water hammer arrestor - engineer's handbook

7/26/2019 Water Hammer Arrestor - Engineer's Handbook

1/22

Jay R.

SmithMfg. Co.

Engineer's Handbook ofWater Hammer Arresters

Stainless Steel Bellow Units and a

Generation of Innovative Piston Units

eaturing

:

P.O. Box 3237

Montgomery,

AL 36109-0237

P: 334-277-852

F: 334-272-739

www.jrsmith.co

CUSTOMER

DRIVEN

SMITH

NEWNW


2/22

Page 1 .................................................................................................................................. Index

Page 2 ..............................................................................................Conversions and Equivalent

Page 3,4 ................................ Engineered Mechanical Water Hammer Arresters Technical Dat

Page 5................................................................ Design, Construction and Operation HydrotrolPage 6,7 ........................................................ Sizing and Placement of Water Hammer Arrester

Page 8 ......................................................Stainless Steel Bellows Type Water Hammer Arrester

Page 9 ......................................................................................5005 to 5050 Hydrotrol Submitta

Page 10 ..................................................................................5060 Hy-Duty Hydrotrol Submitta

Page 11 ..............................................................................Piston Type Water Hammer Arrester

Page 12 ..................................................................................520-T Series Piston Type Submitta

Page 13................................................................................520-SC Series Piston Type Submitta

Page 14 ............................................................................................Fixture Unit Demand Chart

Page 15 ..........................................................Pipe Sizing Data for Copper Tubing-Smooth PipPage 16................................................................................Pipe Sizing Data-Fairly Smooth Pip

Page 17 ................................................................................Pipe Sizing Data-Fairly Rough Pip

Page 18 ............................................................................................Pipe Sizing Data-Rough Pip

Page 19........................................................................................................ Kinetic Energy Char

Page 20 .................................................................................................... Questions and Answer

Table of Contents

JAY R.

SMITH MFG. CO.DIVISION OF SMITH INDUSTRIES, INC.POST OFFICE BOX 3237

MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA 36109-0237 (USA)TEL: 334-277-8520 FAX: 334-272-7396 www.jrsmith.com

CUSTOMER

DRIVEN

SMITH

MEMBER OF:

ASPE

SANITARY

ENG

INEERIN

GPreven

tionRatherTha

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3/22

WEIGHT OF WATER

1 Cubic Inch = .0360 Pound

12 Cubic Inches = .433 Pound

1 Cubic Foot = 62.3 Pounds

1 Cubic Foot = 7.48 U.S. Gallons

1 U.S. Gallon = 8.33 Pounds

1 Imperial Gallon= 10.0 Pounds

TEMPERTURE

Celsius (Centigrade) X 9/5 ths, + 32

Fahrenheit -32 X 5/9 ths

TO METRIC

Known Multiply By To Obtain

LENGTH

Inches 2.54 Centimeters

Foot 30 Centimeters

Yards 0.91 Meters

Miles 1.6 Kilometers

AREA

Sq. Inches 6.5 Sq. Centimeters

Sq. Feet 0.09 Sq. Meters

Sq. Yards 0.8 Sq. Meters

Sq. Miles 2.6 Sq. Kilometers

Acres 0.4 Hectares

MASS

Ounces 28 Grams

Pounds 0.45 Kilograms

Short Ton 0.9 Metric Ton

VOLUME

Pints 0.47 Liters

Quarts 0.95 Liters

Gallons 3.8 Liters

Cubic Feet 0.03 Cubic Meters

Cubic Yards 0.76 Cubic Meters

SQUARE MEASURE EQUIVALENTS

144 Square Inches = 1 Square Foot

9 Square Feet = 1 Square Yard

30.25 Square Yards = 1 Square Rod

160 Square Yards = 1 Acre

640 Acres = 1 Square Mile

CUBIC MEASURE EQUIVALENTS

1728 Cubic Inches = 1 Cubic Foot

27 Cubic Feet = 1 Cubic Yard

TO U.S. STANDARD

Known Multiply By To Obtain

LENGTH

Millimeters 0.04 Inches

Centimeters 0.4 Inches

Meters 3.3 Feet

Kilometers 0.62 Miles

AREA

Sq. Centimeters 0.16 Sq. Inches

Sq. Meters 10.7638 Sq. Feet

Sq. Meters 1.2 Sq. Yards

Sq. Kilometers 0.4 Sq. Miles

Hectares 2.47 Acres

MASS

Grams 0.035 Ounces

Kilograms 2.2 Pounds

Metric Ton 1.1 Short Ton

VOLUME

Liters 2.1 Pints

Liters 1.06 Quarts

Liters 0.26 Gallons

Cubic Meters 35 Cubic Feet

Cubic Meters 1.3 Cubic Yards

CONVERSIONS AND EQUIVALENTS

2

Cu. Ft. Cu. Ft. U.S. Gallons U.S. Gallons U.S. Gallons Lb. H2O Lb. H2per sec. per min. per min. per hr. per 24 hr. per min. per hr

1 cu. ft. per sec. = 1 60 448.83 26,929.9 646,316.8 3741.00 224,46

1 cu. ft. per min. = 1/60 1 7.4805 448.83 10,771.2 62.35 3741.01 gal. per min. = 0.002228 0.1337 1 60 1440 8.3350 500

1 gal. per hr. = 3713x10-5 0.002280 1/60 1 24 0.1389 8.3350

1 gal. per 24 hr. = 1547x10-6 9283x10-5 6944x10-4 1/24 1 0.005788 0.3473

1 lb. H2O per min. = 2673x10-3 0.01604 0.1200 7.1986 172.7658 1 60

1 lb. H2O per hr. = 4455x10-5 2673x10-3 0.0020 0.1200 2.8794 1/60 1

Flow Equivalents

EXPONENTIAL METHOD OF EXPRESSING NUMBERSFor convenience in writing & manipulation, numbers are often expressed as factors of appropriate powers of 10.

The figures: 10-1 10-2 10-3 101 102 103 Denote0.1 0.01 0.001 10 100 1000 Respectively


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SHOCK INTENSITY

Quick valve closure is defined as the closure time equal to or less than2L seconds. This will cause maximum pressure rise. This pressure rise

can be calculated by using Joukowskys formula.

PR =WaV (PSI)

144g

PR -pressure rise above flow pressure in pounds per square inchW- the specific weight of liquid, pounds per cubic feet (62.4 for

water)a -the velocity of pressure wave, feet per second (4,000 to

4,500 feet per second average for water)V -the change of velocity - feet per secondg- acceleration due to gravity - Ft./Sec. 2 (32.2)L - the length of pipe in feet from point of valve closure to point

of relief

Point of relief is a larger mass of water in the system to which the

branch is connected. Point of relief could be a larger diameter main or

riser, water tank or hot water boiler.

