AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF HYDROLOGY

Water Resources At Risk

A selection of the papers presentedat the conference held inDenver, Colorado,May 14-18,1995

Editors:

W.R. HotchkissJ.S. DowneyE.D. GutentagJ.E. Moore

American Institute of Hydology3416 University Ave., S.E. Minneapolis, MN 55414-3328 UB/TIB Hannover 89

113 844 743

TOC

CONTENTS

Conference Organizing Committee

Preface

AIH AWARDS

1995 C.V. Theis AwardCitation: John E. Moore and William R HotchkissAcceptance Speech: A. Ivan Johnson

1995 Ray K. Linsley AwardCitation. David R. DawdyAcceptance Speech: Vit Klemes

1994 Founders AwardCitation. C. Thomas HaanAcceptance Speech: L. Douglas James

1995 Founders AwardCitation: John M. Sharp, JrAcceptance Speech: John E. Moore

Front Cover

LUNA B. LEOPOLD SYMPOSIUM

UNIVERSITATSBIBUOTHEKHANMOVER

TECHNISCHEINFORMATIONSBIBUOTHEK

Ground Water Pollution in OU Field RegionsBelousova, A.P., and Shmakov, A.I., Water Problems Institute,Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Interpreting Spatial Profiles of Concentration in Acid Mine Drainage StreamsBroshears, R.E., USGS, Denver, CO, Kimball, B.A., USGS, Salt Lake City, UT,

zndRunkel, R.L, USGS, Denver, CO

Hydrochemical and Biological Responses to Water Quality VariabUity

within a Wetland ^Dai, Beiwen and Smith, A.J., Kent State University, Kent, OH

Nitrogen Transport and Fate at a Farm and Yard Waste Composting FacilityDouglas, EM., GEI Consultants, Inc., Concord, NH and Balkstero, T.P.,

Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH

Evaluation of Ground Water Resources in Wadi El-Assiuti Area,east of Assiut City, Eastern Desert, Egypt . - .Abu Ella, EM., Ebraheem, A.M., and Youssef, Moustafa, Assiut University, Egypt

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XV

xvii

. xix

. xxi

xxivxxvi

XXX

xxxi

IX-1

LL-10

LL-23

LL-31

LL-42

Site Hydrogeological Investigations Using Multiple Methods for Characterization LL-57Gottler, P.F., O'Brien and Gere Engineers, Inc., Lakewood, CO,Gabriel, W.J., andMickam, J.T., O'Brien and Gere Engineers, Inc., Syracuse, NY

Impacts of Golding Mining on Water Resources of the Sierra Nevada LL-66Kattelmann, Richard, Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Lab, Mammoth Lakes, CA

Use of the Gehan Test to Statistically Analyze Soil-water Quality Data,Rocky Flats Plant near Golden, Colorado LL-75Kunkel, J.R, HydroSearch, Inc., Golden, CO, Thompson, J.S., EG&G Rocky Flats, Inc.,Golden, CO, and Host, L.A., Advanced Sciences, Inc., Lakewood, CO

Identification of Areas at Risk for Selenium Contaminationin the Western United States LL-85Seiler, R.L, USGS, Carson City, NV and Skorupa, J.P.,US Fish & Wildlife Service, Sacramento, CA

Pesticide Concentration Frequencies in Surface Water and Sediments of Florida . LL-95Shahane, A.N., Bureau of Pesticides, Division of Agricultural Environmental Services,Tallahassee, FL

The Ways for Improvement of Ground Water Assessment LL-112Voronov, A.N., and Shvarts, A.A., St. Petersburg Univ., St. Petersburg, Russia

D e t e r m i n a t i o n o f S o i l H y d r a u l i c P r o p e r t i e s w i t h D e c o u p l e d A p p r o a c h e s . . . . L L - 1 1 6Zhang, Renduo, Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, WY

Stochastic Modeling of Rivers Runoff Nonstationary Sequences LL-128Bolgov, M.V., Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Spatial Variability in Base Flow as related to Channel Geomorphology,Straight River, north-central Minnesota LL-141Peter sen, T.A., Minnesota Department of Natural Resources St. Paul, MN, Armstrong,D.5.,USGS, Marlborough, MA, Stark, J.R. and Hansen, D.S., USGS, Mounds View, MN

Aquifer Storage and Recovery at the Centennial Water and Sanitation District,Highlands Ranch, Colorado LL-154Courtney Hemenway, P.E., CH2M HILL, Inc., Denver, CO,and Paul Grundemann, Centennial Water and Sanitation District, Highlands Ranch, CO

