watershed feasibility report - kishangarh, bundelkhand

8/13/2019 Watershed Feasibility Report - Kishangarh, Bundelkhand

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Technical Feasibility StudyKishangarh Watershed

21 22 December 2013Emmanuel Hospital AssociationBy Dennyson & Vimal


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ContentsObjective: ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

Methodology:............................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

Assessment team ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3

Kishangarh ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

Village Bila, Panchayat Matipura ............ ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. .......... 5

Village Surai, Panchayat Matipura ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............ ............. ...... 6Village Matipura, Panchayat Matipura ............ ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............ 7

Village: Nagada, Pachayat: Nagada ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............ ............. ...... 9

Village: Chapner, Pachayat: Nagada ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............ .............. ... 9

Village: Tipari, Pachayat: Nagada ............ ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ......... 10

Observation & Discussion: ............. .............. ............ ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ...... 10

Suggestion and recommendations: ..................................................................................................................................................... 11

Images: Plight of women and children ....................................................................................................................................... 13

Images: Detorirating land cover .................................................................................................................................................... 14

Images: Water stress ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. 15

Panna Topo Map NG 44 -14............... ............. ............. ............. ............. .............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ............. ......... 16

Resource Map: Village Bilo .............................................................................................................................................................. 17

R M Vill S i 18


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Objective:EHA seeks to start a watershed intervention in identified 10 villages Kishangarh watershed area, for

the year 2014 - 2017. The objective of the study was to assess technical feasibility and recommend

suitable approaches for watershed interventions in targeted villages. As the time was limiting factor

six out of the 10 villages were assessed.

Methodology:The study started with a brainstorming session with the project team before visiting the field. The following

methods were adapted during this study at the field level; PRA tools - problem matrix with genderperspective, resource mapping, focus group discussion and transect walk. An introduction to Geo tagging of

water sources, land capability survey and measuring water table of existing wells was given to project staff.

The study concluded with a debriefing session with the project team.

Assessment teamThe assessment team was headed Mr. Abraham Dennyson Programme Manager (FNS). Two teams of were

dispatched separately to do the study in three villages each. Headed by agricultural engineers from EHA Mr.Abraham Dennyson Programme Manger (FNS), Patna and Mr. Vimal Navin Rao Project Director Spandana

project Laknadon.

Team A:1. Abram Dennyson2. Ashok3. Tapas4. Chanda

Team B:1. Vimal Rao2. Prabhu Saran3.


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The topography and soil cover, as well as underlying rocks, in Chhatarpur district are such which forces

most of the rainfall to go as runoff instead of recharging the aquifers. It is thus essential that available

resources are utilized judiciously as well as conserved

The limestone units in Bijawar also hold promise for ground water development. The tube well tapping

the top weathered portion as well as deeper joints and fracture should have a 200 mm diameter

assembly with 1.60 mm slots in the weathered portion and the bore hole can be left naked below the

weathered zone. The naked portion of the bore hole should also be developed properly through hydro

fracturing. The suitable rig for the area is DTH preferably having rotary / DTH system

KishangarhThe area selection is good as the topography is undulating and the area falls in semi arid area which makes it

vulnerable to drought and community face a lot of problem because the rainwater is not properly harvested

to recharge the aquifers/ ground water sources. It is good that the area reports to have sufficient wells to

monitor the water level fluctuations and impact the interventions would bring to the watershed.


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Village Bila, Panchayat MatipuraThe community live there for more than five generation in this place. There are 74 households in the village

Livelihood:According to baseline survey the average cultivable landholding per house is 1.5 acres. Some

t diti l lik J K d U d K tki d S h b b d d i 10 b th
https://docs.google.com/file/d/0BzZxiSLS1YHqOVR6QTFzVk90TGc/edit


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1 Pond1 N2426.530 E07944.213 498.3 GL Dry 50 Long bund Jul - Aug Irrigation

2 Pond2 N2426.624 E07944.407 495 GL Dry 40 Long bund Jul - Aug Irrigation

3 Pond3 N2426.537 E07944.475 501 GL Dry 80 Long bund Jul - Aug Irrigation

4 Pond4 N2426.475 E07944.473 494.4 GL Dry 80 Long bund Jul - Sep Irrigation

5 Pond5 N2426.354 E07944.588 489.6 GL Dry 80 Long bund Jul - Sep Irrigation

6 Pond6 N2426.203 E07944.446 487.9 GL Dry 110 Long bund Jul-Nov Irrigation

7 Hand Pump N2426.160 E07944.185 500.5 54.55 24.24 0.10 Dia Casing JanNov Drinking

8 Bore well N2426.355 E07944.897 493.3 NA NA NA NA Failed

9 Open Well N2426.380 E07944.701 466 7 1.52 4.3 Dia JanOct Domestic

Village Surai, Panchayat MatipuraThe community claims about 130 household in the village and only about 50 household have proper legal

landholding. Rest cultivate the land but do not have papers (Patta). They claim to live there for over 120

years
https://docs.google.com/file/d/0BzZxiSLS1YHqMVJPcW1GZVpKNTg/edit


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dams with proper spillway in this drain could be a good option to slow the velocity and allow percolation of

water. This will also improve the irrigation opportunity along its stretch. There are two walled open wells

and one Kacha open well available. One hand pump provides water for drinking and domestic purpose roundthe year. Two other hand pumps which are available are not reliable.