Quick closure can produce an approximate pressure rise of 60 times the

velocity of flow. Most systems are designed to have flow velocities

between 5 and 10 feet per second. Therefore, shock pressures can range

between 300 and 600 pounds per square inch. Fig. 1 shows the unprotec

ed system which was subjected to quick closure.

Shock waves of the magnitube shown can cause tremendous damage and

inconvenience. Water distribution systems unprotected against the destru

tive forces of water hammer can cause:

. Ruptured piping. Offensive noise and vibration

.Damaged water meter

. Damage and possible rupture of tanks and water heaters. Leaks at threaded connections. Damaged valves. Damaged to various pressure regulartors, gauges, and anyother miscellaneous equipment in the system. Loss of business and goodwill when vital services must becurtailed for any of the reasons listed above

The destructive forces of water hammer working progressively on a

system can cause premature failure of the piping, equipment, and

controls.

SAFE LIMITS OF PRESSURE RISE

Most plumbing valves and fittings are designed for 150 pound maximumworking pressure; therefore, it is desirable that the pressure rise due to

quick closure be kept under the 150 pound per square inch figure.

YOU CANT ALWAYS HEAR

WATER HAMMER

It is commonly thought that water hammer exists only when accompani

by hammering sounds and rattling noises. This is not necessarily so. Wat

hammer can occur without any audible sound or vibration. Under

these conditions the piping system is still subjected to the destructive forc

of water hammer and the resultant damage.

(Connected toOscillograph)

480 P.S.I.

Peak

QuickClosingValve

TYPICAL HIGHPRESSURE RISEIN SYSTEM

UNPROTECTEDAS SEEN ON ANOSCILLOGRAPH

DEFINITION

Water Hammer is a term used to define the destructive forces, pounding

noises, and vibrations which develop in a piping system when a column

of non-compressible liquid flowing through a pipe line at a given pres-

sure and velocity is stopped abruptly. The tremendous forces generated

at the point of impact or stoppage can be compared in effect to that of an

explosion.

CAUSE AND EFFECT

Water Hammer is caused by the quick closing of electrial, pneumatic or

spring-loaded valves as well as quick hand closure of fixture trim.

Modern plumbing fixtures use qick closing handle trim and single lever

faucets, which tend to increase the possibility to water hammer prob-

lems. Therefore, it is imperative that protection against water hammer is

designed into the original water distribution system of all buildings.

Water flowing through a pipe has a definite amount of energy of flow.

This is known as kinetic energy and can be calculated by using the for-

mula:

KE = MV2

2g

KE - kinetic energy

M - mass of water which is flowing

V - velocitry of flow

g - acceleration due to gravity - 32.2 Ft./Sec.2

When the flow of water in a system is abruptly stopped, this kinetic ener-

gy must be absorbed. In an unprotected piping system this energy is dis-

sipated by straining and expanding the piping and various components in

the system and is accompanied by a dangerous pressure rise in the sys-

tem.

Fig. 1 illustrates the sequence of flow when a valve or quick closing is

suddenly closed. Fig.1 (a) depicts water discharging freely through aquick closing valve. Fig. 1 (b) shows the piping after quick closure.

Water, being non-compressible, piles up against the seat of the quick clo-

seing valve and a shock wave is created which rebounds back and forth

in the piping system. Fig. 1 (c) indicates the shock wave rebounding all

the way to the main or some point of relief. At the point of relief there is

a reversal in pressure wave and it travels back toward the point of clo-

sure. This sequence of pressure wave generation continues until it is

dampened out and the energy is dissipated.

The shock wave created by a quick closure travels through the piping

system from the point of closure to the point of relief at approximately

4,000 to 4,500 feet per second.

ENGINEERED MECHANICALWATER HAMMER A RRESTE RS

a

CUSTOMER

DRIVEN

SMITH

(A)

(B)

(C)

Fig. 1


5/22

REQUIRED AIR CHAMBER FAILURE

Nominal FLOW Volume Exceeded

Pipe Dia. Conditions Cu. In. Diameter Hight 150 P.S.I.G. Total

1/2 Length Pipe 30 3/4 56.7 1st Hour 2nd Day

3/4 50 Ft. 50 1 58.2 1st Hour 3rd Day1 Flow Pressure 75 1 1/4 50 1st Hour 2nd Day

1 1/4 60 P.S.I.G. 110 1 1/2 54 1st Hour 2nd Day

1 1/2 Velocity 170 2 50.5 1st Hour 1st Day

2 10 Ft./Sec. 300 3 40.5 1st Hour 2nd Day

CONTROL OF WATER HAMMER

The old conventional method of controlling water hammer has been the pipe capped

air chamber. Unforturately, this antiquated method is still used, even though the air

chamber cannot control water hammer due to many inherent limitations.

Traditionally, air chambers have been installed using random lengths of pipe, usually

the same nominal size as the branch to which they are connected. Air chambers are

found to be as short as just several inches to a maximum of 18 inches as specified in

some codes.

S. M. Dawson and A. A. Kalinske of the Iowa Institute of Hydraulic

Research in their Technical Bulletin #3, titled WATER SUPPLY

PIPING FOR THE PLUMBING SYSTEM determined after a series of tests, the rec-

ommended volume of air chambers for various conditions of pipe size, length of run,

flow pressure and velocity. Table 1 indicates some of their recommendations.

AIR CHAMBERS MUST BE CONSTANTLY MAINTAINED

-Air chambers vary quickly become water logged and must be constant-

ly maintained if they are to offer even minimal amount of protection.

Recharing often can be accomplished only by draining the complete sys-

tem. This type of maintenance on a periodic basis is very expensive and

in most building is impossible to perform, since the water supply system

cannot be shut down.

The SolutionSMITH HYDROTROL

An Engineered, Mechanical

WATER HAMM ER ARRESTERThe extreme limitations of the air chamber have been conclusively

proven and documented by independent testing laboratories and

university researchers. Therefore, it must be concluded that the only

modern means ofprotection of the water distribution system from the

destructive forces of water hammer is the installation of an Engineered,

Mechanical Water Hammer Arrester.

The Smith HYDROTROL is a device which offers positive protection.

HYDROTROLS are completely described on the following pages.