Water Resources At Risk, Death Valley National Park LL-156G. M. Essington and W.L. Werrell, National Park Service,Death Valley National Park, Death Valley, CA

STAN LOHMAN MEMORIAL SYMPOSIUM

In-situ Sparging: Chemical Transport and Mass Transfer SL-1Clayton, W.S. and Nelson, C.H., Groundwater Technology, Inc., Golden, CO

Use of Stable and Unstable Isotopes to Determine Sources and Flow Characteristicsof Water in Black Mesa, Arizona SL-11Coffan, Robert, and Johnson, Carla, Brogan-Johnson Consultants, Inc., Boulder, CO

Isotope Hydrology of the Eagle Mountains Area, Hudspeth County, Texas:Implications for Development of Ground-water Resources SL-12Darling, Bruce, Law Environmental, Inc., Kennesaw, GA, Hibbs, B.J.,Texas Water Development Board, Austin, TX, Dutton, A.R., and Sharp, JM.,University of Texas, Austin, TX

The Meaning of Hydraulic Properties Acquiredby Ground-water Model Calibration SL-25Gorokhovski, Vincent, Visiting Scholar, Artificial Intelligence Center,University of Georgia, Athens, GA

Evaluating the Performance of Hydraulic Containment Systems SL-34Hathaway, D.L., S.S. Papadopulos & Associates Inc., Boulder, CO

The Skin Effect in a Finite Damaged Zone SL-46Kersch, KM., Science Applications International Corp., Las Vegas, NV

Conceptualization and Characterization of Ground-water Systems for Modeling . SL-55Kolm, K.E, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, Downey, J.S. and Gutentag, E.D.,Downey and Gutentag, Arvada, CO

Eastbank Aquifer Test and Analysis of Hydraulic Properties SL-63Kraeger-Rovey, Catherine and deRubertis, Kim, W&EST, Denver, CO

Eastbank Aquifer Hydraulic and Thermal Model Analyses SL-72Kraeger-Rovey, Catherine and Scott, Phyllis, W&EST, Denver, CO

Comparison of Unsaturated Zone Hydraulic PropertiesUsing a New Laboratory Testing Procedure SL-80Kunkel, JR., HydroSearch, Golden, CO, Olsen, H. W., Meyer, D.B.,Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, and Host, LA., Advanced Sciences, Inc.,Lakewood, CO

Modeling Ground-water Flow with the Boundary-fitted Coordinate SystemMethod (BFCSM) SL-89Heap, D.I. and Koo, Min-Ho, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN and Lee, Kang-Kun,Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

Particularities of Ground-water Resources Assessments in the Regions at Risk . . SL-100Molski, E.F. andKotchneva, MN, Department of Hydrogeology, Mining Institute,St. Petersburg, Russia

Scale Effects in the Field Determination of Aquifer Parameters SL-101Paillet, F.L., USGS, Denver, CO

R e m e d i a t i n g L o w P e r m e a b i l i t y S i t e s w i t h 2 - p h a s e E x t r a c t i o n : C a s e S t u d i e s . . . . S L - 1 1 1Schultz, Thomas and Tornatore, P.M., Haley & Aldrich, Inc., Denver, CO

Rotasonic: an Alternative to Conventional Drilling Technologyin Environmental Characterization Studies SL-112Stephan, R.J., IT Corporation, Monroeville, PA

Impact of Ground-water Overexploitation on Triassic Aquiferin the Zawiercie Region of Southern Poland SL-124Witkowski, Andrzej and Kowalczyk, Andrzej, University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland

Predicting Microdispersivity of Porous Media Using Grain Size Characteristics . SL-133Xu, Moujin and Eckstein Yoram, Kent State University, Kent OH

Modeling One-dimensional Unsaturated Flow at the Rocky Flats Plant,Golden, CO SL-141Zeiler, R.M., Advanced Sciences, Inc., Lakewood, CO, and S29, J.S.,EG&G Rocky Flats Inc., Golden, CO

A Hydrogeologic Decision Support System for Risk Analysisand Ground-water Modeling SL-149Abdel-Rahman, A., Warner, J.W., and Tamayo-Lara, O., Colorado State Univ.,Fort Collins, CO

Subsurface Mapping of Conductive Fractures Using Seismic Tomography . . . . SL-158Ellefsen, K.J., USGS, Denver, CO

Groundwater Remediation at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal:A Difficult and Complex Task SL-159Warner, J.W., Abdel-Rahman, A., Tamayo-Lara, C, and Sakr, Sameh,Colorado State University., Fort Collins, CO

