web content management
DESCRIPTION
WCM, Web Content ManagementTRANSCRIPT
UNDERSTANDING CONTENT
What is „Content‟
How is „Content‟ different from „Data‟ and
„Information‟ ?
How is content managed ?
What is Content Management
What is Web Content Management
WHAT IS DATA ?
“…facts or information used in deciding or discussing…”. Source : The Oxford Dictionary
“…any form of information whether in paper or electronic form. In electronic form, data refers to files and databases, text documents, images and digitally encoded voice and video”. Source : Computer Glossary
“is a representation of facts in a formalized manner suitable for some sort of technology system, which is called a database”. Source : Encyclopedia of Library & Information Science
DATA
Term appeared in 16th century
Two types –
Structured Data : eg. address of a supplier, customer‟s
list, library catalogue, employee list, etc
Unstructured Data : eg. Letters, proposal, etc
Data are raw and unprocessed unlike information.
WHAT IS INFORMATION ?
“…that portion of the data which impacts our
actions, or if missing, or not available will impact
our actions” Eliyahu M Goldratt
“It is evidence that exists in many forms including
traditional sources like data, books or
documents, and non-traditional sources like events
and objects.” Tomyia J Tidline
Information
Abstract &
Is independent of its form
DATA, INFORMATION & KNOWLEDGE
WHAT IS CONTENT ?
Etymology : „contentum‟ – to contain
„continere‟ – to hold together or enclosed
Content is data or information embodied
“things contained in” – Random House Dictionary & the Oxford
Dictionary
“a list of „preliminaries‟ and chapter headings of a book in
their correct order, or of articles in a periodical, with its
pages on which they begin” – Harrod‟s Glossary & ALA Glossary
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Literature from 1990‟s takes a broader perspective,
inclusive of all type of materials (external or internal)
all types of format (multimedia)
all data (structured and unstructured)
“Information made available by an electronic medium or
product” – Microsoft Encarta
“Subject matter embodied in some definable format
e.g., email messages, spreadsheets, word processing
documents, videos, reports, etc. It is a process which
generates objects like brochures, price
lists, pictures, metadata, etc.” – Today’s Context
CONTENT MANAGEMENT
Content management stands for the management of any
content ranging from data residing offline on a paper, or in
simple Word document to a complex high-volume dynamic
web publishing, whether as e-catalogues or portals.
“The management of the content by combining
rules, process and/or workflows in such a way that
centralized (technical) and de-centralized (non-technical)
staff can create, edit, manage and publish a variety of
content in accordance with a given framework or
requirements.”
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CM process creates, manages and develops content
while maintaining the content separate from its
presentation
CM integrates traditional Document Management and
Web CM
CM helps to scale websites and save on the cost of
content change
CM helps to fill the gap between building the site and
keeping the site‟s content current
CM helps to provide dynamic, relevant and timely
information
CM provides access to escalating unstructured data
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CM is empowering non-technical content contributors
CM is removing the burden from the traditional
webmasters
CM manages content in ways such that the incremental
cost of each update cycle and output production shrinks
dramatically overtime
CM is Business Management
CM as a concept helps
Non-technical authors to contribute content
Organizations to streamline the workflow
Faster updating and managing of unstructured, dynamic content
embodied in varied formats
Structured and synthesized delivery of content in the format of
users‟ choice
Management of both online and offline content
CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CMS)
A CM „system‟ is a technical environment (hardware
tools, software expertise) that supports the systematic
processing of digital content from authorship to
publication.
