WASHINGTON STATE WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGYDEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY

WATER QUALITY PROGRAMWATER QUALITY PROGRAMAmy Jankowiak, Compliance Specialist, NWROAmy Jankowiak, Compliance Specialist, NWRO

(425) 649-7195(425) 649-7195ajan461@ecy.wa.gov

Kevin Fitzpatrick, Water Quality Section Manager, NWROKevin Fitzpatrick, Water Quality Section Manager, NWRO(425) 649-7033(425) 649-7033

kfit461@ecy.wa.gov

Ecology Website: Ecology Website: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/ecyhome.html

Cruise Ship Website: Cruise Ship Website: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/wastewater/cruise_mou/index.html

Department of EcologyDepartment of Ecology& the Water Quality Program& the Water Quality Program

OUR ROLE / MISSIONOUR ROLE / MISSION

To protect, preserve and enhance Washington’sTo protect, preserve and enhance Washington’s environment, and promote the wise environment, and promote the wise

management of our air, land and watermanagement of our air, land and water

To protect and restore Washington’s watersTo protect and restore Washington’s waters

GOALS:GOALS: Prevent pollutionPrevent pollution Clean pollutionClean pollution Support sustainable Support sustainable communities & natural resourcescommunities & natural resources Focus on cleaning up Puget SoundFocus on cleaning up Puget Sound

Cruise Ships in Washington WatersCruise Ships in Washington Waters

Cruise ships to Seattle 1999 Cruise ships to Seattle 1999 Early 2003: BMPs for cruise ship maintenance in PortEarly 2003: BMPs for cruise ship maintenance in Port May 2003: sludge discharge from vessel;May 2003: sludge discharge from vessel;

discussions - MOUdiscussions - MOU Local Economic Impact (2008)Local Economic Impact (2008)

– $274 million annual business$274 million annual business– 2,380 jobs2,380 jobsSource – Port of SeattleSource – Port of Seattle

Why Focus on Cruise ShipsWhy Focus on Cruise Ships Protect State watersProtect State waters Cruise ships are similar to small citiesCruise ships are similar to small cities

– We have a number of permitted wastewater treatment plants on land We have a number of permitted wastewater treatment plants on land smaller than the average cruiseship discharge volumesmaller than the average cruiseship discharge volume

– Moving outfallMoving outfall– Various waste streamsVarious waste streams– Operating a treatment system – part art, part science; upsets/problems Operating a treatment system – part art, part science; upsets/problems

occuroccur Unique shape of State/marine watersUnique shape of State/marine waters

– Ships can be greater than 3nm from shore and still in WA watersShips can be greater than 3nm from shore and still in WA waters– The Puget Sound is the second largest estuary in the U.S.The Puget Sound is the second largest estuary in the U.S.– Poor flushingPoor flushing

Shellfish protection – public healthShellfish protection – public health– Over 1000 miles of Approved and Prohibited Area shellfish shorelineOver 1000 miles of Approved and Prohibited Area shellfish shoreline

RegulationRegulation

CRUISE SHIP CRUISE SHIP DISCHARGESDISCHARGES

MEMORANDUM OF MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDINGUNDERSTANDING

CRUISE OPERATIONS IN CRUISE OPERATIONS IN WASHINGTON STATEWASHINGTON STATE

The MOUThe MOU

SHIPS COVERED:SHIPS COVERED:– NWCA member lines (all > 1day, all >250 passengers, NWCA member lines (all > 1day, all >250 passengers,

15 ships in 2008)15 ships in 2008)

SHIPS NOT COVERED:SHIPS NOT COVERED:– Non NWCA large cruise ships that come to WA Non NWCA large cruise ships that come to WA – Small cruise ships (if not part of NWCA, <250)Small cruise ships (if not part of NWCA, <250)– AK Marine Hwy System (out of Bellingham)AK Marine Hwy System (out of Bellingham)– WA State Ferries (to land)WA State Ferries (to land)– Other types of ships or boatsOther types of ships or boats

The MOUThe MOU Signed April 20, 2004Signed April 20, 2004

One day before start of cruise seasonOne day before start of cruise season Major componentsMajor components

– Defines “Waters subject to the MOU”Defines “Waters subject to the MOU”– Prohibits untreated blackwater and untreated graywater Prohibits untreated blackwater and untreated graywater

dischargesdischarges– Prohibits treated blackwater and treated graywater discharges Prohibits treated blackwater and treated graywater discharges

unless AWTS. Can be approved 2 different ways:unless AWTS. Can be approved 2 different ways: One nm away from berth and moving at six knotsOne nm away from berth and moving at six knots

– AWTS which meets Alaska certification standardsAWTS which meets Alaska certification standards– continuous TSS/turbidity and disinfection effectiveness monitoring with continuous TSS/turbidity and disinfection effectiveness monitoring with

immediate shut downimmediate shut down– Documentation prior to dischargeDocumentation prior to discharge

OROR ContinuouslyContinuously

– AWTS which meets Alaska certification standardsAWTS which meets Alaska certification standards– continuous TSS/turbidity and disinfection effectiveness monitoring with continuous TSS/turbidity and disinfection effectiveness monitoring with

immediate shut down, and UV just prior to dischargeimmediate shut down, and UV just prior to discharge– Documentation prior to dischargeDocumentation prior to discharge

The MOU cont. The MOU cont. Sampling, etc.Sampling, etc.