Ground-water Flow Model Development for Salar Basins SL-170T. W. Anderson and ErrolL. Montgomery, Errol L. Montgomergy & Associates, Inc.,Tucson, AZ

Late Cenozoic Geologic History of the Al Jaww Plain Aquifer System,Eastern Abu Dhabi Emirate, United Arab Emirates SL-178Elisabeth M. Brouwers and ThomasM. Bown, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CODonaldG. Hadley and Warren Wood, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VAJeffrey Imes, U.S. Geological Survey, Rolla, MO, andWaite Osterkamp, U.S. Geological Survey, Tucson, AZ

Salt Water Intrusion in Aquifers: Development and Application ofa Vertically Integrated Two-Dimensional Finite-Element Model SL-180Sameh A. Sakr and James Warner, Civil Engineering Department,GroundWater Environmental Hydrogeology Program, Colorado State University,Fort Collins, CO, and William R. Hotchkiss, U.S. Geological Survey,DFC, Lakewood, CO

Deformation-Induced Changes in Hydraulic Headduring Ground-water Withdrawal SL-194Paul A. Hsieh, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA

Scaling and Evolution of Fracture Networks in Rock SL-195C. C. Barton, U.S. Geological Survey, DFC, Lakewood, CO

INTERNATIONAL MINE WATER ASSOCIATION SYMPOSIUM

Using Ion Mass Balances to Estimate Flow Rates from Mine Drainage Sources . IMWA-1Aljoe, W.W., U.S. Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA

Wastewater Minimisation and Reuse in Mining Industry in III a war ra Region IMWA-11Dharmappa, H.B., Sivakumar, M., and Singh, R.N., University of Wollongong,Wollongong, Australia

Mining drainage and water supply under sustainable constraints IMWA-23Fernandez-Rubio, Rafael and Gutierrez Del Olmo, Arturo, Frasa Consulting Engineers,Madrid, Spain

Impacts on Ground-water Hydrology from Surface Coal Miningin Northern Appalachia IMWA-32Hawkins, J.W., U.S. Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, PA

Depressurization Systems: design, Construction, and Cost Considerationsto Prevent Floor Heave EVIWA-44Kaiser, R.M., R.W. Harden and Associates, Austin, TX

New Approaches and Results on Risk Assessment for Water Resourcesdue to Undermining IMWA-53Kesseru, Zsolt, Consultant on Rock-Water Engineering, Budapest, Hungary

An Experimental Investigation into the Deformation Characteristicsof Sandstone Under Mine Dewatering IMWA73Nikraz, H.R, Press, M., and Evans, A.W., Curtin Univ. of Technology, Perth, Australia

The Impact of Mine Closures on Ground-water and the Environment:A UK Lesson for All Countries IMWA-85Norton, P.J., Peter J. Norton Associates, North Yorkshire, UK

New Approach to Mapping of Ground-water Vulnerabilityto Surface Contamination IMWA-92Potapov, A.A., Abramov, V.J., and Kotchneva, M.N., Dept. of Hydrogeology,Mining Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia

Storage of Water in the Voids of Abandoned Mines and Fractured Rocks . . IMWA-102Sammarco, Onofrio, Bureau of Mines, Ministry of Industry, Italy

Pollutograph Modelling of an Impervious Catchment IMWA-115Sivakumar, M, Boroumand-Nasab, S., and Singh, R.N., University of Wollongong,Wollongong, Australia

Developing Priorities for Verifying and Inventorying SuspectedAbandoned Mine Sites on Public Lands IMWA-125Copa, L.V., U.S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D C ,Ferderer, D.A., U.S. Bureau of Mines, Denver, CO,Goklany, I.M., Department of Interior, Washington, D C , andKaas, L.M., U.S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, DC

Methodologies Developed to Estimate and Remediate the Impact ofLongwall Mining on Springs in the Bull Mountains of East-Central Montana IMWA-141Phillip E. Brown and Dorothy E. Baldwin

Pressure Grouting of Fractured Bedrock to Control Acid Mine Drainage . . IMWA-142S.A. Effner, G.D. Vandersluis, and V. Straskraba, Hydro-Geo Consultants, Inc.,Lakewood, CO

