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File Four

Then & Now

MS4Level

TermMonth&weeks

File competence Learning objectivesType of

taskResources Module of integration (BEM proposed

themes) Exercises and BEM samples

Grammar Lexis Pronunciation Learning integration Assess integrationSe

cond

Term

Februa Week

1

FebruarWeek2

{winter holiday

s 2)

FebruarWeek

3

FebruarWeek

4

March Week

1

March Week

2

F

ile F

our

"4"

" The

n an

d N

ow !

"

Interact

Interpret

Produce

Remembering

Expressing surprise and interest

Describing people's lives

Asking for and giving information about people

N.B: Winter Holidays Test n°2: From

Second Term’ exams

(written )

( oral and written)

The simple past tense

The semi-modal : "used to …"

Relative pronouns

Vocabulary

related to old

crafts ,antiques

,history ,geogra

phy

WORDS & SOUNDS

Diphthongs

tripthongs

Write a biography

your school's name belongs to one of your local area Martyrs

Make a research about this Martyr , go and ask old people who used to be his friends , try to get a photo of him , list the most important events in his life .

Once your information gathered , make a biography about your chosen Martyr.

Present your biography to your classmates , discuss the subject with them , note down their remarks.

On any National days occasions present your article (1st on November – 19th March …)

SWBAT : Describe National Revolution Heroes'

biographies

Where do we stand now? (p112 to 114)

Progress check . (activities 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8p112/113) + activities : 9–10(p 114)

Free exercises

BEM samples :

Text as : 'Biography

"

Text as : "Narrative"

By Mr. samir bounab ([email protected])

mailto:[email protected]

File Four: 4AM Personal Goals: During this lesson, what teacher competencies are you focusing on? They should be adapted from the ATF to reflect the specifies of your situation

Two-way communication with the world.[ 1) The teacher uses and plans activities that allow learners to practice and develop real-life communication skills for reading, writing, speaking and listening (e.g. interviewing ,writing about a past experience , a classmate, reading an email, listening to phone message). 2)The teacher chooses topics and tasks that allow learners to develop skills in learning and communicating about themselves and their community ,and about their country and the world 3)The teacher introduces a variety of topics of interest to the learners that are related to other cultures, comparison of cultures and international issues.

Communicative Competence. Communicative competence in English involves interacting with others using receptive / interpretive skills ( reading and listening) and productive skills ( speaking and writing ) , supported by the ability to use vocabulary and grammar appropriately and employ a range of language strategies that help convey and clarify meaning.

Lesson Focus: Which aspects of language are you teaching: e.g. grammar point(s), aspect of pronunciation (phonemes, intonation, ect…), vocabulary (words, word phrases, idioms, ect…) functions (polite requests, apologizing….)?

In this lesson I will teach the following aspects of language:Function: Describing people's livesGrammar: The simple past tense & [The semi-modal : "used to …"]

Pronunciation: Diphthongs [ - day- ] [ -my-][ - boy-][ - low-][ - how-][ - near-][ - hair-][ - poor-] Vocabulary: { living – cabinet maker- shoemaker- unemployed – bodybuilder –complain- nowadays –major- shy- rank- lag- reminiscences- stone tools – caves – animal skins-spears –flute –lakes- frescoes – cavemen – front –stay close deep – diphthong – spear – chair – pure –malt – lay – rat- idioms- sieve- bygone bitten- representational – summarize disguise – caliph- informative – interlocutor – chairperson- modesty – fan-preached – violence-against – racist –defended- remained – tolerate- self respect – arguments- portrays – occur- illustrate – avoiding – nationalist – leader – struggle-independence- pacifist – disobedience-assassinated – betrayed } Will you explicitly teach an aspect of culture in this lesson ? If so, describe.

- Yes, I will teach some of the historic places and famous people of Algeria

Competencies : Which competencies in the AEF are you working toward or plan for the learners to achieve today? They should be adapted from the AEF to reflect the specifies of you lesson.

Can interact orally start and maintain short conversations ( i.e; asking/answering questions and responding to information and news of others)..Can listen and understand the gist and some important details of :”Short monologs and dialogs” Can listen to and understand unfamiliar instructions and explanations that are: Very short and straightforward / Accompanied by visuals (e.g; gestures, writing or drawing modelling, demonstration). Broken down step- by- step. Can effectively use the words and phrases needed to express one's ideas: Within straightforward, familiar topics an d situations

Objectives / Assessment: SWBAT by the end of the lesson, students will be able to demonstrate:

r Describe one’s life in the past and how it used to ber Discriminate between the diphthongs sounds

Required material and / or resources: r The Manual’s script and photos [p 91-92 – 95-97 -99-101-103-105-107-110]

Listen &Consider

r Script page 171 [email protected]

Page 3

Time Rationale Interaction P R O C E D U R E Swbat Who are my learners?

Welcoming&greeting

Being proud of ones history

Being proud of ones history

Actions or state that existed in the past


Teacher- Students

Students – teacher

Teacher – students


Students – students

Teacher –Students


Students – Students

Teacher – Students

File 4: MS4 level

Warm up: The teacher greets his learners and welcomes them. He interacts with them about the last file’s learning objectives.{Use time clause referring to the future- Use if conditional type one-make contingency plans}

The teacher asks the pupils to open their books on page 90, he introduces the new file, explains the new functions and the grammar .He may reminds them about they have already seen.The learners are asked to pay attention at the photos on page 91 and to interpret them. The

pupils may work in pairs. The teacher may help the pupils to interpret the photos by asking them to answer the following

questions:Which part of Algiers is represented in the picture at the top of the page?At what period of the Algerian history was it taken?Who are the people in the picture?How did they travel ?How is the place shown today?At what period of Algerian history was picture two taken?What are the thing which we find in the first picture we don't find in the second one ?What has changed ?

The teacher invites the pupils to give back their interpretations; he helps them to express themselves by correcting their mistakes and leads them to the right description.The teacher reports on the board the pupils interpretation, then invites them to read it .

Pre-listening :The teacher requires from the learners to open their books, look at the photos on page 92 and try

to interpret themThe pupils look at the pictures and give their interpretation "orally"; the teacher listens and

accepts all the answers about the situation given. The teacher explains the instructions of 'Activity1p92' then invites the pupils to work in pairs .

Activity1p92: Look at the pictures of the stars, then ask and answer about what they did for living before they became actors You: What did {– Whoopi Goldberg – Ait Menguelat – Clint Eastwood – Arnold Schwarzenegger} do for

living before he/she become [an actor – actress/singer]?

Interact

Interact

Interpret

Produce

Interact

Interpret

Produce

Look at the guided sheet of 'File 4p90' and interact with the teacher about what it has been learnt in the previous files, then talk about what 's new in this file .

Look at the photos on page 91 and try to identify the situation

Interpret the pictures and make a discrimination between the two situations

Read the teacher's questions and try to specify the answer according to the questions given.

Pay attention at the photos of the stars and try to recognize them.

Interact with the teacher about the photo of each star.They are free to improvise.

Match each information with the right star.

Complete a dialogue , then use it to perform by pairs .

Perform a






Surprising & Shocking


Teacher – studentsTeacher- Students





Teacher –Students




Your partner: He /She was [– teacher – cabinet maker – gas station attendant- body builder]You : That's right .The pupils work in pairs then check their answers with the teacher.

During- listening: The teacher asks the pupils to shut their books , listen to him reading the script .

