Weather and ClimateWeather and Climate

Weather and ClimateWeather and Climate

What is the difference between Weather and Climate?

Climate:Climate:Is a term for the weather patterns that an Is a term for the weather patterns that an area typically experiences over a area typically experiences over a LONGLONG

period of time.period of time.

Climate:Climate:

Climate:Climate:

Climate:Climate:

Climate:Climate:

Weather: Condition of the bottom layer of Weather: Condition of the bottom layer of the earth’s atmosphere in one place over a the earth’s atmosphere in one place over a

SHORTSHORT period of time. period of time.

Weather:Weather:

Weather:Weather:

Weather:Weather:

Weather:Weather:

Weather:Weather:

Weather:Weather:

What do we know about the What do we know about the SUN?SUN?

Just a few facts…Just a few facts…

Our sun:Our sun:

-is 93 million miles away-is 93 million miles away

-is an intensely hot star-is an intensely hot star

-gives energy and light that are -gives energy and light that are essential for survival.essential for survival.

Images

The Greenhouse Effect…what The Greenhouse Effect…what is that?is that?

Facts about the “greenhouse Facts about the “greenhouse effect”:effect”:

Facts:Facts:-only a small amount of solar radiation reaches -only a small amount of solar radiation reaches the earth.the earth.

-some of that radiation is reflected back into -some of that radiation is reflected back into space, but some stays to warm the earth.space, but some stays to warm the earth.

--the atmosphere prevents heat from escaping the atmosphere prevents heat from escaping back into space too quickly.back into space too quickly.

Thank goodness…Thank goodness…

The earth has been compared to the The earth has been compared to the glass walls and roof of a greenhouse, glass walls and roof of a greenhouse, which trap the sun’s warmth for which trap the sun’s warmth for growing plants. Without the earth’s growing plants. Without the earth’s so-called “greenhouse” effect the so-called “greenhouse” effect the earth would be too cold for most earth would be too cold for most living things.living things.

The Earth’s Revolution and the The Earth’s Revolution and the Seasons:Seasons:

A few questions:A few questions:

Why do the regions near the equator Why do the regions near the equator have warmer climates than the have warmer climates than the northern and southern poles?northern and southern poles?– The sun’s rays always fall most directly The sun’s rays always fall most directly

at or near the equator, while the at or near the equator, while the northern and southern regions receive northern and southern regions receive less direct sunlight, making them colder.less direct sunlight, making them colder.

How does the heat of the sun How does the heat of the sun cover all of the earth?cover all of the earth?

Distributing the Sun’s Distributing the Sun’s heat…heat…

Convection: the transferring of heat Convection: the transferring of heat from one place to another.from one place to another.

Two types:Two types:– Wind: movements in airWind: movements in air– Current: movement in waterCurrent: movement in water

WindWind

CurrentsCurrents

The blue arrows stand for cool currents and the red stand for warm.

Next up….precipitation!Next up….precipitation!

PrecipitationPrecipitation– Is all forms of water that fall from the Is all forms of water that fall from the

atmosphere on to the earth’s surface.atmosphere on to the earth’s surface.

Types:Types:

rainrain

hailhail

snowsnow

sleetsleet

Types of Precipitation:Types of Precipitation: Convectional precipitationConvectional precipitation Orographic PrecipitationOrographic Precipitation Frontal PrecipitationFrontal Precipitation