Extremely large air chambers are necessary to temporarily control water hammer

shock to acceptable levels. It may be concluded that ideally sized air chambers are

excessive in size. Therefore, the usual short air chamber made of random length

pieces of pipe offers extremely limited protection. It is also interesting to note that in

sizing the ideal air chamber the pipe diameter of the chamber is increased one nom-

inal size so that the necessary volume can be attained.

AIR CHAMBERS OFFER ONLY

TEMPORARY PROTECTION

Pipe capped air chambers quickly become water logged (completely

filled with water) and are rendered ineffective in the system. Conclusive tests per-

formed at an independent testing laboratory prove that even ideally sized air cham-

bers (sized by the Dawson and Kelinske method) will quickly become water logged

and ineffective. Table 1 also shows some typical results of tests run on ideally sized

air chambers.All air chambers show in the table failed within the first hour. The unit

was considered as having failed when it allowed the pressure rise in the system to go

above 150 P.S.I.G. The same air chambers were completely water logged within three

days. This is conclusive and documented proof that air chambers very quickly become

water logged and offer no protection to the system against the destructive forces of

water hammer.

AIR CHAMBERS LOSE MOST OF THEIR INITIALAIR

VOLUME WHEN STATIC WATER PURESSURE IS APPLIED

Most of the air change in a newly changed air chamber is depleted when the initial

pressure is turned on the system. Fig. 2 shows a fully changed air chamber with no

pressure applied to the system. When water pressure is applied to the system, the

amount of air change loss is dependent in the magnitude of the static water pressure.

As an example, an air chamber subjected to intial pressure of 45 pounds per square

inch will lose 75% of its intial air volume.

Table 1

SMALL IN SIZEHYDROTROL shown is certified to out perform excessive

large Ideally Sized Air Chamber

V2

V2 = remaining airchange after staticwater pressure isapplied

Air Change(no Staticpressure)

Fig. 2

COMPARITIVE ENDURANCE TEST300

280

260

240220

200

180

160

140

120

1000 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

HYDROTROL

AIR CHAM

BERNO

.1

AIR CHA

MBER

NO.2

MAXSURGEPRESSURE

(P.S.I.G.)

HIGH IN PERFORMANCELimits pressure use to

under 150 P.S.I.

PERMANET PERFORMANCEHYDROTROL continues to functi

for the life-time of the piping.

4


6/22

Pressurized compression chamber charged and factory sealed. Controls

bellows expansion under normal water-line pressure so that full expan-

sion capacity is available to control shock.

Welded NestingType Expansion Bellows

In-Line DesignDirect action type bellows respond instantly to control

shock pressure.

Threaded Nipple ConnectionThreads directly into tee.

With HYDROTROL'S in-line design, expansion bellows are an integral

part of the waterline, so that they respond instantaneously in absorbing

and controlling hydrostatic shock.

A pressurized compression chamber provides a pneumatic cushion that

governs the bellows' expansion under normal waterline pressure, so that

the full bellows expansion capacity is available for controlling hydrostat-

ic shock.

The bellows are of balanced design and construction with heavier and

stronger convolutions positioned in the bellows assembly to insure each

convolution expanding evenly and equally, thereby providing the maxi-

mum surface area for absorbing and dissipating the shock pressure into

the pneumatic cushion.

As shock occurs, bellows expand, creating a pneumatic pressure cushion

which absorbs and controls shock.

Bellows in expanded position due to the hydrostatic shock in the system.

As hydrostatic shock occurs, these pressures cause the bellows to expand

into the pneumatic cushion of the compression chamber. This expanding

movement of the bellows provides the displacement required to absorb

and control the shock pressure generated in the line. The force of the

shock expanding the bellows creates a self-energizing pneumatic pres-

sure, which prevents the bellows from over-expanding and coming into

contact with the top of the compression chamber.

The combined cushioning effect of both the pneumatic and hydraulic

pressures governs the bellows action, so that shock waves do not bounce

back into the piping system and acts to quickly stabilize the water and

piping system.

Built to last without mechanical failure or material deterioration, the

HYDROTROL unit is constructed entirely of stainless steel.

HYDROTROL uses heavy duty balanced expansion bellows to internally

absorb the hydrostatic shock pressure occurring in water lines. These bellows

are both pneumatically and hydraulically controlled in a pressurized expansion

chamber so that they never come into metal to metal contact with other parts

of the unit, and cannot be subjected to excessive stresses or strains which

might cause metal fatigue and bellows failure.

Stainless steel construction combined with unique engineered design make

HYDROTROL -

Compact in sizeBig in performanceMaximum capacityLight-weight - needs no support strapsRequires no service or maintenance

Extremely durable - May be installed in concealed areas

Design Construction Operation

Bellows in normal position

Unit absorbing shock


7/22

SIZING - Single and Multiple Fixture Branch

Lines

Most engineers employ the fixture unit method of sizing water piping systems.

Smith uses the P.D.I. simplified method of sizing HYDROTROLS based on fix-

ture unit weight. The correct size HYDROTROL can therefore be specified and

located at the same time that the pipe sizes are determined.

Table 1 indicates the fixture unit weights for most popular plumbing fixtures and is

based upon information offered in the National Plumbing Code. Certain local codesmay vary and should be reviewed prior to using Table 1.

Table 1

Table 2 indicates fixture unit ratings for P.D.I. certified water hammer arrester cat-

egories and the corresponding Smith HYDROTROL for each category. Where

several fixtures are installed in a branch usually only one fixture valve at a time

will be closed. Table 2 takes into consideration other design factors including the

simultaneous usage of one or more fixtures, pipe size, length, flow pressure and

velocity. Therefore, this method offers a simple fast determination of the proper

size water hammer arrester for a given battery of plumbing fixtures.

HYDROTROL SIZING TABLE

NOTE: When Water Pressure in line exceeds 65 psi, specify the next larger Hydrotrol.

Plumbing and Drainage Institute established these size symbols to correspondto those units covered by the Certification and Testing Program described in P.D.I.Standard Manual WH-201.

Find fixture unit weight of each fixture using Table 1. Total the fixture units

weights for both hot and cold branches.

Cold Water Branch

2 WC. at 10 F.U. ea. = 20 Hot Water Branch

4 Lav. at 1 1/2 F.U. ea. = 6 4 Lav. at 1 1/2 F.U. ea. = 6

Total 26 Total 6

Select P.D.I. "B" Unit Select P.D.I. "A" unit

Select correct size HYDROTROL using Table 2.

Cold Water Branch Hot Water Branch

Fig. 5010 Fig. 5005

Find fixture unit weight of each fixture using Table 1. Total the fixture unit

weights for both hot and cold water branches.

PLACEMENT

It has been established that the preferred location for the water hammer arreste

is at the end of the branch line between the last two fixtures served.