You : What did Whoopi Goldberg do for living before she become an actress?Your partner: She was a teacher

The pupils listen then correct on the board The learners listen to the teacher's explanation of "Activity2p92, then invites them to listen to him reading and try to identify how the letter "d" is pronounced;

Page 3Post-listening:Activity2p92: Listen and note how the letter "d" in -used to – is pronounced.

a. I used to be a teacher b. I used to teach in a high school in Harlem, New York city. / t / c. They used to be wonderful.

The teacher invites the learners to read the script, then read all the written works on the board, finally copy down.Presentation:The teacher invites the learners to read again the sentences of Activity 2p92

a. I used to be a teacher b. I used to teach in a high school in Harlem, New York city. c. They used to be wonderful.

Isolation : The teacher isolates one of the sentences then invites the learners to read it again.I used to be a teacher.

Analysis : Subject + verb + object

used to + be semi-model + verb (infinitive)

Stating Rule: The learners are invited to state the rule from the analyzed statement.

Prac tice : The

learners are invited to perform the following tasks. The teacher asks the learners to refer to the grammar lesson on page 184, and try to answer 'activity2p93'

Activity2p93: Look at these rules on "used to" and choose the correct answer. “ Based form task”A.We use - used to – to talk about things which. Don't happen now, but did happen in the past.B.We can use….. a) the simple past to replace "used to "

The teacher explains the instructions of the 'Activity 1p93 then invites the learners to do it.

Interact

Interpret

Produce

Interpret

Interpret

Interact

Interpret

Produce

Interact

Produce

listening comprehension activity by listening to the script and spot the right answer of the given question

[email protected]

Read the script Identify the new

"model " used to Listen and recognize

the correct pronunciation

Read & analyze.Interact with the

teacher about the new 'structure' and discuss about it has already been seenRead and listen

to the teacher's explanationIdentify all the

mixed tense Use the grammar

lesson as a reference and do the activities related to the semi-model "used to "Identify a

grammar rule and its use

Subject + used to + verb (infinitive) + object = refers to past situations that no longer exist.

The learners are invited to open their books on page 184, the teacher asks the pupils to read the "Grammar Lesson" while he explains each part of the lesson through contexts.






Teacher- Students





Teacher –Students




Students –

Activity 1p93: Consider the sentences then choose the correct alternative (possibility). Circle the letter of the correct answer. ”Meaning based task”A.I used to teach in a high school in Harlem, New York City. ( a ) I used to teach in high , but I'm playing roles in films now.B.Did you use to like teaching? Yes, I did Did you like teaching? Yes, I did.C.I didn 't use to complain about them . I did not complain about them.

The learners workers work in pair while the teacher supervises them and offers his help once needed, then invites the learners to give back their answers(with justification).( the learners use their pencils and correct on their books)

Activity 1p93: Use the information in the box to express 'surprise' “communicative based”A: Karim is playing in major films. B:Really, he used to be shy.A : Souad ranked first in Mathematics. B : Really , she used to have bad marks in Geometry and

Algebra .A : Ron is running faster than anyone else . B: Really , he used to lag behind everybody.

The teacher invites the learners to correct on the board , then read the corrected task .The teacher explains the instructions of “Acivity2p94” then invites the learners to do it as a homework. Page 4

warm-up : The teacher greets his learners and welcomes them. He inquires about their daily life school matters The learners are invited to correct the homework given the previous hour. The teacher supervises the work of the learners, and then invites them to give their answers (orally) while he reports the answers on the board.Activity2p94: Interview each other using the questionnaire.

A. Which primary school did you use to go to ? B:I used to go to "Med Hamidouche primary School. A :Wh o used to be your teacher of Arabic ? B :Just a minute . It was Mr Mohamed .A :What about your teacher of French ? B :I don't remember her name.

A How did you use to go to school , by bus , by car , or on foot ? B :I used to go on foot. A :Did you eat in the cateen? B :No , there were no canteens at that time. A :What used to be your favorite subject? B :I used to like maths and drawing . A :Did your teachers use to punish you ? B :No , they didn't ./Yes they did .

The teacher invites the pupils to perform the activity as a drill, and then use their pencils and correct on their books.The teacher asks the learners to pay attention at the 'write it up ' section which is an integrated situation, he explains the instructions of " Activity 1p94" then asks each learner to work alone .Integrated Situation: (Activity 1p94) Learning the situation:Assessing the Integration:

The teacher invites the learners to work individually, he supervises their works, offers his help once needed then invites them to give back their answers. My reminiscences.

Interact

Interpret

Produce

Interact

Interpret

Produce

Interact

Choose the right answer by giving a justification

Read respecting stress and intonation

Interact with the teacher about the new function 'surprise' and the way to express it .Transform the table into a drill using the semi-model – used to –Look at the model and produce exchanges .Read and perform drill respecting stress and intonationProduce activities as home Works

[email protected]

Greet and welcomeAnswer a

questionnaire about oneself experience

Use the semi-model used to- to talk about once experience

Answer the "whqqs" words by giving the appropriate answer to the appropriate question

Read and perform the drill respecting stress and intonation and the

Your friends were enjoying their time by recollecting their past events ; when one of them asked you to talk to tell them about your reminiscences .Use the “semi-model-used to- & didn’t use to” and the hints on page 94 to make a short productions about your reminiscences .


Phonology

& phonetics

Phonology

& phonetics

Phonology

& phonetics

Students

Teacher- Students





Teacher –Students




Students –

The pupils work in rough , the teacher supervises their works, then asks them to read their production while he correct on the board.

page 5

The teacher invites the learners to pay attention at the following example, he tries to attracts their attention to the underlined word , how are they uttered.Example : ♪ Presentation: The baby holds a pear in his mouth. ♪ Isolation : baby pear mouth

♪ Analysis: “a” =/ei/ “ea” =/e /ə “ou” = /a /ʊ Diphthongs

♪ Stating rule: A diphthong is a union of two vowel sounds.

The learners are invited for more practice on diphthongs on page 99 . The teacher invites the learners to look at the drawing on page 99,then try to interpret it .The learners are asked to look at the drawing and try to do the activity .

B hair B eye B mouth B əʊ nose B ɪə ear

The pupils are asked to reproduce the drawing then try to identify the words corresponding to the diphthongs .

The teacher invites the learners to correct on the board then read the corrected task . The learners are asked to open their books on page 99, listen to the teacher explaining the instructions then try to do the 'activity'.

Activity 3p99:Arrange the words below according to the pronunciation of the letters in bold type.

Interpret

Interpret

Produce

Produce

right pronunciation of "used to"

Interact with the teacher about what they used to do at primary and middle school

They should make the difference between the use of the semi –model and what they are now doing

Used the simple past tense while using the semi-model "used to "

Produce a passage talking about what they used to do

Read to the audience what they have produced .

[email protected]

Identify vowel

sounds

Recognize the

phonetic symbols

of vowels

Interpret a

drawing

Identify words

corresponding to

phonetic symbols

Stone – air – no – now – buy – boat- house – know- here – there –oil – spear – sure – chair – bear – tour – pure – hear – town – five- bay

When I was younger, I used to go to school on foot. After school, I used to revise my lessons before watching TV. My favourite TV show used to be 'Tom and Jerry' .My friends used to come to my home to play games .At school I didn't use to like maths. I used to prefer to study languages: Arabic, French and English .The season I liked most was summer. During the summer holidays, I used to go to the beach .I used to be a very good swimmer .I remember I could swim for many meters .I used to spend whole summer days there fishing and enjoyed the fresh air coming from all the north.