If approved for discharge, agree to:If approved for discharge, agree to:– Not discharge within ½ mile of shellfish bedsNot discharge within ½ mile of shellfish beds– Immediately stop discharges if high Immediately stop discharges if high

turbidity/disinfection system upset & notifyturbidity/disinfection system upset & notify– Sample and provide test resultsSample and provide test results– Meet limitsMeet limits– Vessel inspections Vessel inspections

AWTS sampling

The MOU cont. The MOU cont. Residual Solids Residual Solids

Residual Solids (biomass, sludge) Residual Solids (biomass, sludge) discharges prohibited in waters subject to discharges prohibited in waters subject to MOU, within 12 nautical miles from shore, MOU, within 12 nautical miles from shore, and within the Olympic Coast National and within the Olympic Coast National Marine SanctuaryMarine Sanctuary

The MOU cont.The MOU cont.OtherOther

Solid waste, discharge prohibitedSolid waste, discharge prohibited Hazardous waste managementHazardous waste management Oily Bilge waterOily Bilge water USCG jurisdictionUSCG jurisdiction Non-compliance notification, compliance Non-compliance notification, compliance

letterletter Annual meeting, Annual Report, Annual meeting, Annual Report,

Amendments, FundingAmendments, Funding

Advanced Wastewater Treatment Advanced Wastewater Treatment SystemsSystems

Typically = Secondary treatment plus Typically = Secondary treatment plus ultrafiltration followed by UV disinfectionultrafiltration followed by UV disinfection(Integrated systems of enhanced aerobic digestion and low-(Integrated systems of enhanced aerobic digestion and low-pressure membrane filtration, followed by UV disinfection)pressure membrane filtration, followed by UV disinfection)– Zenon – membrane bioreactor with ultrafiltrationZenon – membrane bioreactor with ultrafiltration– Rochem – reverse osmosisRochem – reverse osmosis– Scanship – biological-biofilm with polishing microfiltrationScanship – biological-biofilm with polishing microfiltration– Hamworthy – membrane bioreactor with ultrafiltrationHamworthy – membrane bioreactor with ultrafiltration

High quality effluentHigh quality effluentComparison of Advanced Treatment System Medians

  pH BOD5 TSS Total Residual Chlorine

Fecal Coliform

Units Standard units

mg/L mg/L mg/L MPN/100 ml

Rochem 7.28 14.9 0 0 0

Zenon 7.64 0 0 0 0

Scanship 6.94 10.9 7 0 0

Hamworthy

7.33 2.2 0 0 0

Source: ADEC Large Passenger Vessel Wastewater Discharge General Permit Information Sheet

MOU AmendmentsMOU Amendments

Amendments – July 2005, May 2006, May 2007, Amendments – July 2005, May 2006, May 2007, May 2008May 2008– Clarification changesClarification changes– Now covers other ports in WANow covers other ports in WA– Added requirement for annual compliance reportAdded requirement for annual compliance report– Specifies limits set for monitoring resultsSpecifies limits set for monitoring results– Expands sludge discharge prohibition to entire OCNMSExpands sludge discharge prohibition to entire OCNMS– DOH virus report recommendations incorporated (1/2 DOH virus report recommendations incorporated (1/2

mile from beds, disinfection system monitoring, mile from beds, disinfection system monitoring, shutdown and reportingshutdown and reporting

The MOU OverallThe MOU Overall

BenefitsBenefits– Without regulation specific to cruise ships (except VGP), Without regulation specific to cruise ships (except VGP),

at least have agreement in place to protect water qualityat least have agreement in place to protect water quality– Learning more about the vessels and equipment and Learning more about the vessels and equipment and

getting datagetting data– Procedure for notification of noncomplianceProcedure for notification of noncompliance– Still have enforcement capabilities for WQ violations and Still have enforcement capabilities for WQ violations and

press coverage if violate MOUpress coverage if violate MOU IssuesIssues

– Inability to enforce on the agreement itselfInability to enforce on the agreement itself– Lack of coverage of MOU for other vessels Lack of coverage of MOU for other vessels – Air quality issues not currently covered by the MOUAir quality issues not currently covered by the MOU

THE END!THE END!

QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?