Two basic rules were established - one for branches up to 20 ft. in length, and

another for branches over 20 ft. in length.

Rule 1, covers multiple fixture branch lines which do not exceed 20 ft. in

length. Hydrotrol Sizing Table 2 is used to select the required unit.

Rule 2, covers multiple fixture branch lines which do exceed 20 ft. in length

Hydrotrol Sizing Table 2 is used to select the required units. The sum of th

Fixture Unit Ratings of units X and Y shall be equal to or greater than th

demand of the branch.

Y X

OVER 20 FT

SIZING AND PLACEMENT OF HYDROTROLS

All Sizing and Placement Data is in Accordance with Plumbing and Drainage Institute Standard PDI WH-201

P.D.I.

SYMBOLS A B C D E F

HYDROTROL 5005 5010 5020 5030 5040 5050Fixture

Unit 1-11 12-32 33-60 61-113 114-154 155-330Rating

P.D.I. "A" (Fig. 5005)

P.D.I. "B" (Fig. 5010)

P.D.I. "A" (Fig. 5005)

P.D.I. "C" (Fig. 5020)

Riser

Typical Branch Line

HYDROTROL

X

UP TO 20 FT

Cold Water Branch

2 WC. at 10 F.U. ea. .....= 20

2 Ur. at 5 F.U. ea.............. = 10 Hot Water Branch

4 Lav. at 1 1/2 F.U. ea. = 6.... 4 Lav. at 1 1/2 F.U. ea. = 6

Total 36 Total 6

Select P.D.I. "C" unit Select P.D.I. "A" unit

Select correct size HYDROTROL using Table 2.

Cold Water Branch Hot Water Branch

Fig. 5020 Fig. 5005

Rule 1

Rule 2

SIZING

Example 2

Example 1

Table 2

Weight in Fixture Units

Type of Supply Public Private

Fixture Control C.W. H.W. C.W. H.W.Water Closet Flush Valve 10 - 6 -Water Closet Flush Tank 5 - 3 -Pedestal Urinal Flush Valve 10 - - -Stall or Wall Urinal Flush Valve 5 - - -Stall or Wall Urinal Flush Tank 3 - - -Lavatory Faucet 1 1/2 1 1/2 1 1Bathtub Faucet 2 3 1 1/2 1 1/2Shower Head Mixing Valve 2 3 1 2Bathroom Group Flush Valve Closet - - 8 3Bathroom Group Flush Tank Closet - - 6 3Separate Shower Mixing Valve - - 1 2

Service Sink Faucet 3 3 - -Laundry Tubs (1-3) Faucet - - 3 3Combination Fixture Faucet - - 3 3

6


8/22

EXAMPLE OF SIZING

AND PLACEMENT

PLACEMENT ON EXTRA LONG BATTERIES

It is recommended that for extra long branches (in excess of 40' in length), the watersupply should tie into the branch at some mid-point location. The example shows a

branch of approximately 60' in length which can be fed at some mid-point location;

thus applying Rules #1 and #2 at either side of the feed line for sizing and placement.

SIZING AND PLACEMENT IN

MULTI-STORY BUILDINGS

By using Rules #1 and #2 almost every battery situation can be sized and the

HYDROTROLS properly located. Fig. 1 shows the method of sizing and placement

in a typical multi-story building which has a great variety of fixtures and fixture

locations.

LONG RUNS OF PIPING TO SINGLE

FIXTURES, APPLIANCES OR EQUIPMENT

Table 3 indicates the size HYDROTROL required for long runs of piping which

a single remote fixture or appliance. HYDROTROL unit should be sized by u

Table 3 and located as close to the point of quick closure as possible.

Note: Table 3 shows lengths of run of branch piping. The length of run used sh

be the length of the pipe from the point of valve closure to a point of relief, suc

a large pipe twice the size of the branch line, main line or water tank.

All sizing recommendations shown in Table 3 are based on an operating water p

sure of 65 PSI or under and an average velocity between 5 and 10 feet per sec

If operating pressures are over 65 PSI use the next larger HYDROTROL unit. W

pressures are anticipated above 85 PSI a pressure reducing valve is recommend

Long Run of Piping

HYDROTROL

Quick Closure Valve

Shock Outlet

HYDROTROL

QuickClosureValve

BRANCH C.W. LINE

BRANCH

C.W.

H.W.

BRANCH

C.W.

H.W.

F.U.

36

6

HYDROTROL

5020

5005

F.U.

47 1/2

7 1/2

HYDROTROL

5020

5005

BRANCH

C.W.

H.W.

F.U.

64

9

HYDROTROL

2-5010

2-5005

BRANCH

C.W.

H.W.

F.U.

65

15

HYDROTROL

2-5020

2-5005

BRANCH

C.W.

F.U.

110

HYDROTROL

2-5020

OVER 20'FIG 5020 FIG 5020

1st FL.

2nd FL.

OVER 20'

3rd FL.

BRANCH H.W. LINEOVER 20'

4TH FL.

5TH FL.

C.W.H.W.H.W. CIRC

"B"

"A"

UP TO 20 FT

"C" "B" "B"

UP TO 20 FT OVER 20 FT

SIZING EXAMPLE

Fig. 1

CONDITIONS:

Pipe Size ...............................1 1/4"

Length of Run ......................100 ft.

Flow Pressure ................53 P.S.I.G.

Velocity .............................8 ft./sec.

RECOMMENDATION:

Smith Fig. 5050 HYDROTROL installed as shown

HYDROTROL SELECTION CHART

LENGTH NOMINAL PIPE SIZE

OF PIPE 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2"

25 5005 5005 5010 5020 5030 5040

50 5005 5010 5020 5030 5040 5050

75 5010 5020 50301-5005

50501-5040

1-5040 1-5050

100 5020 5030 5040 5050 1-5020 2-50501-5050

125 5020 5030 50501-5005 1-5040 1-5040

1-5050 1-5050 2-5050

150 5030 5040 50501-5030

2-5050 3-50501-5050

Table 3

OVER 20 FT

"B""A""A"

"B"

EXAMPLE OF RULE 1

EXAMPLE OF RULE 2

EXAMPLE OF RULES 1 AND 2

Open Tank

Cold Water Branch = 26 Fixture Units

Requires P.D.I. Unit B or Fig. 5010Hot Water Branch = 6 Fixture Units

Requires P.D.I. Unit A or Fig. 5005

Cold Water Branch = 52 Fixture Units

Requires two P.D.I. Units B or two Fig. 5010

Hot Water Branch = 12 Fixture Units

Requires two P.D.I. Units A or two Fig. 5005

Up to 20 ft. - Cold Water Branch = 60 Fixture Units

Requires P.D.I. Unit "C" or Fig. 5020

Over 20 ft. - Cold Water Branch = 60 Fixture Units

Requires two P.D.I. Units "B" or two Fig. 5010


9/22

STAINLESS STEELBELLOWS TYPE WATER HAMMER ARRESTERS

ALL STAINLESS STEEL

Smiths bellows arresters are constructed entirely of 304 stainlesssteel for maximum corrosion resistance and decades of reliableoperation. This construction eliminates the possibility of galvaniccorrosion between dissimilar materials within the structure of the

arrester.