Students

NoseNo

BoatKnow

NowHouseTown

BuyFive Bay

HereSpearHear

AirThereChairBear

The learners work in pairs , the teacher supervises their works then invites them to give back their answer, they are asked to use their pencils and correct directly on their books , later (at home)the reproduce the activity on their copy books.

The learners are asked to read the corrected tasks on the board ,then write down on their copy books.

Page 6

Interact with

the teacher

about the subject

Identify th

evoawel sounds

Listen then

match each

symbol with its

right word

Identify the

rhyme in a song

[email protected]

File Four: 4AM Personal Goals: During this lesson, what teacher competencies are you focusing on ? They should be adapted from the ATF to reflect the specifies of your situation 3.Supported and purposeful development : Learners benefit and get more involved when each activity builds on previous material so that knowledge and skills build logically towards achieving and developing specific competences. A] The teacher plans lessons that have communicative objectives and whose steps build toward meeting them. B] The teacher breaks down functions, genres and skills into small components /skills/parts in order to present realistic "chunks" of the language for learners to process. C]The teacher stages the lessons so that what the learner learns/practices in each step prepares for the next ones .

4.Meaningful Activities / Tasks . Classroom activities and tasks should draw on learners' lives and interests and help them to communicate ideas and meaning in and out of class a) The teacher supplements and adapts the textbook to plan activities related to learners' lives and interests.b) The teacher uses and plans activities that allow learners to practice and develop real-life communication skills for reading ,writing speaking and listening.

The teacher contextualizes the activities and provides a purpose for them .


In this lesson I will teach the following aspects of language:Function: Describing people’s life in the past


Grammar: “ semi-model” <used to > & relative pronouns (which- who- where)

Vocabulary: vocabulary related to cave, frescoes, tassili, hoggar,sahara , animals,forest…… Will you explicitly teach an aspect of culture in this lesson ? If so, describe.

- Yes, I will teach some of the historic places (Tassili- Algerian Sahara) .

Competencies: Which competencies in the AEF are you working toward or plan for the learners to achieve today? They should be adapted from the AEF to reflect the specifies of you lesson. Can read and understand the main points and some important details. Medium –length texts (e.g. three paragraphs) On familiar topics related to self and community (e.g. school interest ,health, experience and well-known events or issues).

Objectives / Assessment: SWBAT by the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

r Talk about abd describe how life used to be in the past using the semi-model “used to & relative pronouns”

Required material and / or resources: r The Manual’s script and photos [p 95-97 -98] & photos , flashcards about the Algerian Sahara , Tassili…..r Script page 96

[email protected]

Page 7


Welcoming & Greeting


Teacher- Students




File Four MS4 levelWarm-up : The teacher greets his learners and welcomes them. He tries to interact with them about the last hour’s learning objectives.Pre-reading :Step one : The teacher interacts with the learners about the subject which is " what life used to be 5000 years ago". The learners are free to talk and give their interpretation about the subject they may use what they have learnt in geography.Step two: The teacher explains the instructions of "Activity 1p95" then invites the pupils to work in pairs.Activity1p94: Use the words in the box, ask and answer questions about what life use to be in the Sahara 5000 years ago.

You: Where did people in the Sahara use to live? Your partner: They used to live in caves. You: What did they use to do to live/for their livelihood? Your partner They used to hunt animals/ used to be hunters.

Interact

Interact

Interpret

Interact with the teacher about the subject since they've already seen it in History

Look at the picture and interpret it

Use key words and complete a dialogue

Work in pair and produce a dialogue






Teacher –Students





Teacher- Students




You: With what did they ? Your partner: They used to hunt with spears. You: Did they use to make stone tools? Your partner: Yes, they did. You: What did they use to wear? Your partner: They used to wear animal skins. You: Did they use to paint on rocks? Your partner: Yes, they did.

Step three: The teacher asks the pupils to read and perform the drill pair by pair.Step four: The teacher explains the instructions of "Activity2p95" then asks them to work on their rough copybooks. Activity 2p95: Look at the picture again, and then guess what sentence might be true.

The Sahara used to be a green land. Life used to be dangerous there.

Step five: The teacher asks the learners to give their answer "orally" with justification.

During- reading:Step one: The teacher invites the pupils to pay attention at the text on page 96, he invites them to follow while he reads and explains it .Step two: The teacher explains the instructions of "Activity1p96", then requires form the learners to answer.Activity 1p96: Read the text then check your answers to question 2.

The Sahara used to be a green land. Life used to be dangerous there.

Step three : The teacher explains the instructions of "Activity2p96"then asks the pupils to work on their rough. Activity 2p96: Read and find two or three pieces of information.

The cave people used to play music (the flute) The cave people used to light fires at the entry of the cave to frighten animals away.

Step four: The teacher invites the learners to read the text again and do the following task.

Page 8

Exercise: Read the text then complete the Graphic.

Produce

Interpret

Produce

Interpret

Interact

Produce

Interact

Interpret

Produce


Interpret the picture again and try to improvise

Produce more statements from a given picture

Use the new structure to form sentences .

Describe historic places

Give justification to a given request

Describe the past of historic places and what they use to be

Describe human activities and what they use to do .

Describe objects used in the past

Compare what used to be done in the age of stone and now

Read drills respecting stress and intonation

Samir's preparation at

[email protected]

Read the

statements and

interact with the

teacher about the

meaning .







Sentences

&


Teacher –Students





Teacher- Students




Step four: The teacher invites the pupils to read the letter and try to answer the exercise, while he moves and tries to offer his help once needed.Step five: The learners are invited to come to the board and fill in the graphic.

Post –Reading: The teacher explains the instructions of Activity2p96 then invites the learners to do the following task.

Exercise :Look at the picture onp95, read the letter then compare and contrast.

Caves cavemen Pictures of Animals fire Rivers &lakes dangerous Animals boy play flute Forests

The learners are invited to correct on the board, read the corrected tasks then write down on their copy books.

Page 9

Warm up: The teacher greets his learners and welcomes them; he interacts with tem about their daily school affairs. The teacher invites the learners to open their books on page 96 and pay attention at the text

Interpret

Produce

Interact

Interpret

Interact

Interpret

Interpret the

given sentences

then pick out the

same ones form the

text .

They read and

identify the

required

instructions

Justify their

answers

Produce

sentences avoiding

the repetition

Use the

appropriate

conjunction to

avoid the

repetition

[email protected]

Interact with the

teacher about the

given conjunction



1] “ which – who – where “ are relative pronouns. 2] A relative pronoun is a pronoun that marks a relative clause within a larger sentence. It is called a relative pronoun because it relates to the word that it modifies and is not specific. In English, relative pronouns are: who, whom, which, whose, that, where, when,

why. (Wikipedia)

3] Grammar notes on page 185

Expression

Sentences

&

Expressions

Sentences

&

Expressions

s


Teacher –Students





Teacher- Students




Post –reading :He invites them to talk freely and sum-up the text. The teacher reads the text loudly and invites the learners to listen, follow and underline the following sentences.

Presentation:1] It had large forests, which were full of dangerous animals.2] The people who used to live in the Sahara were cave people.3] They painted many beautiful pictures of animals and hunters in the caves where they lived.4] They wore the skins of the animals, which they hunted.5] It comes from the Arabic word Sahra, which means desert Main Clause

Analysis: The teacher invites the learners to analyze the isolated sentences. (the people) + verb + object

It had large forests, which were full of dangerous animals. The people who used to live in the Sahara were cave people.S + V + Object Relative + S + object S + Relative + verb + object Pronoun pronoun = people

= forests

Main clause Subordinate Relative Clause Subordinate Relative Clause

They painted many beautiful pictures of animals and hunters in the caves where they lived.s + verb + object rel pr = in caves + S + object

Main clause subordinate relative clause

Stating Rule:

Which refers to objects Who to subject where to place

The learners are invited to open their books on page185 and pay attention at the grammar notes there , the teacher may invites some of the pupils to read he explains all the grammar notes through examples and in contexts .

