Record observations at the
time they were made; Make both quantitative and
qualitative observations.
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Quantitative and Qualitative observations. Quantitative—
observations involving measurements
Qualitative—observations of properties such as texture (comparing to known).
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*Measuring
using metric units to describe objects or observations
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*Inferring
Using past experience to make a reasonable guess to explain observed events
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*Predicting—
Using prior knowledge to make a forecast about a future event.
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*Classifying
Group objects or events based on similarities or differences
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*Defining Operationally
State information about an object or event based on experience with it.
What it IS What it ISN’T
observable Dictionary definition
synonym
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*Communicating
Use words, pictures, and diagrams to share information
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*Making Models Construct real
or mental representations to explain ideas, objects, or events
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*Investigating Performing a set
of steps to answer a specific question or problem.
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Scientific Process
A series of steps that is used to find answers to questions about the world around us.
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Problem The problem must be written as one QUESTION The problem must identify the variables. The question must be testable and measurable.
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Variables Things that can be changed are
called variables. Every investigation should have 2
variables. Manipulated (Independent) variable
– the thing the researcher is changing
Responding (Dependent) variable – the thing the researcher is measuring.
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Research Gather more information
You can look for prior research in the library
You can ask people who know about the topic (teacher)
Use the information to form a hypothesis – you don’t always write down your research.
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Hypothesis Should be written as an if/then statement
Example: If food coloring is added to the water, then the flowers petals will change colors.
This is a prediction of what will happen in an experiment and should be based on your research and observations
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Experiment List materials needed in a column (no numbers,
capitalize name brands only)capitalize name brands only) Develop a numbered procedure. Use complete
sentences.
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Experiment Follow the steps in your
procedure Record data and observations
using the Metric System
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Analyze Data Is the data
reliable? Does it support
your hypothesis? Record your data
on graphs and charts.
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Draw Conclusions Claim Evidence Reasoning
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Claim~ A statement that answers the problem.
Your hypothesis is a prediction of what the answer to the problem is. The claim is the answer to the problem.
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Evidence~ scientific data that supports
the claim~data can be numbers
(quantitative data) or observations using the five senses (qualitative data)
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Reasoning
~ the explanation that shows why the data counts as evidence to support the claim
~ the explanation often includes scientific principles or background knowledge of the topic
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Practice
On your paper, write a statementexplaining whether or not any of
the liquids are the same substance.
Density Color Mass Melting Point
Liquid 1 0.93 g/mL no color 38g -98°C
Liquid 2 0.79 g/mL no color 38g 26°C
Liquid 3 13.6 g/mL silver 21g -39°C
Liquid 4 0.93 g/mL no color 38g -98°C
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0 points 1 point 2 points
ClaimNo claim Claim is incorrect
States that liquid 1 & 4 are the same.
Evidence No evidence
Missing numbers or units for 1 or
more substances
Gives the density with units of all
substances
Reasoning
No reasoning or
repeats claim /
evidence
Incomplete – missing
explanation of using properties for
identification.
Explains properties can be used to
identify a substance and substances 1 & 4
have the same properties which
means they are the same thing.
How did you do?