water -process flow

7/27/2019 Water -Process Flow

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Water - An important resource


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ContentsProject leads/Enquiry- Water Treatment PlantWater parameters & their Effects

Industrial Water Process Flow Diagram

Cost comparison


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Project leads/Enquiry Source of water Water Analysis Report Water Consumption break up End quality ( for all different units) Client Decision Procedure /Client analysis


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Water Parameters & their effectsWater Impurities & their effects

Sl.No Water parameter Chemical Formula Difficulties/ Caused Means of treatment

1 Turbidity Nothing Specific

imparts unsightlyappearance towater,deposits onwater lines & processequipment

Coagulation, settling &Filtration

2 Hardness Salts of Ca & Mg,expressed in CaCO3

Cause scale in Heat

Exchanger,boilers,pipelines

Softening,Demineraliation,intern

al bioiler treatment &surface active agents

3 AlkalinityHCO3,CO3,OHexpressed as CaCO3

embrittlement forboiler line, source of corrosion

Lime & lime Sodasoftening,DM,Dealkalizer by anion exchange

4Free Mineral Acid(FMA)

H2SO4,HCLetcexpressed as CaCO3 Corrosion

Neutralization withalkalies

5 Carbon Dioxide CO2

Corrosion in waterlines & Condensatelines

Areation,Deareation &neutralization withalkalies

6 pH pH=log1/{H-}

7 Sulphate SO4adds to solid contentof water,

DM,RO,EDI,Evaporations

8 Chloride ClAdd to solid content &corrosive character

DM,RO,EDI,Evaporations

9 Nitrate NO3 add to solid contentDM,RO,EDI,Evaporations

10 Fluoride F cause dental problem adsorption, alum -coagulation


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Sl.No Water parameter Chemical Formula Difficulties/ Caused Means of treatment

11 Sodium Na Causes corrosion in boiler DM,RO,EDI,Evaporations

12 Silica Sio2

scale in boiler , coolingtower, deposits onturbine blade DM,RO,EDI,Evaporations

13 iron Fedsicolors, deposits onboiler, water lines

areation , contactfiltration, ion exchange

14 Mangesne & aluminium Mn & Al Same as IronImprovedd clarifier &Filter Operation

15 Oxygen O2

corrosions in water line,heat exchager line,bopiler return line

deareation, sodiumsulphite corrosioninhibitors

16 Hydrogen sulphide H2Sodor- rotten egg,corrosion

areation, Chlorination,Highly basic anion

17 Ammonia NH3

Corrosion of copper &Zinc alloys by formation

of complex compound

Deareation,Cation

exchange, deareation

18 Dissolved solids Scaling , DM,RO,EDI,Evaporations

19 Suspended Solids Deposits on water line coagulation, filtration


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Water application area-Power WATER CONSUMING AREA

INDUSTRIAL PROCESS DOMESTIC

Drinking

Canteen

Wash Room

Cooling Tower

Boiler

AHU

Floor Wash

Coal Wash

Ash Handling

WTP Operation

OTHER

Fire W Garden


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Power

Clarifier

DisinfectionTank

Boiler

Cooling

De-Aerator

Blowdown

Treated Effluent Discharge

CoolingTower

Turbine

AVGF,MGF

Effluent

Cl

Recycling Unit

ETP

CPU

Conde nsate

Recirculation of BFW

DM water Line

SSF


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Steel

Clarifier

DisinfectionTank

Boiler De-Aerator

Blowdown

CoolingTower

AVGF,MGF

Cl

Recycling Unit

ETP

CPU

Conde nsate

Recirculation of Condensate

BlastFurnace

CokeOvenPlant

Hot WireMill

Bar Mill

PipeMill

ColdRollingMill

HotRollingMill

LD &SC

SSFSoftening

Effluent

DM water Line


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Sugar

Clarifier

DisinfectionTank

Boiler De-Aerator

Turbine

AVGF, MGF

Effluent

Cl

Recycling Unit

Clarifier

VacuumPan

Evaporator

Raw Cane Cane Crusher

Baggase

Crystallizer

Centrifuge

Finishing

TankFilter Cake

Sugar Crystals

ETP

Discharge


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Automobile

Clarifier

DisinfectionTank

Polymer

Paintingprocess

CoolingTower

AV GF,MGF

Effluent

Cl

Recycling Unit

Platingprocess

SofteningTank

D.G. set

ETP

Discharge

AVGF,MGFBlow Down


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Commercial ComparisonSl.No Aspects Option-1 Option-2a Scheme X Y

b Capital Cost=Equipment cost+Civilcost

x1+x2 y1+y2

c O&M Cost=raw water cost+wtp

o&m+ ETP load o&m

- -

d Space required - -

e Time required - -

f List of civil work - -

g Labor Cost - -


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Thank You

water -process flow

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