Clay-based Grouting Demonstration Project at the Mike Horse Mine,Lincoln, Montana IMWA-148Ernest J. Kipko, PhD, DS and Yuri N. Spichak, PhD, D.Sc, Spetstamponazhgeologia,Antrasit, Lugansk Region, UkraineAlexander N. Grinenko, ME, Novocherkassk State Technical University,Shakhty, Rostov Region, RussiaRobertM. Hartley, PE, RichardR. Raymondi, PG, CGWP, andKathrynA. Levihn, PE,Morrison Knudsen Corporation (MK), Boise, ID

Black Hawk, CO, Construction Dewatering Evalution IMWA-157Thomas S. Norman, PE, and Phillip E. Brown PE, Stewart EnvironmentalConsultants, Inc., Fort Colllins, CO

Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials in the SW Copper Belt of Arizona IMWA-161MarkR. Schuknecht, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste,Waste Management Division, Special Wastes Branch, Mining Waste SectionWashington, DC.

Hydrogeological and Geochemical Aspects of Lakes Formingin Abandoned Open Pit Mines IMWA-162G.D. Vandersluis, V. Straskraba, and S. A Efftier, Hydro-Geo Consultants, Inc.,Lakewood, CO

ROBERT C. AVERETT MEMORIAL SYMPOSIUM

Development and Use of Environmental Indicators in Water Quality Management . RA-1Quinn, Larry, Larry Quinn and Assoc, Lyons, CO

Reservoir Problems RA-11Andersen, J.L, USACOE, Omaha, NE

Development of a National Water-quality Monitoring Programfor Belize, Central America RA-16Stednick, Jon, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO and Lee, M.D.,Zamorano Univ., Honduras

Water-quality Aspects of Water Development in Northwestern China RA-23Steele, T.D., Balloffet and Associates, Denver, CO, Yang, Xiaoliu and Tang, Kewang,Institute of Water and Hydroelectric Power Research, Beijing, China

Acid Mine Drainage and Political Conflicts in the Third-party EIS RA-36Moran, R.E. and Mernitz, Scott, Woodward-Clyde Consultants, Denver, CO

Conflicts between Water Quality, Private Land Accessand Ecosystem Management on U.S. Forest Service land RA-40Piehl, Brad and Wald, Jessica, J.W. Assoc, Breckenridge, CO

An Update of Observed Nutrient-biological Conditionsin Selected Reservoirs in the Denver Metropolitan Area, Colorado RA-47Lorenz, W.F., Consultant, Steele, T.D., Balloffet and Assoc, Denver, CO,and Clayshulte, RN, DRCOG, Denver, CO

Optimal Phosphorus Load Allocation for Portionsof the Chatfield Basin, Colorado RA-62Little, K. W., Consultant, Denver, CO

Monitoring by Committee — Water Quality in Clear Creek and Standley Lake . RA-68McCarthy, James, City of Arvada, Arvada, CO, Scott, Kipp, City of Northglenn,Northglenn, CO and Steele, T.D., Balloffet and Assoc, Denver. CO

Integrated Watershed Planning Yields Creative Permit Compliance Alternativesat Cheyenne Wyoming RA-78Maxwell, Mark and Buhrmaster, Dan, Black & Veatch, Aurora, CO,Young, Jack, and Mark, Jerry, Cheyenne Board of Public Utilities, Cheyenne, WY

Using Water Resource and Riparian Parameters to Developa River Management Program RA-88Jordan, J.J., Balloffet and Assoc, San Francisco, CO,Florsheim, Joan, and Goodwin, Peter, Philip Williams & Assoc, San Francisco, CA

Using Modeling to Establish Aggregate Mining Standardsfor Ground Water Protection RA-97Jordan, J.J., Balloffet and Assoc, San Francisco, CO, Rubin, Yoram, Univ. of California,Berkeley, CA, Goodwin, Peter, Philip Williams & Assoc, San Francisco, CA

Coordination and Biological Activities of the National Biological Serviceand the National Water Quality Assessment programof the U.S. Geological Survey RA-108DeWeese, L.R., National Biological Service, Denver, CO,Bryant, W.B., National Biological Service, Norcross, GA,Goodbred, Steven, National Biological Service, Sacramento, CO,Muir, T.A., and Smith, S.B., National Biological Service, Reston, VA

Metal Accumulation by Transplanted Aquatic Mosses in Response to Land-usePractices in the Upper Rio Grande Basin, Colorado and New Mexico RA-113Porter, S.A., USGS, Denver, CO, Carter. L.F., USGS, Albuquerque, NM,and Nelson SM., USBR, Lakewood, CO

