Washington and Adams AdministrationsWashington and Adams Administrations

1788-18001788-1800

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After the new Congress convened, George After the new Congress convened, George Washington was elected President ( 1788-1796) and Washington was elected President ( 1788-1796) and John Adams was elected Vice President , the John Adams was elected Vice President , the Congress and the President began immediately to Congress and the President began immediately to build a government.build a government.

Departments were created and a basic Judicial Departments were created and a basic Judicial system was established.system was established.

Washington selected the following for his Cabinet:Washington selected the following for his Cabinet:

Secretary of State-Thomas JeffersonSecretary of State-Thomas Jefferson

Secretary of Treasury- Alexander HamiltonSecretary of Treasury- Alexander Hamilton

Secretary of War- John KnoxSecretary of War- John Knox

In addition, he selected:In addition, he selected:

Attorney General- Edmund RandolphAttorney General- Edmund Randolph

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Problems of the New NationProblems of the New Nation

Americans quickly embraced the new Americans quickly embraced the new system of government created by the system of government created by the Constitution, but there were still serious Constitution, but there were still serious economic, political, and international economic, political, and international problems to be solved.problems to be solved.

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Political Parties Emerged:Political Parties Emerged:

The Federalists-led by John Adams and The Federalists-led by John Adams and Alexander Hamilton, believed in a strong Alexander Hamilton, believed in a strong national government and an industrial national government and an industrial economy supported by bankers and economy supported by bankers and business interestsbusiness interests

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The Democratic Republicans, ( called The Democratic Republicans, ( called Anti-Federalists by the Federalists) were Anti-Federalists by the Federalists) were led by Thomas Jefferson and James led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. They believed in a weak Madison. They believed in a weak national government and an agricultural national government and an agricultural economy, supported by farmers, economy, supported by farmers, artisans, and frontier settlers in the artisans, and frontier settlers in the SouthSouth

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Economic ProblemsEconomic Problems

Hamilton- wanted to consolidate national Hamilton- wanted to consolidate national and state debts and these were to be paid and state debts and these were to be paid off or assumed by the Federal off or assumed by the Federal government. He also wanted to create a government. He also wanted to create a National Bank.National Bank.

The Southern states agreed to this plan if The Southern states agreed to this plan if a new capitol would be build in the south.a new capitol would be build in the south.

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International ProblemsInternational Problems Jay’s Treaty- 1794 President Washington sent Jay’s Treaty- 1794 President Washington sent

Supreme Court Justice John Jay to negotiate a treaty Supreme Court Justice John Jay to negotiate a treaty with Britain to avoid war, settle boundary disputes and with Britain to avoid war, settle boundary disputes and increase trade.increase trade.

In the treaty- Britain agreed to withdraw troops from In the treaty- Britain agreed to withdraw troops from Northwest territories and boundaries would be Northwest territories and boundaries would be established-over timeestablished-over time

(No mention of British interference in American trade) (No mention of British interference in American trade) Many were critical of this treaty as it humiliated Many were critical of this treaty as it humiliated

America, or we had “sold out” to the BritishAmerica, or we had “sold out” to the British

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Election of 1796Election of 1796

John Adams became the 2John Adams became the 2ndnd US US President ( 1796-1800)President ( 1796-1800)

Washington established the principle of Washington established the principle of serving only two terms as Presidentserving only two terms as President

In his farewell address Washington In his farewell address Washington warned the nation of becoming too warned the nation of becoming too involved in foreign entanglementsinvolved in foreign entanglements

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The Federalists were also in favor of The Federalists were also in favor of establishing a Bank of the United States.establishing a Bank of the United States.

France insulted America when she refused France insulted America when she refused to see an American Minister and then asked to see an American Minister and then asked for a bribe and a loan from for other for a bribe and a loan from for other American ministers. This was called the American ministers. This was called the XYZ AffairXYZ Affair. .

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Undeclared War with FranceUndeclared War with France

Between 1798-99, we became involved in an Between 1798-99, we became involved in an undeclared war with France mostly due to the undeclared war with France mostly due to the following events:following events:

XYZ- The French refused to see an American XYZ- The French refused to see an American Ambassador and then refused to see an American Ambassador and then refused to see an American delegation unless a bribe and loan were arranged.delegation unless a bribe and loan were arranged.