ALL-WELDED CONSTRUCTION

There are no o-ring seals, crimp joints, or other weak links inthe structure. All joints are gas-tungsten arc welded (GTAW) orresistance welded stainless steel to stainless steel. This construc-tion results in a burst pressure greater than 2000 psi, giving a mar-gin of safety over 13 times the maximum operating pressure of atypical 150 psi water system.

TOTALLY METALLIC, WELDED STAINLESS STEEL GASCHARGE CONTAINMENT

The goal of an engineered water hammer arrester is long life, andthis can only be achieved by absolute containment of the gascharge. In the Smith arrester, the gas charge is completelyenveloped in stainless steel. From the outer containment to thehighly flexible, edge welded bellows, the gas charge is confinedin an impermeable metallic enclosure.

BELLOWS EMPLOYS CONICAL ID/OD DESIGN DEVEL-OPED BY BATTELLE LABORATORY FOR MINIMUMOPERATING STRESS, ULTRA-LONG LIFE

The bellows in a water hammer arrester provides a flexible barri-er between the water system and the gas charge. In Smithsarresters, the bellows is unique: It employs a design that wasdeveloped by Battelle Laboratories in which the inner and outeredges are tilted into a conical shape. This contour distributesstresses throughout the entire bellows diaphragm. While this getsdeep into the engineering of the arrester, it points to a highlyadvanced configuration not used by other bellows designsonethat assures reliable life measured in decades. It also provides themost compact design available.

WELDED GAS CHARGE SEAL

As with all other aspects of the design, the fill point is also weld-ed closed with stainless steel for permanency.

100 PERCENT TESTED ON HELIUM MASS SPECTROMETER 10,000 TIMES MORE SENSITIVE THAN A BUBBLETESTMEANS PERMANENT GAS CHARGE, NO LEAKDOWN. EVERY WELD AND EVERY SURFACE OF GASCONTAINMENT IS LEAK TESTED

To assure that every inch of weld and every surface of bellowsand outer containment is leak-free, Smith bellows arresters aretested with the most sensitive leak detection method possiblethe helium-sensitive mass spectrometer. The mass spectrometecan detect a leak so small that it would take ten years to form abubble the size of a pea. This technique, used on aerospace prod-ucts, gives the maximum assurance possible of leak-free gascharge containment.

GAS CHARGE INERT DRY NITROGEN AND DRY HELIUMMIX FOR MAXIMUM STABILITY

While other arresters are charged with air, Smiths bellowsarresters are charged with a dry nitrogen/dry helium mix. This

affords maximum stability in surge absorption under all operatingconditions, and gives us a small trace of helium to perform ourleak test.

TOTALLY DRY DESIGN; NO OIL IN GAS CHARGENOPOSSIBLE CONTAMINATION

Early arrester designs incorporated mineral oil in with the gascharge to fill up excess volume. Without this, the older arrestershad very limited surge absorption. Through a highly efficientdesign, Smiths arresters are dry, in that they contain no oilThis is significant in that should a bellows fail, there is no oil toescape and contaminate a drinking water system. In a hospital orapartment, this could be devastating. Smith arresters will helpkeep potable water systems potable.

BURST PRESSURE IN EXCESS OF 2000 PSIDiscussed above

ONE OF THE SMALLEST ARRESTERS AVAILABLE INSTANDARD PDI SIZES

The advanced engineering of Smiths arresters allows physicasize to be reduced considerably below older competitor unitsasmuch as 25% smaller. They are less expensive to ship and will fiinto tight plumbing spaces that would exclude competitor units.

PDI TESTED AND CERTIFIED

STATEMENT OF GUARANTEE POLICYJay R. Smith Mfg. Co. Hydrotrols have a lifetime guaranteeagainst defective materials and workmanship when installed andsized in accordance with the manufacturers instructions and/orP.D.I. Standard W.H.-201.

8


10/22

REV. DATE DESCRIPTION BY CKD. BY

WEIGHT

POUNDS

VOLUME

CUBIC FEETFIGURE NUMBER

LOCATION

FIGURE

NUMBER

DIMENSIONSARESUBJECTTOMANUFACTURERSTOLERANCEANDCHANGEWITHOUTNOTICE

WECANASSUMEN

ORESPONSIBILITYFORUSEOFSUPERSEDEDORVOIDDATA

DRAWNBY:

CHECKEDBY:

APPROVEDBY:

DATE:

SCALE:

SIZE

DRAWIN

GNUMBER

C

3.25 (83)3.25 (83)

3.25 (83)

3.25 (83)

3.25 (83)

3.25 (83)

HYDROTROLSENGINEERED WATER HAMMER ARRESTERS

FUNCTION: Quick closing electrical, pneumatic, spring loaded valves or devices, and the quick hand closure of fixture trim can

cause destructive "water hammer". Engineered water hammer arresters ("Hydrotrols") employ a permanently sealed cushion of air

or gas which absorbs the energy of water hammer and reduces pressure rise in the piping system to a safe level. Hydrotrol units,

correctly sized and placed at specific locations in the water piping system will control the destructive shock of water hammer.

RECOMMENDED SPECIFICATION FOR HYDROSTATIC SHOCK CONTROL

Smith series 5000 "Hydrotrol" all stainless steel shock absorbers shall be installedat all solenoid, remote operated or quick closing valves and at each plumbing

fixture or battery of plumbing fixtures. Install on both hot and cold water branchlines in an upright position as close as possible to the valve or valves being served.Sizes and locations as indicated on drawings.

PCN/

Fig. No.

5005

5010

5020

5030

5040

5050

P.D.I.

Symbol

A

B

C

D

E

F

Fixture Unit

Rating

1-1112-32

33-60

61-113

114-154

155-330

A

SIZE

3/4 (19)

1 (25)

1 (25)

1 (25)

1 (25)

1 (25)

B

2.62 (67)2.97 (75)

3.59 (91)

5.14 (131)

5.52 (140)

6.67 (169)

Hydrotrols Fig. 5005 to 5050 inclusive have been

tested and certified in accordance with the Plumbing

and Drainage Institute "Standard P.D.I. WH-201"

Hydrotrols are pre-charged andpermanently sealed at the factory

All hydrotrols are constructed

entirely of stainless steel.