CMS is a tool or combination of tools to facilitate the
efficient and effective production of the desired web
pages using the managed content
Analogy : difference between CM and CMS is the same
as the difference between Library Management and
Library Management System (LMS)
Web Authors
Context Diagram
Content
Management
System
Intranet
Servers
Extranet
Servers
Web ContentWeb Pages
Web Surfers
Students, Staff
Interested Parties
Services Provided :-
Ease of editing
Collaborative Authoring
Standard templates
Backup and Archiving
Routing and Approval processes
Version Control
Metadata Management
Directory and
Security
Services
Template
Designers
Approvers
Template
Approved Page
BENEFITS OF CMS
WHAT IS NOT CONTENT MANAGEMENT
It is NOT a library, archive or museum management or
cataloguing system
It is NOT word processing or other kinds of files, text or
presentation
It is NOT multimedia application
It is NOT authoring tools
Content Management
Variations Purpose Examples
Enterprise Content
Management (ECM)
It is a formalized means of
organizing and storing an
organization's documents, and
other content, that relate to the
organization's processes.
e.g. Banks use ECM
to keep track of
checks
Web Content
Management (WCM)
Ensures that complex website
content is complete, up-to-date
and properly linked
e.g. Amazon.com
Digital Document
Management (DDM)
Manages complex document-
based information so common
elements can be reused, and
documents can be dynamically
assembled for publishing
Management of
overlapping and
constantly changing
information in
automobile user
manuals
Digital Asset
Management (DAM)
Allow a mass of multi-media
electronic content (photos,
audio, video, etc) to be stored in
a way that a proper content can
be easily found
Finding artwork for
developing
advertising creative,
archiving news, video
clips, etc
Variations Purpose Examples
Digital Records
Management (DRM)
Ensuring that critical
records are secure but
accessible, and are
deleted when should be.
Management of a
required documentation
at a nuclear power plant
Business Process
Management (BPM)
Aligns an organizations
business process with
the needs of the clients .
Human resources,
finance, customer
relations, sales and
marketing and research
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THE CM SPECTRUM
Data from RDBMS Formatted descriptions Audio/Video, Bitmap files
e.g. lists, tables e.g. letters, proposals e.g.mpeg files, wave files
DRM / DDM CM WCM
Highly Structured Unstructured
WEB CONTENT MANAGEMENT
“A set of tasks and processes for managing content
explicitly targeted for publication on the web
throughout its life from creation to archive.” –Ovum
Ltd.
“Managing content that drives an externally facing
website and facilitating multichannel publishing of
content in digital form. --Gartner
Content Management Web Content Management
Manages both online & offline content Manages content explicitly created for
web delivery
Input and output of content is in varied
formats
Input and output is in the form of „web-
document‟
Includes wide range of processes like
systems and software to manage
content
Core functions viz – loading content to
central repository, managing the content
life-cycle, including publishing the
content to the live website
Various information technologies put
together make a CM e.g. DDM, DRM,
DAM
Not all information technologies help to
manage web content e.g. DDM, DRM do
not fit in the WCM role
The process includes organizations of
content
The process typically begins after the
content is organized. WCM will not
support disorganized content
COMPARISON BETWEEN CM AND WCM
DIFFERENCES
WCM is different from Web-Site Management
In Web site management content not managed
comprehensively, but done on ad-hoc or as-needed
basis. WCM offers complete process of content life-
cycle in a comprehensive, programmed and scheduled
manner.
WCM is different from Portal Management
Portal is aimed at bringing together information from
multiple sources and delivering it directly to the user.
WCM is concerned with back-office tasks of managing
the creation and maintenance of content and publishing
content to a server.
HISTORY OF WCM
Content has existed for 5000 years
Printed Page
Electronic Publishing (1990s)
Decentralized Content
Information
Management Information Technology
Imaging Technology
Document Management
Internet Publishing
CM XML, SGMLWCM
WEB CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (WCMS)
A web content management system (WCMS) is
a software system that provides website authoring,
collaboration, and administration tools designed to
allow users with little knowledge of web
programming languages or markup languages to
create and manage website content with relative
ease. A robust WCMS provides the foundation for
collaboration, offering users the ability to manage
documents and output for multiple author editing
and participation.
CHARACTERISTICS OF WCMS
It manages small units of information (web pages) - each
unit of information is interconnected via a navigation
structure or path.
