TITLE: ELECTRICITY´S ATTRACTIONLENGTH: 60̾GRADES: 5-12SUBJECTS: physics, history, anatomy, sociology, language

DESCRIPTION: Discover how electricity and magnetism work and how they are used in amusement parks. We will also study electronics and their role in controlling artificial limbs.

A. Magnetic Earth – Learn about magnetism and the way it works. B. Electric Earth – Explore the science of electricity and its functions.C. Maximum Thrills: Electromagnetism in Action – See electricity and magnetism at

work in amusement park rides. D. Electronics in Action – Observe the multiple uses of electronics, especially in

prosthetic limbs.

CREDITS: María D. de Corona – University professor

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OBJECTIVES: Students will be able to:1. Investigate the uses and functions of magnetism. 2. Study the importance of electromagnetism in our high-tech civilization. 3. Learn about new and exciting amusement park attractions.4. Discover how electronics, besides helping us in our daily lives, hold out new hope to

people who have lost limbs.

MATERIALSMap, pencil, pen, colored pencils, diagrams, poster board, Internet access via computer or tablet.

I. ACTIVATION OF PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE. DISCUSS AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

1. Do you own a magnet? What do you use it for?2. Have you ever used a compass?

II WATCH MINUTES 3 THROUGH 10 OF THE VIDEO AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

1. Why is magnetism so important?

2. What is one of the best-known uses of magnetism?

3. In the video, how did the man discover magnetism?

4. What characteristic did the stone seem to have?

5. Why did the Ancient Greeks think this discovery was magical? .6. When and how did science begin?

7. What is lodestone, or magnetite?

8. Where does the word magnetism come from?

9. What did scientist Petrus Peregrinus discover upon close examination of magnetite?

10. What did this prove?

11. What did English physicist William Gilbert discover when he hammered hot iron?

12. What happens to a magnetized needle floating in water?

13. What did Gilbert deduce from this observation?

14. Where do modern scientists think the Earth’s magnetism comes from?

15. Where does all magnetism originate?

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16. What are the two fundamental parts of an atom?

17. What happens to an electrical charge in motion?

18. What effect do the north and south poles of a magnet have if they are not aligned? 19. What happens to the iron atoms?

20. What are these groups of atoms called?

21. How are the poles aligned in a bar magnet?

22. Who discovered that an electrical current produces a magnetic field?

23. What did English physicist Michael Faraday demonstrate, building on Oersted’s work?

24. What important industrial milestone did this discovery make possible?

25. What other phenomenon did Faraday discover?

26. What experiment did he do to demonstrate the phenomenon?

27. What is the name of the branch of physics that studies electric and magnetic phenomena?

28. How is electromagnetism important for life on Earth?

III. WATCH MINUTES 5 THROUGH 6 OF THE VIDEO. FIND THE 12 WORDS HIDDEN IN THE TABLE AND USE THEM TO COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING PARAGRAPHS.

T R S N S F I E L D ER I H V S B A I I U LD H I W B B V M E N EM Z F O R C E S S B CC A T C O R E N E N TP O S I T I O N S A RO V A A L P D G N C IL S F Y M A S S U O CE O I R T E N G A M AS E S B R U Y U L P LS Z I U G L M B E A IP H Y S I C I S T S CA F O E X I S T A S AM A G N E T I S M J Y

Although human beings have used the Earth’s __________ since the first

__________ was invented, English _________William Gilbert was the first to show that

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the planet itself acts like an enormous _________ thanks to a _______ of iron in its _____.

_________ currents in the Earth’s core generate most of the planet’s magnetic _____.

The Earth’s magnetic_______ are two points on the planet’s surface where its lines

of magnetic ________ originate. The _________ of the magnetic poles are not constant;

they change significantly from year to year. The Earth’s magnetic field tends to ______

west anywhere from 19 to 24 km each year.

IV. WATCH MINUTES 3 THROUGH 10 OF THE VIDEO. MATCH THE STATEMENTS IN THE TWO COLUMNS, WRITING THE LETTER OF THE CORRECT PHRASE NEXT TO EACH NUMBER.

