water quality mapping around dhaka city - assess-hkh · 2015. 12. 12. · water quality may be a...
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Development of an Assessment System to Evaluate the Ecological Status of Selected Rivers in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan Region” (ASSESS-HKH)
Water Quality Mapping around Dhaka City
Lower Gangetic Plains: Moist Deciduous Forest (IMO 120)
Professor M. Fazlul Bari andProfessor A.B.M. Badruzzaman
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka
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Introduction:
Rivers around Dhaka city are affected by industrial activities, municipal sewage disposal, faecal contamination, agro-chemicals and sediment loading and population pressure
Maintaining a sufficient supply of clean water for the growing population is one of the major challenges, especially in the densely populated Dhaka city.
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Sampling design
• Sampling period: April 1- April 8, 2007 (Dry season)
Rivers selected: - Turag,- Balu,- Buriganga,- Shitalakkhya and - part of Dhaleshwari.
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Sampling design
Sampling Locations: Based on reconnaissance visits and discussion with local people 20 sites on 5 rivers around Dhaka city were selected for sampling and analysis. On the western side of Dhaka city:Part of Bongshi river and Turag river from Tongi bridge upto its confluence with Buriganga.
Southern side of Dhaka city:part of Dhaleshwari river and Buriganga
Northern side of Dhaka city:Tongi khal and part of Balu river
Eastern side of Dhaka city:Balu river and part of Shitalakkhya river
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Sampling for water quality mapping
Steps followed:
• Sampling at selected sites(10 samples/site)
• Analysis of physical and chemical parameters
• Field sorting and Identification of macroinvertebrates
• Further identification of macroinvertebrates in the Laboratory
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Level of pollution based on common macroinvertebrates
No pollution to slight pollution
Moderate pollution
Severe pollution
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Site Selection Criteria
Based on Sources:
1. Point sources; e.g. industrial effluent, municipal waste etc. and
2. Non-point sources; e.g. agricultural runoff
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1) Selection of Reference SitesWater quality (WQ) Class I
2) Selection of impaired sitesWQ Class II, III, IV, V
Stressor types – Organic pollution (eg.Balu, Turag, Buriganga etc.)
Based on species abundance and richness numerical scoreswere assigned to potential water quality classes, viz.
• Class I (none to very slight organic pollution), • Class II (moderate pollution), • Class III (critical pollution), • Class IV (heavy pollution), and • Class V (very heavy to extreme pollution).
Site Selection Criteria
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Pollution source
Point source Non-point source
Industrial effluent Municipal waste
Textile
Tannery
Dyeing
Agricultural runoff
Others
Others
Pollution Sources
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Source of Pollution
Industrial wastewater discharge in Turag river
Sewage discharge in Balu river
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Source of Pollution
Waste materials dumping in Turag river Sewage discharge in Bongshi river
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Sampling for water quality mapping
Sampling in Dhaleshwari river Sampling in Balu river
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Sampling in Turag river Sample sorting at Shitalakkhya river
Sampling for water quality mapping
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14Sample sorting at Balu river Identification of macroinvertebrates
at Turag river
Sampling for water quality mapping
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Electrical conductivity measured at field
Field measurement of dissolved oxygen
Chemical parameters measured for water quality mapping
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Water Quality Class Per Site
River Site Water Quality ClassBalu1 Demra IV
Shitalakkhya 2 Demra III
Balu 3 Lanchata V
Balu 4 Ichhapura IV
Turag 5 Bindan VTurag 6 Thermog IV
Balu7 Dhopapara III
Balu 8 Pipulia III
Turag 9 Istema field IVTurag10 Tiebpur III
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Water Quality Class Per Site
River Site Water Quality ClassTurag11 Chapai IITurag12 Ashulia IV
Buriganga13 Postogola VDhaleshwari14 Ferighat IIIDhaleshwari15 Charkundolia IIIDhaleshwari16 Dharmaganj IVShitalakkhya17 Katchpur IVTurag18 Baimile VTurag19 Boroibari IIIBongshi Sutrapur III
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Water Quality Mapping aroundDhaka city
Five colors have been used to denote the WQ Classes
blue for water quality Class Igreen for water quality Class II yellow for water quality Class III orange for water quality Class IV and red indicates water quality Class V
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River Water Quality Map around Dhaka City
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Conclusion
Water quality may be a useful tool for water resources managers and decision makers involved in sustainable management and utilization of river resources.
Remarks:Screening protocol works better as visual examination corroborates the findings.NEPBIOS based scoring may not be similar to the screening protocol as species
diversity is different in each country.US approach based on order of macroinvertebrates may be compared with the
ASSESS-HKH approachPhysico-chemical parameters pH, BOD5 , etc. are not reflected in the water quality
map.Seasonal variation of the WQ should be addressed.
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