Each unit (web page) is defined by its location on the
site
There is extensive cross-linking between pages
It is focused primarily on page creation and editing
It provides a publishing engine that allows created or
amended content to be made available to a website
visitor
It often provides an approval process or workflow that
ensures that content is validated before it is released or
published to a website.
CAPABILITIES OF WCMS
A WCMS typically has the following features: Automated templates
Access control
Scalable expansion
Easily editable content
Scalable feature sets
Web standards upgrades
Workflow management
Collaboration
Delegation
Document management
Content virtualization
Content syndication
Multilingual
Versioning
TYPES OF WCMS
Offline processing
These systems, sometimes referred to as "static site
generators", pre-process all content, applying templates
before publication to generate web pages.
Online processing
These systems apply templates on-demand. HTML may
be generated when a user visits the page or it is pulled
from a web cache.
Hybrid systems
Hybrid systems combine the offline and online
approaches.
ADVANTAGES OF WCMS
Low cost
Easy customization
Easy to use
Workflow management
DISADVANTAGES OF WCMS
Cost of implementation
Cost of maintenance
Latency issues
Tool mixing
NOTABLE WCMS
WordPress is the most popular content management system. It originated as a blogging CMS, but later evolved into a full-fledged CMS.
Joomla! is a popular content management system that can be used to easily create and edit webpages, but it is more complex than Wordpress.
Drupal is the third top used CMS and originated before WordPress and Joomla. It is more difficult to learn and understand than the above two CMSs, but is the most secure. It powers the White House site.
OSS IN WCM
FREE/OPEN SOURCE CMS SOFTWARE
WCMS IN LIBRARIES
Many libraries have started to use content management
systems as a tool to build and manage their web
presence.
The advantages of using a CMS to build a library website
include:
Separation of content, logic, and data
Ability for multiple content providers (many staff members can
edit the website, rather than just one expert)
Easier or automatic integration with Web 2.0 tools (built in RSS
for instance)
Many cool add-ons that provide added functionality to the
website (an Events Calendar for instance)
WCM / LIBRARY LIFECYCLE
WCM Life-
cycle
Collect
Create
Aggregate
Review
Organize
Categorize
Metadata
Taxonomy
Transact
Access
Personalize
Life-Cycle
Analysis
Re-use
Archive/Destroy
Track
WCMS IN LIBRARIES
What libraries are using
Drupal : http://drupal.org
Joomla : http://www.joomla.org
Plone : http://plone.org/
Expression Engine : http://ellislab.com/expressionengine
Wordpress : http://wordpress.org/
Silverstripe : http://www.silverstripe.com/
SURVEY OF WCMS IN ARLS
SURVEY OF WCMS IN ARLS
SURVEY OF WCMS IN ARLS
SURVEY OF WCMS IN ARLS
Reasons for / against considering a new CMS
Considering a new CMS because: Not considering a new CMS because:
“[There are lots] of options available.”“[We currently have a very] flexible
system … [it] can adapt to complex
needs.”
“Cascade Server does not suit dynamic
webpages that often are used in library
applications.”
“It is controlled by others at the
university.”
“We are now in the process of moving
towards Drupal so that we can benefit from
the Drupal tools that others create.”
“Campus decision.”
“Maintaining a homegrown CMS is a
challenge. We’d prefer an open source
system. However, we’ve yet to find one that
meets all our needs and haven’t had the
staffing to add on the functionality we
needed.”
“We are happy with the features and
capabilities of Drupal. We have briefly looked
at other systems, but they seem far less
flexible and suitable to our needs.”
WHAT TO LOOK OUT FOR WHEN CHOOSING A
WCMS
ensure that you will be provided with good
development and technical support
find a CMS that will integrate with (at least) some of
your main applications, such as Outlook
it should support a degree of document
management
ensure your CMS is user friendly
WCMS TODAY
"Don't annoy, or worse alienate,
prospective customers because your
cousin's friend's aunt's next-door
neighbor's brother volunteers to design
your website on the cheap"