1. ( ) The needle on a ship’s compass… A. are not magnetic.2. ( ) Light travels… B. is a ferrous mineral.3. ( ) Magnetic fields are produced by…. C. produces radio and television

waves.4. ( ) Many animals…… D. to magnetite.5. ( ) The Greeks attributed magical powers…. E. all shapes and sizes.6. ( ) Faraday discovered….. F. orient themselves by Earth’s magnetic field.7. ( ) Magnetite or lodestone… G spins uncontrollably if lightening

strikes the ship.8. ( ) Magnets come in… H. in the form of magnetic waves.9. ( ) Most substances….. I. the phenomenon of induction.10.( ) The interaction of electrical and J. electrical charges in motion. magnetic fields..

.V. ACTIVATION OF PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE. DISCUSS AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

1. What is electric energy used for? 2. What do you do when the electricity goes out at your house?

VI. WATCH MINUTES 11 THROUGH 19 OF THE VIDEO AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

1. Who began the scientific study of electricity?

2. What experiment did he carry out to demonstrate the electric nature of lightening?

3. Did Franklin realize his experiment was extremely dangerous?.

4 What was Franklin’s goal when he designed his famous bell experiment?

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5. What did Franklin call the different types of electrical charges?

6. What electrical charges do an atom’s electrons and nucleus contain?

7. What happens to the electrons in an electrical current?

8. What is an electrical current?

9. How is most of this electrical charge produced?

10. What happens when an atom has too many electrons?

11. What is the unit of measurement for the potential difference between areas with a greater or lesser charge?.

12. What determines the flow of electrons in motion?

13. Which material is a good conductor of electricity?

14. Why does copper offer little resistance to the passage of electricity?

15 What uses are there for materials whose electrons are strongly bonded to their atoms?.

16. What is electromagnetic force?

17. What does our high-tech civilization depend on?

18. Where and how can we observe this forces in action?

19. What causes auroras?

20. What is the first thing that comes to mind when thinking of the dangers of electricity?

21. What is the true danger to human beings?

22. What is the unit used to measure the intensity of an electrical current?

23. How strong is the current that flows through high-voltage power lines?

25. What is the base for electric measurements?

26. How many electrons cross a fixed point on a filament each second that a one-amp bulb is lit?

27. What do you get if you multiply volts by amps?

28. How many watts does an average light bulb use?

29. How many watts are in a kilowatt?

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30. Do our bodies use electricity?

VII. WATCH MINUTES 15 THROUGH 16 OF THE VIDEO. IN THE CODE BELOW, EACH SYMBOL REPRESENTS THREE POSSIBLE LETTERS. DECIPHER THE

WORDS AND USE THEM TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES COMPARING THE FLOW OF WATER THROUGH A HOSE TO THE FLOW OF AN ELECTRICAL CURRENT.

+ A M and V# S C and E= I Y and N* U W and O& T Q and L/ F R and P

1. / = / # ____________2. + * & & + / # ____________3. / & * * ____________4. & * + = & = & = ____________5. # * / / = # = # = & ____________6. * = / * * = & # ____________7. * = / # ____________8. & * = # ____________9. + + / # ____________10. > / # # # * / # ____________

1. The _______ of an electrical current through a ________ is like the flow of water through a _______.

2. In a water gun, water shoots out rapidly under __________.

3. But it is not _________ water to put out a fire.

4. To do so, you need a ______ hose capable of transporting a much larger quantity of water.

5. Water pressure works the way _________ does in electric _________.

6. The _________ of water is like the electrical current measured in ________.

VIII. ACTIVATION OF PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE. DISCUSS AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

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1. What devices in your household work through electricity and magnetism?2. Have you ever ridden one of the rides in an amusement park?

IX. WATCH MINUTES 21 THROUGH 34 OF THE VIDEO AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

1. When were the first rollercoasters built?

2. Which company builds the most innovative and exciting rollercoasters?

3. What speed do riders travel on the more than 1.5-kilometer-long X-Flight?

4. What type of motors lift and drop the cars on the X-Flight?

5. How do riders sit on the X-Flight rollercoaster?

6. What happens when the rollercoaster gets to its highest point?.

7. What view do they get as the ride goes through its curves, spins and corkscrew turns? .

8. What special feature of the ride makes the X Flight unique?. 9. What do most people say when they get off?

10. What is the general feeling produced by the speed and absence of gravity?

11. What powers the Slingshot capsule throughout the entire ride? 12. How many springs are in the ride?

13. Why does the ride go up in the air?

14. How tall are the Slingshot’s towers?

15. What shape is the passenger compartment?

16. How is Slingshot designed? 17. How many metric tons of force pull the cables when the springs are extended? . 18. What type of mechanism is used to anchor the globe before it is launched?

