weather monitoring & forcasting
TRANSCRIPT
WEATHER MONITORING & FORECASTING
By: Michelle PhillipDate: Wednesday, March-31-10
1.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Introduction 3
Early History 4
Inventions 5-7
Towards Numerical Prediction
8-9
Benefits 10
Summary 11
References 12
Weather Monitoring and forecasting is the application between Science and Technology, to predict the state of the Atmosphere for
the future time and given locations. Which began with Civilizations using reoccurring Astronomical and Meteorological
to help monitor change in the weather.
INTRODUCTION
EARLY HISTORYFrom since around the 650 BC the Babylonians tried to predict short term weather changes which was based on the appearance of clouds and haloes.
By the 300 BC Chinese astronomers had developed a , each was one was known as different type of weather.
Around the 340 BC the Greek philosopher came up the theories about the formation of Rain, Clouds, Hail, Wind, Thunder, Lightening and Hurricanes. Which was considered for almost 2000 years.
2.
INVENTIONS
Nicholas Cusa of Germany designed a instrument to measure Humidity of the air
Galileo Galilei of Italy invented the Thermometer in the mid fifteenth century
Evangelista Torricelli of Italy invented the Barometer for measuring
Atmospheric pressure in 1643
Mid ninth centuries the telegraph was invented
From the 1860s Weather observing station began appearing all across the Globe
Radiosonde was invented in 1920
RADIOSONDEThis Instrument help justify data. It was known as small light weight boxes equipped with weather instruments and radio transmitters. It was sent up high into the atmosphere by a hydrogen or helium-filled balloon, to transmit temperature, moisture and pressure data known
as sounding back and forth from the station.
Helium-filled balloon 1st Helium balloon being released
3. 4.
Radiosonde Box
5.
TOWARD NUMERICAL PREDICTION
Mathematician Vilhelm Bjerknes and Lewis Fry Richardson both were the first men whom work to
produce a formula to predict the Weather.
RICHARDSON METHODRichardson method fail
Invention of the Computer
A team of Meteorologist Mathematician came up with the idea to use the computer to help towards a more practical numerical Weather Forecast
Juke Charney determine where Richardson had went wrong
By April 1950 Charney and his group made successful 24 hour forecast over North America
6.
Check long term and short term weather, at almost anywhere and anytime
Dress suitable for the weather/season Know when flights are being cancelled a head
of time Track Hurricanes Know when to Evacuate from a area when
needed
BENEFITS
SUMMARY
In conclusion since 650 BC Astronomers, Mathematicians, Meteorologist and inventers have been trying to study how the weather work
Later the Telegraph and Computer was invented Mathematicians' Vilhelm Bjerknes & Lewis Fry
Richardson worked to create a formula but failed Around April 1950 a group of student re-edited
Richardson numerical formula, it was successful Since then the Weather forecast is shown numerical in
almost any part of the world
REFERENCES•United States. NASA. EOS Project Science Office. Weather Forecasting Through The Ages. By Steve Graham, Claire Parkinson, and Mous Chahine. Web. <http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/WxForecasting/wx.php>.
1. http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://www.astro.fit.edu/sara-reu/reu05/REU%2520site/astropics%2520used/NASA_logo.gif&imgrefurl=http://astro.fit.edu/sara-reu/reu05/REU%2520site/web%2520pages/LINKSPAGE.htm&usg=__xUsI12JcQGX1T55IHj6LmLqm7dY=&h=270&w=340&sz=8&hl=en&start=7&sig2=JFQinHSGIfh0lRSg8N5D6g&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=Mff6upN96Oex1M:&tbnh=95&tbnw=119&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dnasa%2Blogo%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26safe%3Dactive%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=1HWzS-zhNYS0lQfjr5m5BA
2. http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/thumb_167/1185124801r86DaP.jpg
3. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Radiosonde-wx-balloon.jpg
4. http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://i487.photobucket.com/albums/rr232/ufor/radiosonde1936a.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dailykos.com/story/2009/5/16/729748/-Saturday-Night-Uforia:-Anatomy-of-an-Explanation,-Balloons-and-Aircraft-(Part-3)&usg=__7MA1KFjCpAYP-5X-25PYM5fgfwY=&h=669&w=500&sz=60&hl=en&start=64&sig2=uUJDDXKrSaXdu_PF5UIyAw&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=p446bV2zRIeF1M:&tbnh=138&tbnw=103&prev=/images?q%3Dradiosonde%26start%3D54%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1R2ADFA_enCA338%26ndsp%3D18%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=ouCwS4D-DcH-8AajxPjcCQ
5. http://www.pecindia.com/images/thumbs/graw-radiosonde2_scan.gif
6. http://climateprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/bams-cooling.jpg
Are there any questions?
THANK YOU