The learners are invited to pay attention at the analysis the stated rule and try to do the following tasks.Page 10

The learners are invited to open their books on page 185 and pay attention to the grammar lesson about the "relative pronouns" The teacher invites the pupils to read each part of the lesson while the teacher explains through contexts the parts of the lesson. The relative pronouns are used to form relative clauses They are used to avoid repetition. These clauses could be [ defining or non-defining clauses]1- Who –which and that as subject of a defining relative clause

Interact

Interpret

Produce

Interact

Interact

Interpret

Interact

Interpret

and the ones

already seen .

Produce correct

sentences without

any repetition

Discriminate

between the

conjunctions and

their uses (object –

place- subjects)

Improvise what

are those conjunction

since they might have

been seen in French.

Identify the

conjunctions as

{Relative Pronouns}

Recognize the use of

the relative pronouns

and discriminate

between the ones

already seen {time and

conditional

conjunctions}

[email protected]

Interact with the teacher about the subject

Express themselves



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronoun

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_clause

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_(linguistics)

Sentences

&

Expressions

Sentences

&

Expressions

Sentences

&

Expressions

Sentences

&


Teacher –Students





Teacher- Students




o Relative clauses about "people" We can join stat to form complex sentences using th e- relative pronouns- < who – that o They are used in place of noun subjects (the boy) or pronoun subject {I – you – she….}o Relative clauses about things and animals: We can join stat to form complex sentences using the - relative pronouns-< which –that>o Which and that are used to refer to things or animals.

2- Who –whom, which and that as object of a defining relative clause A – Relative clauses about people: We use "who- whom and that" to refer to people of noun objects or pronouns objects {me- you – him-her – them ….} Example : - This is the man, I wanted to see him. - This is the man {who –whom – that } I wanted to see. {me- you – him-her – them ….} who –whom – thatB – Relative clauses about things and animals :

We use "which" and "that" instead of 'noun objects or pronouns objects (it/them) to refer to animals and things.Example : - This is the house Jack built it . - This is the house "that /which" Jack built.3- Whose and where :

A – We use "whose" in relative clauses instead of ( his- her – their to refer mostly to people ) Example : . A widow is a woman .Her husband is dead. . A widow is a woman whose husband is dead.

B . We use "where" in relative clauses to refer to places . Example : The restaurant was very clean .We had lunch there (in the restaurant) - The restaurant where we had lunch was very clean.4- Function of defining relative clauses They give "essential information" about the people , things and animals they refer to identify "what / who " we are talking or writing about.Example: This is the man who saved my life.

We use no comma before the relative pronoun in defining relative clauses.5- Relative pronouns in "non-defining" relative clauses. - We can also use "who- which – who – whom , but not 'that' in non-defining relative clauses.- Non-defining relative clauses give "extra information" not essential.-We use "commas" before relative pronouns of "non-defining" relative clauses. When it occurs in final position.Example: -Abdelkader lives in a rented house, which is nearly 5 kilometers away from his work place.-We use commas after relative clause when it occurs in the middle position.A-London, which is the capital of Britain, has over 8 million inhabitants.B- Ali's father, who is 75 , walks 10 km a day.c-Abdelkader, whose mother is American , speaks Arabic and English fluentlyd- Zidane, whom I like so much, is Algerian.Note :A relative clause follows the noun it refers to .So it fits in the position where the noun or the pronoun it refers to occurs .It can occur either in the middle or in final position. Page11

Exercise 1: Re-order the words to form correct subordinate relative clauses. [Based form tasks]1] A giraffe /which /African Jungle/is/lives/animal/./in/the/

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………2] A postman /delivers/ who/man/is/the mail/./a/everyday

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………3] A library /books/place/where/can/we/./read/a/is/

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about the relative pronouns

Identify a complex sentence and its composites

Identify the tense of each part of the complex sentence

Recognize the use of each "whqqs" and make the discrimination between their use {as pronoun and as question words}

Use correctly each "relative pronoun"

Combine sentences using relative pronouns

Identify the punctuation in a relative clause

Recognize a "defining relative clause and a non defining one"

Discriminate between a defining clause and a non defining one.

Discriminate between the position of a non-defining clause.

Samir Bounab's preparation sheet

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Read the statements



Expressions

Sentences

&

Expressions




Teacher –Students





Teacher- Students




…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Activity A: Pick out sentences from the letter above which have the same meaning as the pairs of sentences below. [Meaning Based task]

a-The Sahara used to be a green land with large rivers and big lakes. It used to be a green land with large rivers and big lakes, which contained a lotb- The large rivers and big lakes contained a lot of fish. of fish.

a-It had large forests.b-The large forests were full of dangerous animals. It had large forests, which were full of dangerous animals.

a-People used to live in the Sahara.b-These people were cave people . The people who used to live in the Sahara were cave people.

a-They painted many beautiful pictures of animals and hunters in the caves. They painted many beautiful pictures of animals and hunters in theb-They lived in the caves. caves where they live.

The learners try to answer the task, then the teacher invites them to correct “orally” using their pencils.

Activity B: Cross the words, which are repeated in the pairs and replace them with the relative pronouns. Be aware of the punctuation [ Meaning Based task]

a-The Sahara used to be a green land with large rivers and big lakes. The Sahara used to be a green land with, which contained a lot of b- The large rivers and big lakes contained a lot of fish. Fish. Which == large rivers and big lakes refers to objects a-People used to live in the Sahara. The people who used to live in the Sahara were cave peopleb-These people were cave people .. who == These people to subject

a-They painted many beautiful pictures of animals and hunters in the caves. They painted many beautiful pictures of animalsb-They lived in the caves. and hunters in the caves where they live.

Where == in the caves. to placeThe teacher asks the pupils to give the deduction about the situation .

Th

e learners try to answer the task, then the teacher invites them to correct “orally” using their pencils.

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The teacher interacts with the learners about the subject .[Archeology – the cave age ….]The teacher explains the instructions of "Activity 1p97"and the new words such as {stone axe – spear – stone pot – stone jar – skin bag}. The learners should be aware about the difference between 'used to ' and the verb "to use" then invites the learners to perform the drill. Activity1p97: Use the relative pronouns to form correct dialogues: { Communicative based task}

o Ann: Excuse me, what is this?o Archeologist: This/That is a stone ax.o Ann: What did the cave men use it for?

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and interact with the teacher about the meaning .

Interpret the given sentences then pick out the same ones form the text .

They read and identify the required instructions

Justify their answers Produce sentences

avoiding the repetition Use the appropriate

conjunction to avoid the repetition

Interact with the teacher about the given conjunction and the ones already seen .

Produce correct sentences without any repetition

Discriminate between the conjunctions and their uses (object – place- subjects)

Improvise what are those conjunction since they might have been seen in French.

Identify the conjunctions as {Relative Pronouns}

Recognize the use of the relative pronouns and discriminate between the ones already seen {time and conditional conjunctions}

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Which , who, where are Relative pronouns they refer to the words which come before them . (They are used to ovoid the repetition)



Imagine you are a tourist guide and some tourists are inquiring about how life used to be in the Sahara .Write a short note for tourists about what life used to be like in the Sahara .Use the right relative pronoun to link the sentences.