France seized American shipsFrance seized American ships France interfered with our tradeFrance interfered with our trade The US captured 85 French shipsThe US captured 85 French ships The US stopped trade with FranceThe US stopped trade with France

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Election of 1800Election of 1800

After a bitter political campaign, Thomas After a bitter political campaign, Thomas Jefferson was elected President of the Jefferson was elected President of the United States in 1800.United States in 1800.

Power had been transferred peacefully from Power had been transferred peacefully from the Federalists to the Democratic the Federalists to the Democratic Republicans without a civil war or a bloody. Republicans without a civil war or a bloody. revolution.revolution.

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Questions with AnswersQuestions with Answers

1. Who became the first President of the United States? 1. Who became the first President of the United States? George WashingtonGeorge Washington

2. Who became the first Vice President of the United 2. Who became the first Vice President of the United States?States?

John AdamsJohn Adams

3. Who became the first Secretary of State of the United 3. Who became the first Secretary of State of the United States?States?

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

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4. Who became the first Secretary of the 4. Who became the first Secretary of the Treasury of the United States?Treasury of the United States?

Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton

5 What was Hamilton’s economic plan?5 What was Hamilton’s economic plan? Federal and state debts would be assumed Federal and state debts would be assumed

by the federal or national government and a by the federal or national government and a Bank of the United States would be Bank of the United States would be established.established.

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6. Washington served how many terms as 6. Washington served how many terms as President? President? TwoTwo

7. Southern states agreed to Hamilton’s plans, 7. Southern states agreed to Hamilton’s plans, including a National Bank if the national including a National Bank if the national government agreed to do what?government agreed to do what?

Establish a new national capitol in a southern Establish a new national capitol in a southern state.state.

8. Who became the 28. Who became the 2ndnd President of the US? President of the US? John AdamsJohn Adams

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9. What is the name of the incident in which 9. What is the name of the incident in which French agents attempted to bribe our French agents attempted to bribe our American diplomats? American diplomats? XYZ AffairXYZ Affair

10. What was the name of the resolutions 10. What was the name of the resolutions which stated that states had the right to which stated that states had the right to judge whether a federal law was judge whether a federal law was constitutional or not?constitutional or not?

Virginia and Kentucky ResolutionsVirginia and Kentucky Resolutions

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11. What laws were passed under the Presidency 11. What laws were passed under the Presidency of John Adams which gave the President the of John Adams which gave the President the power of deportation and the right to imprison power of deportation and the right to imprison critics of the government?critics of the government?

Alien and Sedition ActsAlien and Sedition Acts

12. What is the name of the treaty with Britain 12. What is the name of the treaty with Britain which was aimed at increasing trade and avoiding which was aimed at increasing trade and avoiding war, but many Americans believed the US sold out war, but many Americans believed the US sold out to the British? to the British? Jay’s TreatyJay’s Treaty

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13. Opposition to Jay’s Treaty and other 13. Opposition to Jay’s Treaty and other Federalists ideas eventually led to the Federalists ideas eventually led to the development of which other political party?development of which other political party?

Democratic Republican PartyDemocratic Republican Party

14. Who became the leader of the 14. Who became the leader of the Democratic Republican Party?Democratic Republican Party?

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

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15. Hamilton and the Federalists believed in a strict 15. Hamilton and the Federalists believed in a strict interpretation ( construction) or loose interpretation interpretation ( construction) or loose interpretation ( construction) of the Constitution?( construction) of the Constitution?

LooseLoose

16. What was the name of the slave rebellion in 16. What was the name of the slave rebellion in Richmond, Va. ? Richmond, Va. ? Prosser RebellionProsser Rebellion

17. What is the name of the French diplomat that 17. What is the name of the French diplomat that embarrassed the Washington administration by attempting embarrassed the Washington administration by attempting to recruit support for the French Revolution?to recruit support for the French Revolution?

GenetGenet

18. Who was elected President of the United States in 18. Who was elected President of the United States in 1800?1800?

Thomas Jefferson.Thomas Jefferson.

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