S

no

Source

NameLatitude Longitude Altitude

Depth

(m)

Water

table(m)

Dimension Yield

MonthsPurposes

Metres Aspect

1 Pond1 N2425.834 E07942.318 497.8 GL 0.45 200 Long bund Jul-Dec Irrigation

2 Open Well N2425.834 E07942.318 497.8 0.30 5.45 Dia Irrigation

3 Nalla N2425.746 E07942.308 488.3 0.15 3000 Long drain Jul-Dec Irrigation

4 Open Well N2425.760 E07942.346 487.9 3.03 1.06 6.06 Dia Jul - Mar Domestic

5 Open Well N2425.766 E07942.381 488.9 7.58 0.61 6.06 Dia Jul - Mar Domestic

6 Hand Pump N2425.740 E07942.488 494.5 75.76 15.15 0.10 Dia casing Jan-Dec Domestic

7 Hand Pump N2425.806 E07942.475 489.7 75.76 30.30 0.10 Dia casing Broken Drinking

8 Hand Pump N2425.844 E07942.468 489.8 75.76 30.30 0.10 Dia casing 200 lits Drinking

Village Matipura, Panchayat MatipuraThere are about 134 Households in the Matipura village. Forest protection committee is there in the village

but not aware of when its meetings are happen. The villager claimed that forest protection committee

records and attendance are also been forged.

Livelihood: Traditional crops like Kudo, Kutki, Sama and loyila have been abandoned as they are now notallowed to cultivate in new cleared forest land. The land issue is also a pressing issue as mentioned by the

members as forest department is taking back land that they once used to cultivate. Farmers take 1 or 2 crop

lik S b M t d U d A h d Till


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10 Open Well 24.24 0.91 7.58 Jan-Dec Drinking

11 Nalla Dry 500 Long 6 months


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Village: Nagada, Pachayat: Nagada

The problem matrix indicated that for Men the Tiger Reserve area is the major problem that the village faces

at the moment as the forest department has demarcated major area of village Nagada. However, the second

i i i i i h i l b l d i A d hi d i h k i L d d d M l

Figure 1: Village: Nagda, Chapner & Tipari
https://docs.google.com/file/d/0BzZxiSLS1YHqcVhfYVVOQ2VjcFE/edit


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The well are used for drinking as well as irrigation purpose and sometimes it takes 3 days to recoup the

water level after utilized. There are 4 stream initiated from the village.

Village: Tipari, Pachayat: NagadaThe problem matrix indicated that the men of the village are taking up Unemployment and water as top

issue. Tiger reserve buffer zone comes second on the problem priority ranking. Land deed/right comes as

third and domestic and wild animal problem come fourth according to them.

The women were very clear and ranked Tiger reserve buffer zone as the top problem and Water scarcity as

second and land deed/right as third problem. Unemployment is given least priority by women

Observation & Discussion:It was observed that all target villages are water stressed and land cover is deteriorating. However water

stress among the 10 villages also can be ranked on the basis of prevailing environment. For example village

Bila is needier than villages Matipura or Surai. Villages are located on plateau or ridges while the arable lands

are by the valley. Relatively the plateau is more parched than that of the valley. Slope is mostly gentle (less

than 3%) and Moderate (3-5%) and some places strong (5 15%) and steep (15 25%).

The ridge areadevoid of water is also quickly losing the top soil due to erosion and it would be difficult forthe villages to do agriculture in the future. Soil type is mostly Reddish brown lateritic (Muram) of varying

depth from very shallow (less than 20cm) to medium depth (50 - 90cm). In some places is the soil is mixed

type Reddish brown lateritic and black soil called domat (two types). The red soil usually loose has average

soil depth of 60cm and the mix soil also called domat (two soil type) has average soil depth of 150cm and the

black soil has an average depth of 270cm.


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Measured inNov 2013 Metre Feet1. Motipura 9 1.8 62. Chapner 6 1.8 63. Surai 12 2.4 84. Malwara 5 3.2 10.55. Raichur 4 4.2 146. Bila 13 5.3 17.57. Nagda 8 5.8 19

Suggestion and recommendations:1. Since the target area falls under Panna tiger reserve buffer zone, it will be good to work alongside

forest right committee or forest protection committee. This approach is imperative since legallandholdingis an issue among the community. Or at the least all land work should be done throughthe community itself.

2. It is good to start from where the current situation is. A through water resource mappingincludingphysical visit and geo tagging is mandatory. For some reason baseline survey data has failed tocapture the previous watershed activities. This will also provide a direction as to what has workedand what has not so far.

3. The approach has to be ridge to valley and integrated. The reason the previous watershed activitieshave not lived to the expectation is because of piecemeal approach (one pond here, one well there

d fi ld b di l h )


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12. Developing grasslandsand pasture for fodder will be good strategy. However, motivating thecommunity to practice restricted grazing and keeping away stray animals is mandatory.


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Kishangarh Watershed Feasibility Study 13

Images: Plight of women and children


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2 Very low quality fodder stored for dry season 3:Water stressed crops

4: Rocky ravines 5: Deteriorated green cover

Images: Detorirating land cover


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6 Dried up tanks/ponds 7: Tank/ pond location is questionable in ter,s of altitude

8: Pond not deep (same as ground level) 9: Tank/Pond dried up by November

Images: Water stress


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Panna Topo Map NG 44 -14
https://docs.google.com/file/d/0BzZxiSLS1YHqdWZ1UFNkNk5DYlE/edit


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Resource Map: Village Bilo


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Resource Map: Village Surai


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Resource Map: Village Matipura


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Resource Map: Village Tipari


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Resource Map: Village Nagada

watershed feasibility report - kishangarh, bundelkhand

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