NOTE:Sizing information on reverse side.

5005 - 5050

5005-5050

NOTE:Dimensions shown in parentheses are in millimeters.

D

1.40 (36)

1.69 (43)

2.19 (56)

3.24 (82)

4.12 (105)

5.28 (134)

Conforms to ASSE 1010

C

B

90

A

CompressionChamber

Shell

Nipple

Units: A, B, C, & D

D

C

B

CompressionChamber

Shell

Units: E & F

D

90

A

JAY R.

SMITH MFG. CO.DIVISION OF SMITH INDUSTRIES, INC.POST OFFICE BOX 3237

MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA 36109-0 237 (USA)

TEL: 334-277-8520 FAX: 334-272-7396 www.jrsmith.comCUSTOMER

DRIVEN

SMITH

MEMBER OF:

ASPE

SANITARY

ENG

INEERIN

GPreve

ntionRatherT

han

Cure


11/22

REV. DATE DESCRIPTION BY CKD. BY

WEIGHT

POUNDS

VOLUME

CUBIC FEETFIGURE NUMBER

LOCATION

FIGURE

NUMBER

DIMENSIONSARESUBJECTTOMANUFACTURERSTOLERANCEANDCHANGEWITH

OUTNOTICE

WECANASSUMENORESPONSIBILITYFORUSEOFSUPERSEDEDORVOIDDATA

DRAWNBY:

CHECKEDBY:

APPROVEDBY:

DATE:

SCALE:

SIZEA

DRAWINGNUMBER

HY-DUTY HYDROTROL WITH PRESSURE GAUGE ANDVALVE CHARGING VEHICLE

FUNCTION: The Fig. 5060 Hy-Duty Hydrotrol has been designed expressly for severe hydrostatic shock conditions thatcan occur in commercial laundry machines, bus washing stands and high capacity pumping systems. This unit will absorbthe excessive surge pressures and eliminate the annoying and dangerous water hammer that results whenever a solenoidor quick closing valve is suddenly closed. Both the piping system and expensive equipment on the line are safeguardedagainst the damaging effects of the hydrostatic shock.

RECOMMENDED SPECIFICATIONWhere indicated on plans, water hammer arresters shall be Smith Hy-Duty Hydrotrol Fig. 5060 constructed entirely ofstabilized 18-8 stainless steel having welded stainless steel bellows in a pressurized chamber with pressure gauge andair valve and sized according to factory recommendation.

4 1/2 (115) DIA

2(51)

2 1/4

(57)

8 1/4(210)

2 (50)SIZE

Pressure Gauge

(permits checking ofpressurized chamberand facilitates a readingif chamber pressure has

to be increased)

Pressurized Chamber

(pre-charged at thefactory for specificinstallations)

Hydraulic Liquid

Bellows

Nipple

Aluminum Cap

Air Valve and Cap

(permits easy adjustmentof charging pressure inchamber while installed)

Shell

For further information on sizing and application of the Hy-DutyHydrotrol consult your local Jay R. Smith representative or thefactory.

5060

5060

NOTE:Dimensions shown in

parentheses are in millimeters.

JAY R.

SMITH MFG. CO.DIVISION OF SMITH INDUSTRIES, INC.POST OFFICE BOX 3237MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA 36109-0237 (USA)

TEL: 334-277-8520 FAX: 334-272-7396 www.jrsmith.comCUSTOMER

DRIVEN

SMITH

MEMBER OF:

ASPE

SANITARY

ENG

INEERIN

GPreve

ntionRatherT

han

Cu

re

10


12/22

1

PISTON TYPE WATER HAMMER ARRESTERS

The piston type water hammer arrester is designed to be compact in size allowing for installation in a 2 x 4 wall spaceand installed at any angle whether it be upright, horizontally or any angle in between. The casing is all copper tube spunclosed at the top to provide a seamless constructed unit permanently sealing a 60 PSIG air charge cushion above a two oring piston. A NPT solid hex bass adapter is provided at the bottom of the unit for fast and easy installation to the potablepiping system. The two EPDM o-rings are lubricated with Dow Corning, FDA approved 111 Silicone Compound. The pistonis HHPP and is tested for charge leakage and proper charge pressure. The unit is available in either male thread or malesweat end connection. The sweat unit is designed with the appropriate heat sink length to allow soldering of the connectionwithout concern of damaging the piston unit. It is designed to operate with domestic or commercial potable water systems.The temperature range is 33 F to 250 F.

ASSE TESTED AND LISTED

JRS Products Piston Type Water Hammer Arresters

JRS Products Piston Type Water Hammer Arresters are guaranteed against defective materials and workmanship for the

life of the piping system when installed and sized in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, P.D.I. Standard W.H.201 and/or ASSE Standard 1010.

This guarantee includes any part proving defective but excludes any unit tampered with or field modified. All units must bereturned to Jay R. Smith Mfg. Co. for evaluation. The defective unit must be returned to the factory within thirty days withthe name of the contractor or purchaser and a description of the installation.

All claims must be handled through the wholesaler from whom the product was originally purchased. Wholesaler willexchange defective unit on request of the purchaser and send the unit to Jay R. Smith Mfg. Co. or their local sales repre-sentative.


13/22

SERIES 520-T

Water Hammer ArresterPiston Type Water Hammer Arresters, Series 520-T

60

psig

charge Arrester Chamber, cold rolled

and spun closed seamlesschamber

Pipe Size

B

Poly piston. Two EPDMO-rings, pressure-lubricatedwith Dow-Corning 111 SiliconeCompound, FDA approved.

Seamless Spun Reduction

Lead Free Solder Joint

Standard wrought copperadapter with wrench hex

APressurized air cushion

NPT, male thread

Product Description: Recommended for plumbing fixtures in office buildings, retail, schools, hospitals,correctional facilities, and public buildings. Threaded connection piston type water hammer arrestersconsists of seamless, cold rolled and spun closed copper; pressurized arrester chamber; poly piston withtwo EPDM O-rings.

Features and Benefits:

. Designed to absorb and control shock pressure in water lines from surges during quick valve closure. Maximum rated suge pressure: 350 P.S.I.G.. Operating line flow pressure up to 60 P.S.I.G.. Working temperature range: 33 to 250 F. Listed by the American Society of Sanitary Engineers to ASSE 1010 Standard. Certified and tested by U.S. Testing Co. Inc., Tulsa, OK to ASSE 1010 Standard. IAPMO Listed, File No. 4785

For flow pressures up to 60 P.S.I.G.