Preliminary Evaluation of Stream bed Sediment and Aquatic Biotaas Media for Characterizing the Occurrence of Trace Elementsand Organochlorine Compounds in the Willamette Basin, Oregon RA-114Wentz, D.A,. Waite, I.R., and Rinella, FA., USGS, Portland, OR

Partitioning of Chemical and Radiological Constituentsbetween Ice-solution Phases in a Saline Pond RA-115Johnson, S.W., Riverside Technology, Inc., Fort Collins, CO

Geoehemical Controls on Periphyton in Two Acidic, Metal-enriched Streamsin Colorado RA-123DevK. Niyogi and Diane M. McKnight, U.S. Geological Survey, Boulder, COand Kenneth E. Bencala, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA

NUCLEAR HYDROLOGY SYMPOSIUM

Dispersivity in Heterogeneous Permeable Media NH-1Chestnut, D.A., Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA

Ground Water Flux, Travel Time, and Radionuclide Transport NH-31Chestnut, D.A., Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA

Long-term Climate Change near Yucca Mountain: A View from the Past NH-41Forester, RM., USGS, Denver, CO

Site Characterization for Alternative Conceptual Models NH-42Lehman, Linda, L. Lehman & Assoc, Burnsville, MN andJohnson, Carol, State of Nevada, Carson City, NV

Significance of Apparent Discrepancies in Water Agesderived from Atmospheric Radionuclides at Yucca Mountain, Nevada NH-52Liu, Beiling, Fabryka-Martin, June, Wolfsberg, Andy, and Robison, Bruce

Ages of Paleodischarge Deposits and the Importance of Paleohydrologyfor Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Studies NH-63Paces, J.B., McConnaughey, S.A., Mahan, S.A., Kwak, L., Neymark, L.A.,and Bush, C.A., USGS, Denver, CO

Strontium Isotope Characterization of Ground-water Flow Systemsat Yucca Mountain, Nevada, USA NH-64Peterman, Z.E. and Stuckless, J.B., USGS, Denver, CO

Ground Water Quality Assessment under Condition of Hypothetical HazardousAccidents at Nuclear power plants NH-65Rumynin, V.G., St. Petersburg Mining Institute, St. Petersburg Russia

Ground Water Resources and the Chernobyl Disaster NH-77Shestopalov, V.M.,Rudenko,Y.F, and Rudy,M.D.,Center of Radioenvironmental Studies, Kiev, Ukraine

POSTERS

Quaternary Climatic History of AbuDhabi Emirate, UAE,and the Formation of the Liwa Crescent Aquifer P-lBrouwers, EM., Bown, T.M., USGS, Denver, CO, Hadley, D.G., USGS, Reston, VA,Imes, J.L., USGS, Rolla, MO, and Wood, W.W., USGS, Reston, VA

A Gas Sampling System for Withdrawing Humid Gases from Deep Boreholes P-3Joseph P. Rousseau and William Thordarson, U. S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO,and Mark A. Kurzmack, Foothill Engineering, Golden, CO

A Borehole Instrumentation Program for Characterizationof Unsaturated-Zone Percolation P-4JackKume and Joseph P. Rousseau, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO

Evaluation of a 6-wire Thermocouple Psychrometer for Determinationof In-situ Water Potentials P-5Carole L. Loskot and Joseph P. Rousseau, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO,and Mark A. Kurzmack, Foothill Engineering Consultants, Golden, CO

Is There Perched Water under Yucca Mountain in Borehole USW G-2? P-6Czarnecki, J.B., O 'Brien, G.M., and Nelson, P.H., USGS, Denver, CO,Sass, J.H., USGS, Flagstaff, AZ, Bullard, J. W., and Flint, A.R., USGS, Mercury, NV

The Use of Vacuum Vaporizer Wells (UVB) to Restore Ground Waterat a Perchloroethylene Site in Minnesota P-8James R. Lundy, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Site Response Section,St. Paul, MN

EDUCATIONAL FORUM FOR TEACHERS

Water Resources Education Initiative: Teaching Students in Grades K-12about Water E-lSteve Vandas, USGS, Denver, CO

Eductional Aspects of the Groundwater Foundation E-5Amy Killham, Groundwater Foundation,, Lincoln, NE

National Science Foundation/U.S. Geological Survey Water Workshopsfor College Faculty E-6Hubbard, J.E., SUNY Brockport, NY and Hotchkiss, W.R., USGS, Denver, CO

Multimedia In Education: You Can Do It E-8Hotchkiss, R.H., University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE

Watershed Management: A Computer Simulation E-9

Amend, J.R., Montana State University, Bozeman, MT

AUTHOR INDEX

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