water quality management assisting local government by leveraging existing good practise thabisa...
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Water Quality Management
Assisting Local Government by Leveraging Existing Good Practise
Thabisa Manxodidi
Grant Mackintosh
Main Objectives
• Current Situation & Challenges
• Examples of co-operative governance in water sector: Free State
• Examples of supportive tools for use by Local Government via Sector Initiatives
• Lets think Innovatively – Open Source Tools
Importance of Water Quality Management
• Drinking-water & sanitation significant impact on community health
• WHO considers DW as biggest impact on Primary Health
• Water Quality is Cost-effective Indicator of Local Government Water Services
• Guides Effective Assistance to Local Government:Capacity Development Infrastructure DevelopmentOperations and Management
Governance Overview…• Local Government
WSA (municipality) local regulator of water services
Sets local policies, promulgates by-laws, plans service provision (WSDP’s), sets tariffs, etc
• Provincial Government Oversee and support Local Government Municipal planning, water and sanitation services,etc
• National Government (DWAF) Sector LeaderOverall national regulator
Water Services Business (Fred van Zyl, DWAF)
Water, sewerage and effluent infrastructureWater, sewerage and effluent infrastructure
ConsumersConsumers
Bulk supply infrastructureBulk supply infrastructure
ReticulationReticulation
IndustrialIndustrialSanitationSanitationServicesServices
Water Water ResourceResource
TreatmentTreatment
DomesticDomestic
Groundwater Groundwater
Surface waterSurface water
DischargeDischarge
Total of WSAs
WSAs perceiving that they comply to drinking water
quality
No of WSAs confirming that
they monitor drinking water
quality
No of WSAs confirming to
all constituents to SABS (A)
standard
No. of WSAs using a
laboratory
No of WSAs in compliance
with all 4 Criteria used
EC 17 10 59% 14 82% 11 65% 16 94% 9 53%
FS 21 19 90% 21 100% 21 100% 21 100% 19 90%
GP 13 12 92% 11 85% 11 85% 12 92% 10 77%
KZN 14 8 57% 14 100% 12 86% 14 100% 7 50%
LP 11 6 55% 10 91% 10 91% 11 100% 6 55%
MP 20 17 85% 17 85% 16 80% 19 95% 12 60%
NC 30 20 67% 23 77% 13 43% 26 87% 6 20%
NW 14 11 79% 10 71% 6 43% 12 86% 6 43%
WC 30 25 83% 25 83% 23 77% 30 100% 19 63%
National 170 128 75% 145 85% 123 72% 161 95% 94 55%
WSA Self Assessment on Drinking Water Quality: 2006
WSA re Waste Water Management…
• 2005 South Africa representative survey of WWTPs found:• 30% require immediate intervention to avoid crisis
situations such as an outbreak of waterborne disease• 66% require short to medium term intervention
• 2005 Free State Survey of Waste Stabilisation Ponds found that 24 out of 47 (51%) were failing and discharging to the environment
Pond near dwellings & children swimming
Animals dying at WWW
Lining peeling off
“Legs of the Service Table”
Water Resource
HumanResources
Infrastructure
Legislation,
Policy, Regulations
Management
Monitoring,Labs,
Logistics
Effective & Sustainable
Water Quality Management System
CommunityRole
(Feedback on Service Delivery Quality)
Technical Management
Role(Service Delivery)
Top Management / Councilors’ Role
(Assuring Quality & enabling budget)
WSA Water Quality Management
Information SystemTest results captured (Sound
Practice & Training)
Problems reported
Community Perspective
Can I drink the water in my area?
What is being done about my complaint?