Lengthof

Pipe

Nominal Pipe Diameter

1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2

25 A A B C D E

50 A B C D E F75 B C D AE F E100 C D E F CF F125 C D F AF EF E150 D E F DF FF F

Listed:

Threaded Connection Piston Water Hammer ArresterSeries 520-T

WATER HAMMER ARRESTER SIZING CH

NOTE: Dimensional date is subject to manufacturing tolerances and change without notice*NOTE: AA size for residential applications onlyNOTE: Per ASSE Standard, systems exceeding 60 P.S.I.G.shall be installed with a pressure reducing valve upstream of the unit

Smith Pipe Air Dimensions Fixture Unit

Fig. No. Size, NTP Size Change A B (DIA) Capacity

520-T-AA 1/2 AA* 60 psig 5.56 875 Residential520-T-A 1/2 A 60 psig 6.875 1.125 1 to 11520-T-B 3/4 B 60 psig 8.69 1.38 12 to 32

520-T-C 1 C 60 psig 12.00 1.38 33 to 60

520-T-D 1-1/4 D 60 psig 12.00 2.13 61 to 113

520-T-E 1-1/2 E 60 psig 14.56 2.13 114 to 154

520-T-F 2 F 60 psig 16.38 2.13 155 to 330

12


14/22

SERIES 520-SC

Water Hammer ArresterPiston Type Water Hammer Arresters, Series 520-SC

Product Description: Recommended for plumbing fixtures in office buildings, retail, schools, hospitals,correctional facilities, and public buildings. Threaded connection piston type water hammer arrestersconsists of seamless, cold rolled and spun closed copper; pressurized arrester chamber; poly piston withtwo EPDM O-rings.

Features and Benefits:

. Designed to absorb and control shock pressure in water lines from surges during quick valve closure. Maximum rated suge pressure: 350 P.S.I.G.. Operating line flow pressure up to 60 P.S.I.G.. Working temperature range: 33 to 250 F. Listed by the American Society of Sanitary Engineers to ASSE 1010 Standard. Certified and tested by U.S. Testing Co. Inc., Tulsa, OK to ASSE 1010 Standard. IAPMO Listed, File No. 4785

Sweat Connection Piston Water Hammer ArresterSeries 520-SC

NOTE: Dimensional date is subject to manufacturing tolerances and change without notice*NOTE: AA size for residential applications onlyNOTE: Per ASSE Standard, systems exceeding 60 P.S.I.G.shall be installed with a pressure reducing valve upstream of the unit

Pipe Size

60

psicharge

B

Poly piston. Two EPDM

O-rings, pressure-lubricated

with Dow-Corning 111 SiliconeCompound, FDA approved.

A

Male Sweat Connection

Heat SinkLength

Pressurized air cushion

Arrester Chamber, cold rolledand spun closed seamlesschamber

Listed:

For flow pressures up to 60 P.S.I.G.

Lengthof

Pipe

Nominal Pipe Diameter

1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2

25 A A B C D E

50 A B C D E F75 B C D AE F E100 C D E F CF FF125 C D F AF EF E150 D E F DF FF FF

WATER HAMMER ARRESTER SIZING CHA

Smith Pipe Air Dimensions Fixture Unit

Fig. No. Size, NTP Size Change A B (DIA) Capacity

520-SC-AA 1/2 AA* 60 psig 5.56 875 Residential520-SC-A 1/2 A 60 psig 6.875 1.125 1 to 11520-SC-B 3/4 B 60 psig 8.69 1.38 12 to 32

520-SC-C 1 C 60 psig 12.00 1.38 33 to 60520-SC-D 1-1/4 D 60 psig 12.00 2.13 61 to 113

520-SC-E 1-1/2 E 60 psig 14.56 2.13 114 to 154

520-SC-F 2 F 60 psig 16.38 2.13 155 to 330


15/22

SIZING

WATER

SYSTEMS

500

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

400

300

200

100

100

80

60

40

20

00 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240

0

No. 1 for system predominantly for flush valves

No. 2 for system predominantly for flush tanks1

1

2

2

FIXTURE UNITS

FIXTURE UNITS

DEMAND

G.P.M.

DEMAND

G.P.M.