19. What happens when the magnet releases the capsule?

20. What makes the Volcano ride unique?.

21. What innovation did Volcano bring to rollercoasters?

22. What is the Volcano track like?

23. What do some riders ask when they board?

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24. How do the coaster cars get their speed?

25. How do LIMs work?

26. What is a Zero G Roll?

X. WATCH MINUTES 21 THROUGH 34 OF THE VIDEO AND DECIDE IF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ARE TRUE (T) OR FALSE (F).

1. ( ) Volcano was the first ride to use cars suspended from the tracks.2. ( ) The thrill we experience from a rollercoaster’s twists, turns and flips produces adrenaline in our bodies. 3. ( ) The first rollercoasters were powered by hydraulic motors.4. ( ) LIM motors boost acceleration and speed on many rides. 5. ( ) The Slingshot globe is anchored to the ground with springs. 6. ( ) Volcano is the only ride with two barrel rolls.7. ( ) The first mechanical rollercoasters used chain lifts. 8. ( ) Slingshot is like a bungee jump.9. ( ) Electricity and magnetism transformed amusement park rides.10.( ) Riders sit facing front on most rides.

XI. WATCH MINUTES 34 THROUGH 44 OF THE VIDEO AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

1. What combination of sensations does Delirium offer? 2. What is the ride like?

3. How tall is the Drop Zone ride at King’s Island?

4. What is Drop Zone like?.

5. How fast does the wheel fall?

6. What world record does Drop Zone hold?

7. What type of ride is Superman Ultimate Escape? 8. How many seconds does it take Superman to go from zero to 96 kilometers per hour?

9. What type of motor powers the ride?

10. How much electrical energy and voltage are needed for just one ride?.

11. With hundreds of rides per day, how much energy does Superman use every day?.

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12. What made possible the construction of modern rollercoasters, which would have been inconceivable not so long ago?

XII. WATCH MINUTES 42 THROUGH 45 OF THE VIDEO. USE THE WORDS BELOW TO AND COMPLETE THE PARAGRAPH ABOUT THE SUPERMAN RIDE.

forward speed faster spikehalfway magnetic seconds straightride section riders fallprolong facedown thrills spiraltime backward front acceleratesclimb sensation train suspended

You strap into your seat and wait a few ________. Suddenly, the train__________ rapidly and climbs________ up the corkscrew. Reclining backward, you fall at top________, pass through the station and climb_________ up the ________spike.

Next, you _______ forward even _______and _______ the corkscrew again. This time, you make it almost to the end of the __________. The _______ up front experience the __________ that when they reach the end, the ________ will fly off the track.

You fall _________ again, go through the station and climb the straight ________, but this _______ the train hangs___________ at the very end for a few seconds to _______the ________.

After this, you fall ________, go through the station and climb a short ________ of the corkscrew until the super smooth ________ brakes bring the train to a halt inside the station.

Nothing compares to a _______ on Superman Ultimate Escape, especially if you sit in the _______car! XIII. VENN DIAGRAM.

GROUP THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS OF OLD AND MODERN ROLLER-COASTERS IN THE RIGHT CIRCLES, LISTING THOSE THAT ARE COMMON TO BOTH IN THE CIRCLE LABELED “SIMILARITIES.”

Cars must be on tracks Free falls Chain lifts No corkscrews or rolls The train accelerates from a full stop in the station The force of gravity is used for acceleration Hydroelectric motors Cars hang suspended from the tracks Only electric motors Riders feet are always on the floor of the car No inversions

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LIM motors Riders’ feet dangle in the air High speeds The train climbs up to the top of the mountain Inversions, corkscrews and rolls

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Similarities

ModernOld

XIV. WATCH MINUTES 21 THROUGH 47 OF THE VIDEO. USE THE TABLE BELOW TO FIND THE COORDINATES OF THE MISSING LETTERS. WRITE THE COORDINATES IN PARENTHESES UNDERNEATH EACH LETTER. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

A feline: C A T (2,3) (1,5) (3,4)

5 A L G V D 4 K N T P H 3 Q C B W S 2 F U J Y Z 1 I O R E M

1 2 3 4 5

1. ……………………….. and ……………. make today’s fast rollercoasters possible.