Life used to be dangerous in the Sahara .You know, tigers, bears and lions, which lived near the caves , used to attack cave people .Life was even more dangerous for children .The children who used to stay close to the open fire often got burnt .The children who often fetched water to drink fell into the deep lakes and died ….



Sentences&

Expressions


Teacher –Students





Teacher- Students




o Archeologist: They used it for hunting wild animals.o Ann: And what is that?o Archeologist: This /That is a stone star.o Ann: What did they use it for?o Archeologist: They used it for storing fat.

The pupils do the drills on their rough then give back their work 'orally' pair by pair.The learners listen to the teacher's explanation of 'activity 2p98' and the new words then invites them to work on their rough copy books. Activity 2p98: Make correct dialogues using the relative pronouns "where" .

A : Excuse me , what did cavemen use to do at the corner of the cave ? B : This is the place where they used to keep their musical instruments. A : And what did they use to do in the back of the cave ? B : This is the back of he cave where they used to sleep. A : What did they use to do in the back of the cave? B : This is the front of the cave where they used to keep a fire to frighten wild animals away.

The pupils work on their rough, correct on the board then perform the drills pair by pair.

1} Learning Integration: The pupils are asked to pay attention at 'Write it out ' section , they listen to the teacher's explanation then try to do the work on their rough .The teacher has to explain the new words such as [ stay close to – fetch – deep ]

2} Assessing Integration:

The teacher helps the learners in their production, then invites some of them to read what they have produced while he reports the passage on the board. The pupils are asked to read the corrected tasks , then write down on their copy books. Page13

warm up: The teacher greets his learners and welcomes them, he tries to interact with them about the last séance learning objectives.

The teacher invites the pupils to open their books on page 100 ,listen to the teacher reading the 'nursery rhyme' ,they are also asked to identify the relative pronouns .

The learners are invited to interact about the 'relative pronouns' they've found , they should justify what those pronouns replace .

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interact

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Interact with the teacher about the subject

Talk about cave period

Improvise how life used to be

Describe tools used in that period

Identify jobsDiscriminate

between the verb 'to use' and 'used to '

Identify relative pronouns

Describe the use of the relative pronouns

Use the relative pronouns to form complex sentences

Use relative pronouns to produce a coherent paragraph

Discriminate between relative pronouns for 'people ' and 'objects'

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Information

&

Messages

Surprise and

Amazement

Describe

Biography

Of

Famous

People

Describe

Biography


Teacher –Students





Teacher- Students




the pupils are asked to read the rhyme .

The teacher reminds the pupils about 'idioms' , explains the instructions , and the new words and expressions ,then asks them to do the work 'pair work' Activity p100: Match idioms with their meanings.

1 2 3 4 5

B A C E D

The pupils give back their answers , the teacher directs them ,using their pencils ,they correct on their books .The teacher invites the pupils to read the activity pair by pair.

The pupils are asked to listen to each others interacting about 'India', then with the help of the teacher they complete the information card .

The pupils are asked to listen to each others interacting about 'India', then with the help of the teacher they complete the information card .

The teacher interacts with his pupils about the mausoleum "Taj Mahal" , Then the teacher directs the activity by giving some information about the mausoleum.

The teacher gives separated statements then asks the pupils to gather them in order to form a coherent paragraph .

Activity 3p101: What do you know about this monument, write a short paragraph about it.Use the relative pronouns.The paragraph:

This white marble mausoleum which was built by Shah Jahan in memory of his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal. It is called the Taj Mahal .It took 20.000 workers more than 23 years to build. They finished building it in 1653.It is a famous example of Indo-Islamic architecture, which fuses the Muslim and Hindu styles. As you can see, it has a central dome and minarets on each corner….The teacher reports the activity on the board then asks the learners to read it.

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The pupils are invited to pay attention at 'Activity 4p102", listen to the teacher explaining the instructions then asks the pupils to take their pencils and correct with their teacher 'orally' on their books .[ The teacher provides the missing information to the learners] Activity 4p102: Do a research about Harun al-Rashid .

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Recognize the relative pronouns and their use

Identify idioms Interact about

countries , their location and information which they concern

Do a research about a monument

The pupils interact with the teacher about famous mausoleums

The pupils give back what they've gathered as information about 'The Taj Mahal'

The pupils look at the picture on page 101 and interpret it .

They produce a short production about the subject

The are asked to read respecting stress and intonation

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National name: Hindi BharatArea : 3.166.829 sq/kmBordering countries: Nepal, China, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Pakistan,(Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean)Official languages: Hindi ,EnglishNational languages:17 'languages' .More than 1650 dialectsReligions: Hindu 83% ;Sunni Muslim 11%;Chriatian 2.5% ;Sikh 2%Capital : New DelhiMain Towns: Bangalore; Ahmedabad, Kampur, Bombay and Calcutta.Currency : RupeeMonuments : Kesava Temple, Taj MahalRepresentational animal : cowFamous Indian leaders: Mahatma Ghandi , Nehru , Andira Ghandi .

Name : Harun Al-RashidDate and place of birth : Ravy-Persia-Iran, 765 ADFather : Caliph El MahdiMother : Of Berber stockOccupation : Caliph (786 A.D – 809AD)Married : Zubayda ,his cousin 782ADHobbies : Reading short stories , listening to music , playing chess….His friends : Khalid Albarmak – Fadl – Djaffar , YahiaHis pen friend : Charlemagne ,King of the Franks, sent gifts to Charlemagne : silk robes , elephant , chess game, clock.Hero of a famous tale : One thousand and one nights.Habits : walking the streets of Baghdad in disguise at night.



Of

Famous

People

Describe

Biography

Of

Famous

People


Teacher –Students





The teacher invites the learners to read the gathered information .The pupils listen to the teacher explaining the instructions of 'activity6p102',then invites them to work in pairs.

Activity 6p102: Write a short biography using the information in the above 'activity' use the semi modal –used to – and the relative pronouns.The biography :

Harun AlRashid was born in 766 and died in 809.He was the son of Al Mahdi who was the third caliph of the Abbasides dynasty of Baghdad .His mother was of Berber stock .Harun AL Rashid married his cousin in 782.In 786, he became caliph .HarunAlRashid was a man who was very fond of music ,science and literature. He gave his protection to many scientists and writers during his reign. Harun had many friends .Among these friends were Khalid AlBarmak,Fadl,Djaffar and Yahia .One of his pen friends was Charlemagne, who was the King of the Franks.Harun Alrashid was generous with him .He sent him silk robes, a chess game , a clock and an elephant to Charlemagne to show him his friendship .What he dislikes most is dishonesty. He was the hero of the famous tales called "One thousand and one nights" , where Harun Al Rashid is portrayed as a man walking the streets of Baghdad in disguise at night ….

The teacher asks the learners to correct their works , they're asked to read and he reports the work on the board. The pupils are asked to read all the written works on the BB, then write down on their class copy booksThe teacher explains the instructions of 'activity 1p103' and asks the pupils to do it as a home work .The teacher supervises the work on the pupils ; invites them to read what they've done , then write it on the board .

