weaknesses of the articles of confederation a unicameral congress [9 of 13 votes to pass a law]. 13...
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Weaknesses of theWeaknesses of theArticles of Articles of
ConfederationConfederationA unicameral Congress [9 of 13 votes to pass a law].
13 out of 13 to amend.
Could not tax or raise armies.
No executive or judicial branches.
Land Ordinance of 1785Land Ordinance of 1785
•$1 per acre with 640 acre mininimum•Raised $760,000 revenue in 4 years
Northwest (Land) Ordinance of 1787Northwest (Land) Ordinance of 1787
Strategy for territories to become states. (60,000 pop. Minimum)
Guaranteed freedom of religion.
Guaranteed trial by jury.
Prohibited slavery in Northwest Territory
New states have equal status with 13Vermont-1791Kentucky-1792Tennessee-1796
Economic ProblemsEconomic Problems
41.2 million in debt including 7.9 in international debt
Domestic debt reduced to 6 million, international debt increased to 10.2
Negotiated commercial treaties with France, Sweden, Prussia, Morocco
Failed to solve tariff conflicts between states
Failed to solve paper currency abuses
States voted down tax requests
International ProblemsInternational Problems
Jay-Gardoqui Treaty accepted Spain’s closure of lower Mississippi in exchange for commercial treaty favorable to New England
Unable to get England reopen West Indies trade or accept imports (rice, indigo, tobacco)
British flood U.S. with manufactured goods
Trade deficit=deflation=depression
Shays’ Rebellion: 1786-Shays’ Rebellion: 1786-77
•Former Continental soldiers not paid back pay•Land confiscated when they can’t pay taxes
Shays’ Rebellion: 1786-Shays’ Rebellion: 1786-77
There could be no stronger evidence of the want of energy in our governments than these disorders.
-- George Washington-- George Washington
Annapolis Convention Annapolis Convention (1786)(1786)
12 representatives from 5 states
GOAL address barriers that limited trade and commerce between the states.
Sent a report to the Congress to call a meeting of all the states to meet in Philadelphia to examine areas broader than just trade and commerce.
Constitutional Constitutional ConventionConventionWhat were the motives of our
Founding Fathers?
To what extent was the Constitution a conservative reaction by “monied men” to their fear of the ordinary American citizen?
What was the historical impact of the Great Compromise & the 3/5ths Compromise?
Antifederalist Objections to Antifederalist Objections to ConstitutionConstitution
No Bill of RightsFear of abuse of centralized power & loss of state power, including executive branchConcern over federal power to tax, regulate trade, & raise armyFear of big states dominating small statesSlavery: Pro & anti groupsLack of democracy in elections