Sánchez Cantón, Juan JoséBlázquez González, IsaacAlonso Caballero, David

• Massive increased use of the Web since 1989

• Web application. Classification:– Business to business, Business to customer– Web hypermedia application, Web software application and Web

application

• Survey “Web-based projects” (Cutter Consortium, 2000)– 53% of surveyed delivered projects did not provide the required

functionality– 84% of surveyed delivered projects did not meet business needs– 79% of surveyed projects presented schedule delays– 63% of surveyed projects exceeded their budget

• “Web engineering”: Murugesan & Deshpande, 2001:- “the use of scientific, engineering, and management principles and

systematic approaches with the aim of successfully developing, deploying and maintaining high quality Web-based systems and applications”

• Application characteristics and availibity– Integration of a higher number of distinct

components in Web.– In common, except for a few application domain,

there is no need for availability 24/7/365 • Technology and architecture:–Web: distributed architecture applications.

Network gets importance• Quality–Web: main quality drivers are reliability, usability,

and security.– Common: time to market takes priority over

quality

• Structuring and manteinance– Web: use of hyperlinks to build navigational structures.– Web: maintenance cycles are frequent without specific

releases and often take days or even hours.• Disciplines, and people involved in

development- Web: usually wider range of people involved than

common• Legal,social and ethical issues

- Web: Content can be easier copied and distributed without permission or acknowledgement of copyright and intellectual property rights.

• There is no standard for sizing Web applications as Web companies vary widely

• Numerous Web companies are too small to provide a stable environment from which they can develop and maintain their applications and rarely use standards like CCM so the can`t reuse the experience in future projects.

• Except for the Tukutuku database (Mendes, Mosley, & Counsell, 2003), there are practically no existing benchmark databases that can be used to obtain and then compare Web effort estimates and to benchmark Web projects’ productivity.

• Despite the proposal of numerous Web development methodologies, there is no single, unifying methodology that entirely captures all the intricacies of Web development projects and project management.

2 points of view:◦ Dhyani, NG and Bhowmick (2001)

◦ Calero et. AI (2004):classified 385 measures from 40 studies according to a framework called the Web quality model (WQM). This framework is structured according to three orthogonal dimensions.(Web features,Web life-cycle processes and Web quality characteristics:

General purpose:◦ To predict the effort our development require to carry out the

customer requirements (black box metaphor)

Expert-based: it is often based on previous experience with developing and/or managing similar Projects . Braingstorming session y CMM– drawbacks: rapidly evolution of technologies, the datas

on their own don’t give enough guarantee, Developers and project managers are known for providing optimistic effort estimates

• To cope with uderestimation, it is provided a formula:

E = (o + 4r + p) / 6 o,r,p: optimistic,realistic,pessimistic

estimate

• AlgorithmicTechniques:The inputs are function points, number of lines of source code, number of Web pages, etc. and the effort is the relationship between both sizes. It is translated into a equation (the most popular is WebMo - WQM):

E = a·S^b·CostDrivers :a,b: constantsS: estimated size of an applicationCostDrivers: cost drivers

Artificial Intelligence:◦ In the last decade, it has been used as a

complement to the previous two categories. Some examples: fuzzy logic, regression trees, neural networks and cased-based reasoning (CBR)

◦ CBR: similar problems proved similar solutions

o Classification and Regression Trees (CARTS): use independent variables (predictors) to build binary trees.

This abstract provide us a light revision of the special characteristics of software projects based on Internet and then define lines of performance that allow to obtain a model of cost estimation

obtained from the study of several authors. Those models have main importance on the market,

although the most popular are Algorithmic.Techniques yet.

-“Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects” Emilia Mendes. University of Auckland, New Zealand

-“Página Web de Almatali”    <www.almatali.com.ar>

-“Página Web de  Bournemouth University”. Dan Snell   < http://www.ecfc.u-net.com/cost/index.htm>

-“Web hypermedia cost estimation: further assessment and comparison of cost estimation modelling techniques : Hypermedia and the World Wide Web = Hypermedia and the World Wide Web” MENDES Emilia, COUNSELL Steve y  MOSLEY Nile