Activity 1p103: Combine the two columns to form a coherent paragraph.Leonardo Fibonacci's biography : The Italian Leonard Fibonacci , who was a merchant and also a learned mathematician , introduced Arabic numerals to western Europe .He was educated in present –day Bejaia, on the North African coast , where his father was a commercial agent .When he returned to Italy , he published a book of mathematics, which he called 'The Book of The Abacus" The teacher invites the pupils to read the correct work on the board .The teacher encourages the pupils to build up more biographies about the other personalities given in 'Activity2p103'

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Interact about famous Islamic personalities

Interpret the picture on page 102 and express theselves about 'Harun Alrashid"

Fill in the formUse the

information in the previous activity and try to build up a biography about the given personality

Use what they have already learnt (semi modal and relative pronouns)Build complex sentences to form a cohernent paragraph

Work in pair Read their

production then write down .

Give back their production


Make complex sentences and short paragraphs using the relative pronounsUse notes to expand them into paragraphs

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File Four: 4AM Personal Goals: During this lesson, what teacher competencies are you focusing on ? They should be adapted from the ATF to reflect the specifies of your situation 5.Active, evolving process: Learning a language requires opportunities to use what one knows for communicative purposes, making mistakes and learning from them .The aim is to perform competently ,while recognizing that errors may still occur.a) The teacher provides a balance of activities that focus on accuracy and fluency. B] The teacher plans activities within each lesson in which learners use the language freely without worrying about errors,

so that they can focus on fluency and communication. C] The teacher plans activities in which learners use previously learned language and skills and incorporate new language and skills d] The teacher gives learners opportunities to recognize errors and figure out how to correct them.

6. Ongoing assessment of Learning. On going , or regular ,assessment should take various forms and address the competences that have been learned in class, so that the assessment can provide useful information on individual progress and achievement, which teachers and learners can review to aid learning . The teacher has realistic short and long term learning objectives for learners. B] Regularly assesses learner learning. C] The teacher plans and uses a variety of assessment activities to assess learning. D] The teacher plans and uses assessment activities that assess not only what learners know, but also what learners are able to do as speakers, listeners, readers and writers. E] The teacher teaches learners to assess themselves and their peers so that they are aware of their progress.


In this lesson I will teach the following aspects of language:Function: Asking for and giving information about people & Describing biographiesGrammar: Simple present tense - relative pronouns – simple past tense

Vocabulary: Vocabulary related to history and Islamic civilization scientist Will you explicitly teach an aspect of culture in this lesson? If so, describe.

- Yes, I will teach some of the, USA national symbols & Algerian famous personalities ( Ben Badis)

Competencies : Which competencies in the AEF are you working toward or plan for the learners to achieve today? They should be adapted from the AEF to reflect the specifies of you lesson. Can plan for ,use and evaluate the effectiveness of Spoken Interaction Strategies used: To facilitate pair work in class. To convey the meaning of unknown words, phrases and structures. To gain time to plan and recall language.

Can listen to and understand unfamiliar instructions and explanations that are: Very short and straightforward accompanied by visuals (e.g; gestures ,writing or drawing modeling, demonstration).Broken down step- by- step .


r Ask and give information about the past of people and tribesr Describe famous ones and famous people’s biographies

Required material and / or resources: r The Manual’s script and photos [p 101 – 103 -105-106] r Script page 171 -172

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Page 16


Welcoming&

greeting

Interrupting&

preventingfrom

speaking

Race &Ethnicity

Race &Ethnicity

Teacher- Students





Teacher –Students



Warm up: The teacher greets his learners and welcomes them, he tries to interact with them about the last Pre-listening:

The teacher invites the pupils to listen to him explaining the instructions of 'Activity 1p104" then take their pencils and correct on the board. Activity 1p104: What will you do in the following situations? Circle the correct answer.

A .You can't hear well what you interlocutor says . You will say: Could you repeat please.B . You make a mistake while speaking to someone. You will say sorry and correct the mistake.C .You don't understand what your interlocutor says. You will say "Pardon?"

The teacher invites the learners to read their correction, and then they are asked to listen to him reading the script on page '170/171' and check if they were correct.During –listening:

The teacher invites the pupils to read the script pairs by pairs, explains the new vocabulary and expressions The teacher explains the instructions of 'activity3p104', ask the pupils to shut their books and try to improvise the answers.

Activity3p104: Listen and say why does the teacher in the script responds as he does below. Circle the right answer;A ."Hold on Mike! James hasn't finished yet" Mike hasn't waited for his turn to speak.B . The teacher uses the word "Now" to say that He wants to change the topic of the conversation.

The teacher invites the learners to use their pencils and correct on their books.The teacher invites the pupils to pay attention to the 'coping' section', he asks the pupils to read section by section while he

explains each section.Post –listening:

The pupils are invited to re-read the 'coping ' section again, then write it down on their copy books .

The learners are invited to look at the map on page 105, talk and say what the already know about the subject.The teacher asks the pupils to go back to the script on page 170/171 and try to build up a dialogue or discuss about the Tribes of the Indian

Nation. The teacher explains the aim of 'Activity1p106', which is how to take notes down.

Activity 1p106: Listen to the teacher and make notes.Column A Column B

They arrived in 1607 Date of colonists' arrival? 1607A tribe called Powhatan Indian tribe? PowhatanThe tribe' name refers to its chief Indian chief? PowhatanHe was a tall man with a stern face What did he look like? Tall man/stern faceHe was a man of 60 years old His age? 60 yearsHe never forgave his enemies. He loved his daughter What was he like? Cruel /loved his daughter

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Interact about different sorts of situations specially when asking about 'clarification –

Recycle this kind of activity since it has already been seen the previous year .

Discriminate between different sorts of situations

Read and justify answers

Identify the meaning of a speech from a specific word or expression

Exploit a map to interact about a given subject

Interpret a map to form a dialogue or a paragraph

Recognize the most important word or expression in a sentence and note it down

List down notes from a


Making Notes: When you make notes,don’t try to copy the exact words.The teacher is not giving a dictation, so you don’t haveTime to copy everything.Simply write down what is essential.

Pieces of writing



Her name was Pocahontas Daughter's name? Pocahontas She was 13 years old Her age? 13

The pupils use their pencils to complete the chart then perform it as pair work. The teacher asks the pupils to pay attention at 'coping section' on page 106, he invites one of the learners to read it while he

explains each part of it

The teacher explains the instructions of 'activity2p 106' , then asks the pupils to write a short biography about Pocahontas {homework} Page17

Interact

Produce

dialogue or a textInteract

about historic subjects

Identify and locate places and past events

Produce a short production about people they have already known [email protected]

File Four: 4AM Personal Goals: During this lesson, what teacher competencies are you focusing on ? They should be adapted from the ATF to reflect the specifies of your situation 7.Active Learners: Learners acquire and retain language best when the topics meet their interests and when they are active participants in their learning: finding personal meaning ,learning cooperatively with peers, and making connections to life outside of classa) The teacher supplements and adapts the textbook to plan activities related to learners' interests, prior knowledge and experience. " SARS" (S = Select / A = Adapt / R = Reject / S = Supplement ) B]The teacher sets tasks that allow the learner to discover how the language works in its form, meaning and use. C]The teacher plans lessons so that learners have to think and use their previous knowledge and imagination to prepare for and carry out classroom activities. D]The teacher sets tasks that develop cooperative learning and encourages peer help and readiness to exchange with others.The teacher uses and plans activities that allow learners to practice and develop "real-life communication" skills for reading ,writing ,speaking and listening.