Estimated Curves for Demand Load

Enlarged Scale Demand Load

14


16/22

PIPE

SIZING

DATA

10000

8000

60005000

4000

3000

2000

1000

800

600

500

400

300

200

100

80

6050

40

30

20

10

0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 5060 80 100

0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 5060 80 100

8

65

4

2

3

1

10000

8000

60005000

4000

3000

2000

1000

800

600

500

400

300

200

100

80

6050

40

30

20

10

8

65

4

2

3

1

Flowi

n

GallonsperMinute

Flowi

n

GallonsperMinute

Friction Loss in Head in Lbs. per Sq. In. per 100 Ft. Length


5

2

3

45

8

10

15

20

30

40

6

4

3

2

1

3/4

1/2

3/8

11/2

Diame

ter6Inc

h

Velocity

Ft.p

e

rSeco

nd

Copper Tubing

Smooth Pipe

Type M _________________

Type L _________________Type K _________________

1


17/22

10000

8000

60005000

4000

3000

2000

1000

800

600

500

400

300

200

100

80

6050

40

30

20

10

0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100

0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100

8

6

54

2

3

1

10000

8000

60005000

4000

3000

2000

1000

800

600

500

400

300

200

100

80

6050

40

30

20

10

8

6

54

2

3

1

Flowi

nGallonsperMinute

Flowi

nGallonsperMinute



5

6

8

10

2

3

45

8

10

15

20

30

40

6

4

3

2

1

3/4

1/2

3/8

11/2

Diame

ter12

Inch

VelocityFt.p

erS

eco

nd

Fairly Smooth

PIPE

SIZING

DATA

16


18/22

10000

8000

60005000

4000

3000

2000

1000

800

600

500

400

300

200

100

80

6050

40

30

20

10

0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 5060 80 100

0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 5060 80 100

8

6

54

2

3

1

10000

8000

60005000

4000

3000

2000

1000

800

600

500

400

300

200

100

80

6050

40

30

20

10

8

6

54

2

3

1

Flowi

nGallonsperMinute

Flowi

nGallonsperMinute



5

6

8

10

2

3

45

8

10

15

20

30

6

4

3

2

1

3/4

1/2

3/8

11/2

Diame

ter12

Inch

VelocityF

t.perS

econd

Fairly Rough

PIPE

SIZING

DATA


19/22

10000

8000

60005000

4000

3000

2000

1000

800

600

500

400

300

200

100

80

6050

40

30

20

10

0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100

0.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 100

8

65

4

2

3

1

10000

8000

60005000

4000

3000

2000

1000

800

600

500

400

300

200

100

80

6050

40

30

20

10

8

65

4

2

3

1

Flowin

GallonsperMinute

Flowin

GallonsperMinute



5

6

8

10

2

3

4

5

8

10

15

20

6

4

3

2

1

3/4

1/2

3/8

11/2

Diame

ter12

Inch

Velocity

Ft.perS

econd

Rough

PIPE

SIZING

DATA

18


20/22

110000

8000

60005000

4000

3000

2000

1000

800

600

400

300

200

100

80

6050

40

30

20

10

8

65

4

3

2

1

500

100

80

6050

40

30

20

10

8

6

4

3

2

1

0.8

0.60.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

.08

.06

.05

.04

.03

.02

.01

5

2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10

1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10

VELOCITY CHART

VELOCITY FT. SECFIG. A

VELOCITY FT. SECFIG. B

VELOCITY CHART

12"PIPESIZE

12"PIPE

SIZE

10"

8"

6" 6"

8"

10"

5"

5"

4"

4"

31/2"

3"

2"

2"

3"

1"

1"

3/4"

3/4"

1/2"

1/2"

21/2"

21

/2"

11/4"

11

/4"

3

1/2"

11/2"

11

/2"

To determine total kinetic energy infoot pounds/linear foot for the entireeffective pipe length, use the examplebelow:

Maximum Flow Rate 50 GPLine Pressure-Water Flowing 65 PMax. Shock. Pressure 175 PPipi Size 1-1Effective Pipe Length 2

Determine pipe velocity by entering FAat 50 gallons. Proceed horizontally todiagonal line for 1-1/2" pipe. Proceedver-tically to scale at top of bottom of grapand read velocity of 8.0 ft/sec.

Determine kinetic energy per lineal foof pipe by entering Fig. B at 8.0 ft/secProceed upward to diagonal line for 11/2"pipe. Proceed horizontally to scale atright and read kinetic energy of 0.90 flbs/lin. ft. of pipe.

Total Kinetic Energy will be 0.90 x 25 22.5 foot pounds.

NOTE: Maximum total Kinetic Energfor fig. no. 5060 is 130 foot/pounds.

KINETIC

ENERGY

CHART

FLOW

THRUPIPE-

GALLONSPERMINUTE

KINETICENGERGY-

FT

.LBS

.PERLIN

.FT

.OFPIP

E


21/22

Q. Will water hammer arresters control the movement in pip-ing mains?

A. The movement in piping mains is caused by shock and par-tially by the flow of water through the mains. The greatestmovement is caused by shock which can be controlled by theinstallation of water hammer arresters. The movement caused

by water flow can be controlled by the proper placement ofpipe hangers and supports.

Q. Is it possible to control the shock created by pumpingequipment?

A. When a pump shuts off, some degree of shock will be expe-rienced in the discharge line. This is caused by the back surgeof water to the pumping equipment. The shock can be con-trolled in most applications by the installation of a properlysized water hammer arrester. The unit should be installed at atee connection in the vertical discharge line.

Q. Will a water hammer arrester prevent check valve slam?

A. A water hammer arrester will absorb the shock and mini-mize the slam noise. A soft seat in the check valve will thenassure a quiet closure.

Q. Is the shock generated in dishwasher piping controllable?

A. A solenoid or other type of quick closure valve is employedfor dishwasher applications. A properly sized water hammerarrester installed on the pressure side of the solenoid valve willeliminate the shock and noise.

Q. Is the shock generated in home washing machines control-lable?

A. Yes, a properly sized water hammer arrester placed on thecold and hot water supplies to the washing machine willabsorb the shock as caused by quick closure devices.

Q. Will water hammer arresters control the shock experiencedin commercial laundry machines?

A. A violent shock is created in commercial laundry piping asa result of quick closure valves. The 5060 Hydrotrol has beendesigned for severe applications such as this. However, attimes is not large enough to effectively control the situationand another method must be utilized. These applications shallbe submitted with all pertinent data to Smiths SalesEngineering for evaluation.

Q. Can shock be prevented in other types of liquid conveyingsystems?

A. The 5005-5050 stainless steel bellows units can be usedwith most types of liquid conveyed in a piping distributionsystem. Therefore, if a shock is encountered, it can be con-trolled. When liquids other than water are involved, it is rec-

ommended that Smiths Sales Engineering group be consultefor evaluation.

Q. Will water hammer arresters eliminate piping vibration?

A. If the vibration is caused by the occurance of shock in thpiping system it can be avoided if a properly sized water ham

mer arrester is installed near the quick closure valve.

Q. Are water hammer arresters required in the average resdence?

A. Yes, a severe shock can occur in the residential piping sytem, especially when excessive water pressures are involveMost of the premature failures of piping, hot water storagheaters, home laundry machines, automatic control valves anflush tanks or valves, may be attributed to shock caused bquick closure valves. Properly sized water hammer arresteshould be installed on the hot and cold water supply piping tthat fixture, equipment or apparatus wherein shock can be pro

duced. A pressure reducing valve installed on the dischargside of the water meter can be most helpful in protecting thresidential piping system.

Q. Will water hammer arresters rectify every shock condition

A. Occasionally, a piping system is improperly designed installed. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the installatiobefore you can cure the shock. After this has been accomplished a properly sized water hammer arrester will rectify thshock condition.

Q. What is the importance of cubic inch displacement in wat

hammer arresters?

A. A prescribed amount of cubic inch displacement is requirefor each type of device intended for the control of shock. Sincthe Hydrotrols are pressurized, its displacement volume is nactually utilized until the water pressure exceeds 60 P.S.I. Bcomparison, the air chamber type device require a displacment volume approximately six times that of each Hydrotrounit.

Q. Are water hammer arresters safe for potable water system

A. Yes, the bellows & piston type water hammer arresters arsafe for potable water systems. The o-rings used in the pistotype arresters are lubricated with FDA approved Dow-Cornin111 Silicone Compound and all solder joints use lead free soder.

IMPORTANT: If you have a question that is not answered othis page or the preceding pages, or if you have a special problem involving hydrostatic shock or water hammer, please cotact Smiths Sales Engineering group.

QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

20


22/22

JAY R. SMITHAY R SMITHMFG. CO. MFG CO

water hammer arrestor - engineer's handbook

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