ManagementPerspective
Tracking Service Quality & Response
versus Spending
Technical Perspective
Optimizing technical performance
Automated transmission of Information Acquisition
dataset to national regulator
Governance interactions
Governance interactions
Governance interactions
Free State Water Quality ManagementCollaboration = Success
Free State WQM Case Study…• Department of Local Government and Housing: Free State
– Carries out monthly consultative audit– Communicates findings to Local Gov, Prov Gov, DWAF
• Consultative Audit – Monitor DW quality & treated WW discharge quality – Carry out Risk Profiles of DW and WW works– Identify and address problems and solutions
• Outcomes used to Direct Support to Local Government, eg– Short term Crisis Interventions– Infrastructure improvement, O&M, asset management– Capacity building of municipal staff
• Outcomes used to Monitor Progress in addressing Challenges• WQM shared throughout Sector via eWQMS system
Auto- email: Failures
Monthly Auto Reports: Province & WSA
Free StateSupportive Intervention Approach
The Problem
The desired situationThe existing situation
• Site Specific Crisis Intervention Action Plan• Provision of Essential Test Equipment• Plant Optimisation and Operator Training• Water Quality, Hygiene and Sanitation Awareness
– Management, senior technical staff, councilors
Tokologo LM…
Tokologo LM…
Free State Bacteriological DWQ…
FS Drinking-Water Quality (Apr 03 - Mar 04)Faecal Coliforms
Failure 2.9%
Compliance 97.1%
FS Drinking-Water Quality (Apr 04 - Mar 05)Faecal Coliforms
Failure 1.5%
Compliance 98.5%
Well within SABS 241 < 4% failure - Excellent by national standards
FS Drinking-Water Quality (Apr 05 - Mar 06)Faecal Coliforms
Failure 2.0%
Compliance 98.0%
Sector Developed Tools for Assisting Local Government …
Roll out of eWQMS to all WSAs…
December 2004 January 2005 March 2005
Area Samples Complied
% Compliance
Samples Complied
% Compliance
Samples Complied
% Compliance
Cederberg LM 8 / 22 36% 9 / 22 41% 18 / 19 95%
Citrusdal 4 / 4 100% 4 / 4 100% 3 / 4 75%
Clanwilliam 1 / 5 20% 2 / 5 40% 4 / 4 100%
Elands Bay 0 / 4 0% 0 / 4 0% 3 / 3 100%
Graafwater 3 / 3 100% 3 / 3 100% 3 / 3 100%
Lamberts Bay
0 / 4 0% 0 / 4 0% 3 / 3 100%
Leipoldtville 0 / 2 0% 0 / 2 0% 2 / 2 100%
Cederberg LM…
Supported by DBSA’s LG NET…
• eWQMS accessible via DBSA’s LGNET• LGNET already available at 220 LM’s • Gap Analysis to ensure adequate WQ connectivity
Water Research Commission
Risk Management Tools…
Located on WSA’s eWQMS systemBy Which:
– “self-management” by WSAs– Guides provincial and National support
In Brief:– Simple, Robust, Reliable– Can be completed by range of people with same
outcome– Identifies & assesses Key Areas of Risk– Allows for comparative assessments– Guides Proactive & Supportive Intervention
1. Design (Max Score = 8)
1.1 Are the ponds properly lined for their purpose
1.2 Does the pond meet recommended depth criteria (1.0-1.5m and 3m for anaerobic)
1.3 Is the design capacity of the pond known
1.4 Is the size of pipes suitable for effluent volumes
Example: Design Scoring…
Example: Maintenance Scoring…
Overall Free State ponds Maintenance Compliance
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Overall Free State towns
Mai
nte
nan
ce P
erce
nta
ge
Sco
re
Regional Drinking Water Overview
Drinking Water Quality Management Assessment Score
0102030405060708090
100
Para
dysklo
of
Idas V
alle
y
Fra
nschoek
Bre
dasdorp
Napie
r
Georg
e
Wild
ern
ess
Gra
afw
ate
r
Lam
bert
s
Bay
Citr
usdal
Cere
s
Tulb
agh
Wols
ely
Selected WC WTW
Pe
rce
nta
ge
As
se
ss
mn
et
Sc
ore
Open Source: eWQMS• Open Source approach is powerful new way of generating
knowledge and economic value • Mark Shuttleworth & Presidents Office note this an area of
strategic opportunity for South Africa• Available at little or no cost (eg WSA’s eWQMS)• Used in SA by inter alia Treasury, SARS, Dept of Agriculture• CSIR's Meraka Institute using OSS to take computing to the
community , eg Soweto and Limpopo • Also used by Peru, France, Mexico, Brazil, People’s Republic
of China, Scandinavian countries, USA, NASA and US Navy, Pakistan, Australia, India, Cambodia, Thailand, Argentina, UK Government and European Union
In Conclusion• Need exists for “one view” that adequately
conveys overall status of Water Systems to different stakeholders– Roll out of eWQMS to all WSAs will help considerably
• Supportive Simple, Robust, Reliable Tools can guide Provincial Sector and WSAs to address Gaps
• “Bottom up” & Consultative development of WSA oriented tools helps ensure success thereof
• Best Practice examples exist to guide • Open Source approach provides great opportunity
for sector collaboration