8. Facilitator Teachers support learner learning by taking a primarily facilitative role in the classroom : designing and structuring learning experiences with learner interests and needs in mind;

guiding and monitoring learner learning ; assisting learners in contributing to their own learning in a learner-centered teaching a] The teacher finds out the needs ,interests, language difficulties. B]The teacher selects and introduces activities and materials for language work that meet learner needs . C] The teacher fosters a group feeling (cooperation, respect, enjoyment, trust . D]The teacher organizes learners so that interaction can be facilitated(using space, classroom furniture, time, etc…)so that the teacher is not the focus of the classroom. E] The teacher varies patterns of interaction(e.g. teacher eliciting from class, pair work learners presenting t class, learners mingling)within the lesson to support the objectives of the class and the feeling/energy of the group. F] The teacher ensures that the learners find their involvement sufficiently challenging. G]The teacher teaches learners how to use language strategies to aid in their learning and communication.


In this lesson I will teach the following aspects of language:Function: Writing letter of opinion & Describing processGrammar: Simple Past Tense Vocabulary: Vocabulary related to history and famous personalities Will you explicitly teach an aspect of culture in this lesson ? If so, describe.

- Yes, I will teach some of the historic places and famous people of Algeria


Competencies : Which competencies in the AEF are you working toward or plan for the learners to achieve today? They should be adapted from the AEF to reflect the specifies of you lesson. Can plan for ,use and evaluate the effectiveness of several reading strategies to develop : Reading efficiency and speed Guessing skills. Can listen to and understand unfamiliar instructions and explanations that are: Very short and straightforward accompanied by visuals (e.g; gestures ,writing or drawing modeling, demonstration).Broken down step- by- step .Can plan for ,use and evaluate the effectiveness of several writing strategies to Generate ideas , Create a draft.


r write letter of opinion and describe biography

Required material and / or resources: r The Manual’s script and photos [ 107-110] r Script page 171 -172

[email protected] 18


Welcoming&writing

Describe

Biography

Of

Famous

People

Opinions. Beliefs And point of view

Teacher- Students





Teacher –Students

Warm up: The teacher greets his learners and welcomes them; he tries to make a short review about the last séance and its learning objectives.Pre-reading:Step one: The teacher invites the pupils to look at the photo on page 107, and try to recognize the personality in the photo.Step two: The teacher helps his learners by giving some useful information about Marti Luther King, in order to lead them discuss about the subject.

Born Michael King, Jr. January 15, 1929 Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. Died April 4, 1968 (aged 39)Memphis, Tennessee, U.S. Monuments Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial (planned) Influenced by Jesus, Abraham Lincoln, Mahatma Gandhi, Benjamin Mays, Hosea Williams, Bayard Rustin, Henry David Thoreau, Howard Thurman, Leo Tolstoy Political movement African-American Civil Rights Movement, Peace movement Nobel Peace Prize (1964), Presidential Medal of Freedom (1977, posthumous), Congressional Gold Medal (2004, posthumous) SignatureStep three: The pupils listen to the teacher explaining the instructions of 'Activity1p107' then work with their colleagues.Activity 1p107: Read the notes and cross out the ones, which you don't use in the article about Martin Luther King. Justify your answer.

The irrelevant notes are: 1) married Coretta Scott 2) Baseball fan.The reason for not including this information is that the topic is about Martin Luther King as a political/public

figure not about his hobbies or his private life.Step four: The teacher invites the pupils to read the notes on the activity, give their answers with justification.During –reading:

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oInteract with the teacher and the colleagues about the subjectoIdentify famous peace personalities and list their worksoRead and recognize what is relevant from the irrelevant one oJustify their answers for the choice they've made oRead and check where they've mistaken

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Gold_Medal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_movement

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African-American_Civil_Rights_Movement_(1955%E2%80%931968)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African-American_Civil_Rights_Movement_(1955%E2%80%931968)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Thurman

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayard_Rustin

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosea_Williams

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Mays

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohandas_Karamchand_Gandhi

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohandas_Karamchand_Gandhi

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King,_Jr._National_Memorial

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlanta




Pieces of writing

Biography of famous personalities





Teacher- Students





Teacher –Students

Step five: The teacher explains the instructions of 'activity 2p107', and the new words and expressions such as 'letter of opinion' – man of peace – hero – preached – violence- racists- defense – civil rights – modest – tolerance – self respect – least-bad guys.Step six: The teacher invites the pupils to read the letter while he explains the words and expressions, then asks the pupils to check if the notes they've omitted in the previous activity are whether correct or no.Step seven: The pupils read the letter again on page 107, and try to do 'activity3p108.Activity3p108: Read again the letter and answer the following questions.

In which sentence of the letter does the author state his/her opinion? The author states his opinion in the first sentence of the letter. "Martin Luther King Junior never starred in a Hollywood film, and never killed the "bad guys", but he was my hero."

How does the author organize his/her text? The author organizes his/her text by listing and explaining a series of arguments.

What kind of words does he/she use to organize his /her ideas? He/she uses sequencers:” first, second, third, finally"

Step eight: The teacher requires form the learners to correct the activity, then perform it Step nine: The pupils listen to the teacher explaining the instructions of 'activity4p108'then try to work on their rough copybooks.Activity4p108: Read the text on the previous page and answer the following questions.a. Which word in the text is closest in meaning to the word 'famous'? Famous = well known.

b. Which sentence in the text explains the expression 'man of peace'? 'Man of peace' = He never preached violence against white people who hated the black population in America.c. Which words in the text are opposite in meaning to the following: 'peace –courage – hate '? peace =/= violence courage =/= afraid hate =/= love Step ten : The teacher invites the learners to give back their answers , then they are asked to correct using their pencils on their books .

Page 19

Post –reading:Step eleven: The pupils are invited to pay attention at 'coping section', listen to the teacher explaining each parts of the section {The aim is to show to the learners what to do to understand a difficult word}Step twelve: The learners are invited to listen the teacher explaining the instructions of “Activity5p108” then they are asked to use their pencils and answer on their books.Activity5p108: Read the examples in column B and match them with the strategy which it best illustrates in column A.

Step one: Keeping the same strategy as in “Activity5p108” The teacher asks the pupils to look at 'activity1p109', he explains the instructions, the new words and expressions They are also asked to look at the picture on page 110 and try to interpret it. Then invites them to work on their rough. (pair work) Activity 1p109: Re-write the sentences in column B using the strategies listed in column A to get a short biography about Mahatma Gandhi.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was an Indian nationalist leader .He led the Indian struggle for independence .He was a peace loving man (a pacifist), who strongly believed that non-violent cooperation could free his country from British colonial rule .He organized many hunger strikes and demonstrations to make India independent .India got its independence in 1947.A Hindu nationalist assassinated Mahatma Gandhi (The Great Soul) in 1948.He killed him because he thought that Gandhi had betrayed his people.

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oRead and exploit the text by doing different activities related to comprehension and lexis oIdentify famous personalities, their origin and their works

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oTalk about the British colonialism and compare it with the French one oDiscriminate between the ways to fight the colonial enemy

oUse notes from a chart to produce a written composition

oRespect the

Strategies 1 2 3 4Examples D C B A








Step two: The teacher invites the learners to give back their answers, while he reports the paragraph on the board or asks the pupils to it. Then they are asked to read the whole paragraph.Learning Integration:Step three: The learners are asked to do the same work with the Algerian personality 'Abdel Hamid Ben Badis', he explains the set of instructions, then work in pairs to write a letter of opinion.

Assessing Integration:Though 'Abdel Hamid Ben Badis' I didn't participate in the War of Independence, he was for me the greatest hero of the Algerian Revolution .I hold this opinion for four main reasons. First , he was among the Algerian intellectuals who laid the foundation of the Algerian nation .Second ,he lived and worked for the independence of Algeria .Third , he did a colossal work to teach the Algerians and to reestablish the Algerian personality which was rubbed by the French colonialism. We are right to celebrate Science Day on his birthday, April 16,every year.

Step four: The pupils give back their answers, while the teacher leads them to correct on their books using their pencils.Step five: The pupils read all the written work son the board , then write down on their class. Page 20

Interpret

Produce

given strategies to build a coherent Paragraph

oUse the given texts and letters to form similar paragraphs expressing ones idea and opinions

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Extra tasks on “Used to & relative pronouns”

<Adapted from Oxford Practice Grammar>

Your American friends sent you a letter talking about one of their national symbols, “Martin Luther King Day” and he wants to know about yoursWrite a short letter of opinion about 'Abdel Hamid Ben Badis'Use relative pronouns & time sequencers in your letter.



Exercise 1: A/ Look at this table of people who have changed what they eat or drink. (Use the semi modal- used to- )Name in the past nowAnn Pam meat tap water fish bottled waterTom Mary coffee tinned fruit tea fresh fruitRobert Susan white bread margarine brown bread butter

1- Ann ………………… meat , but now she ……………………2- Tom ……………..now, but ……………………….coffee.3- Robert …………….white bread, but now………brown bread.4- Pam ………….tap water, but now……………bottled water.5- Mary …………….fresh fruit now ,but …………….tinned fruit.6- Susan ………………butter now, but ………………….margarine.B/ Now complete theses questions.1-………………………………..? Yes she did, but now she eats fish.2-(white bread?)………………………Yes she did ,but now she eats brown bread.3-(tinned fruit?)……………………….Yes she did ,but now she east fresh fruit.4-(tap water?)…………………….Yes shed did, but now she drinks bottled water.C/ Now Complete these sentences.1)Ann…………………….fish ,but she does now.2)Susan………………….butter, but she does now.3)Mary eats fresh fruit now, but she……………………………it.4)Pam drinks bottled water now, but she……………………..it.

Exercise 2: Complete the sentences to say what these people used to do and what they do now, as in the example.

1] Andrew/get up/seven o’clock/now/half past seven. ……………………………………………………………………….

2] Dan/play/violin/now/guitar ………………………………………………………………………

3]Anna /be / best friends/Angela/ now/ Cathy………………………………………………………………………

4] Susan/have/dancing lessons/now/riding lessons ………………………………………………………………………

5] I /buy cassettes /now/CDs ………………………………………………………………………

6] John and Jean /live/ London/now/Cardiff ………………………………………………………………………

7] David /drive/Fiesta/ now/Jaguar ………………………………………………………………………

Exercise 3: Ask questions on the underlined words

A: …………………………………………………….? B: In Algeria pupils used to study 6 years at Primary School.

A: …………………………………………………….? B: No ,they did not use to study French at the 3rd level of Primary School.

A: ……………………………………………………..? B: Yes they used to study English at the 4 th level of Primary School, but now they study it at Middle School.

A: ……………………………………………………….? B : No, they did not use to take the Final Primary Exam t the 5 th level , but they used to take it at the 6th level. A: …………………………………………………………? B: Yes pupils used to have meals at the schools’ canteens.

Exercise 4: Complete the sentences using the information in brackets ( ) and “who” or “which”1-( I went to see a doctor.She helped my mother)- I went to see the doctor ……………………………my mother.2-( A dog bit me.It belonged to Mrs Jones)- The dog ……………………………….belonged to Mrs Jones3-(A woman wrote to me.She wanted my advice)-The woman……………………………wanted my advice.4- ( A bus crashed.It was twenty three years old.)-The bus ……………………………was twenty-three years old.5- (Ann talked to a man.He had won a lot of money .)-Ann talked to the man………………………………………….6- (Mary was wearing the red dress.She wears it for parties.)- Mary was wearing the red dress………………………………..7- (He’s an arichitect .He designed the new city library.)-He’s the arichitect …………………………………………………………………

Exercise 5: Complete the sentences using the information in brackets ( ) and “that”1) {Jack made a table .It’s not very strong}

-The table…………………………………………is not very strong.2}{I read about a new computer.I had seen it on TV}-I read about the new computer………………………………..3} [Jane made a cake .Nobody liked it]- Nobody liked the cake…………………………………………….4) [Mary sent me a letter.It was very funny.]- The letter……………………………………..was very funny.5](My sister wrote an article.The newspaper is going to punish it.)-The newspaper is going to publish the article……………………..6)( I met an old lady.She was one hundred and three years old)-The old lady………………………………..was 103 years old.

Exercise 6: Put in “who” or “that” only if necessary.

1)The match ……………….we saw was boring.2) Did I tell you about the people ………………live next door?3)The horse ………….won the race belongs to an Irish woman.4)I love the ice cream………..they sell in that shop.5)The book……………I’m reading is about jazz.6)The woman ………….came to see us was selling magazines.7)We’ll go to a restaurant …………has a children’s menu.8)The factory …………closed last week had been there for seventy years.9)Have you read about the schoolgirl………….started her own business and is now a millionaire?10) Ethel says that the house…………..Tom has just bought has a beautiful garden.

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Reading Used toMy name is Jack. I am 35 years old. I am a teacher. I teach English in

a junior high school. I wasn’t a good student when I was a kid. I used to be late for school all the time. I didn’t use to do my homework and I didn’t use to revise my lessons regularly. My mother used to be angry about that. But I used to get good marks. My teachers used to send for my parents to come to school because I used to be a troublemaker. I used to make noise and fight with students in the classroom. I didn’t use to be a calm and serious student. Another thing to add about my past bad habits is that I didn’t use to eat well. My mother always used to punish me if I didn’t finish my meals. I used to love playing and doing dangerous things than study or food. I used to stain my clothes or sometimes tear them up. My mum used to teach me good manners but I used to do what I like. Really, I used to be a bad boy. That was long time ago. Now I am a different person and I don’t want you to be bad boys like me. Do what your parents and teachers say!!! I- Comprehension: True or false. Justify!!

1- Jack used to go to school on time. ……………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2- Jack didn’t use to get good marks. ……………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3- Jack used to do what his mother said to him. ……………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4- Jack is a bad man now. ……………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

II- Answer the following questions: 1. Why did the teachers use to send for Jack’s parents?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………2. What did Jack’s mother use to teach him?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………3. Why did Jack’s mother use to punish him?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

III- Read the text again & complete the sentences with “used to / didn’t use to”:

1- Jack ……………………………….... do his homework.2- Jack …………………………..…….. be a calm and serious student.3- Jack ……………………..…………… eat well.4- Jack ……………………..…………… study and eat food.5- Jack ……………………..…………… stain his clothes.6- Jack ……………………..…………… fight with students.7- Jack ……………………..…………… finish his meals.8- Jack ……………………..…………… have bad habits.

VI- Write the questions about Jack. Example: What did Jack use to do? He used to make noise.

1- What ............................................................................................?- He used to stain his clothes.

2- Who …………………………………………………………………………………?- He used to fight with students.

3- How ..............................................................................................?- He used to make his mother feel angry.

IV- Write sentences about these people: Used to- I ………….......................................................................................................- I………............................................................................................................- My father........................................................................................................ - My mother......................................................................................................- My Brother.....................................................................................................

Didn’t use to- I ………….......................................................................................................- I………............................................................................................................- My father........................................................................................................ - My mother......................................................................................................- My Brother.....................................................................................................

“Adapted from ESL printable”

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