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (4,1) (2,3) (3,4) (1,1) (3,4)

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (5,1) (3,5) (2,4) (1,1)

2. Launching the Slingshot …….. is like launching an airplane from an aircraft carrier.

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (3,5) (2,2)

3. The Coney Island theme park was one of the …………….. places to use electricity.

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (1,2) (5,3)

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4. The Drop Zone gyroscope falls more than 80 meters in a single ……………….

D ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (4,1) (2,3) (2,4)

5. ………………….. of Volcano cost $9 million.

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (2,1) (2,4) (3,1) (2,2) (2,3) (2,4)

6. Riders’ …………… hang down off some rides.

____ ____ ____ ____ (2,5)

7. Year after year theme parks inaugurate new ………………..

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (1,1) (5,3)

8. X Flight reaches ………………….of more than 80 kilometers per hour.

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (4,4) (4,1) (5,5)

9. Superman Ultimate Escape us part of the new ……………of rollercoasters.

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____(3,5) (4,1) (3,1) (1,5) (1,1) (2,4)

10. What goes up must come …………..

____ ____ ____ ____ (4,3)

11. LIM motors were developed to launch space ships into ………

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____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (2,1) (3,1) (3,4)

12. Volcano is an example of a ride in which the cars are ………….. from the tracks.

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (5,3) (2,2) (4,4) (2,4) (4,1)

13. Drop Zone riders enjoy a ......................view as the wheel rises up the tower.

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (4,4) (1,5) (3,1) (5,1) (2,3)

14. The use of ..................... pressure has contributed to the development of new rides.

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (4,2) (5,5) (3,1) (2,5) (1,1)

15. Theme park aficionados go in search of ..............

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ (5,4) (2,5) (5,3)

XV. LABEL THE DIAGRAM BELOW WITH THE FOLLOWING WORDS OR STATEMENTS.

magnets electric charge electromagnetismnegative power lines fundamental forcesouth pole (S) static electricity north pole (N)poles positive hydroelectric plantelectric current industries, businesses,

schools, homes, etc.

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XVI. WATCH MINUTES 48 THROUGH 54 OF THE VIDEO AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

1. What is one of the main uses of electronics?

2. What is the term for technology that uses the body’s electrical impulses to operate and control an artificial limb?

3. What alternatives are available today for replacing organs and limbs?

4. What material is used to make the skin of an artificial arm?

5. What movements control the electric motors inside an artificial arm?

6. Why do people with artificial arms have to be careful when squeezing an object?

7. How does Bob Goodman control his myoelectric arm?

8. How did Bob Goodman lose his arm?

9. Why did his doctors say he’d been very lucky?

10. What happens when the brain sends a signal to flex the arm muscle?

11. What does the minicomputer do?

12. What does the patient need to learn?.

13. What would happen if Bob were to send two signals at the same time? 14. What did it take Bob longest to learn to control?

15. How much does a myoelectric arm cost?

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XVII. WORD SEARCH. FIND THE FOLLOWING WORDS:

electricity hydraulic magnet magnetite wavescompass adrenaline nucleus sensor impulsemyoelectric contraction conductor biceps kilowattelectronic amp copper propulsion voltageinduction magnetism atom diversion motor

V O V O L T A G E O S M Y O E L E C T R I C W M CC X K J E W F D V I O C T Q S Z P O M E L U P M IE L E C T R I C I T Y D T W P U Q M J M X R Y J GC D N L P W L U G P O A R A I O N P S M V N U T HA D I V E R S I O N B N G V I P O A I A T U C E YM I H J N E L C L B R O E E N R X S M G C C B R DP G I I G A M A G N E T I S M O I S U N D L E R RE S E N S O R V T C Q S K R N P G W L E I E T E AR P R D A L L A H O U B Z O D U V O W T I U I M UR I O U R A T L A N M A C O A L M M C I S S T O LE L E C T R O N I C A O T Z C S P C R H T E E B IP H E T M G J T M I C A H G K I L O W A T T N I CP M T I M P U L S E T L V I O O C T O C K B G C MO F A O I B L S U O H A D R E N A L I N E I A E DC O D N N O S A L R I O D V U T O N B K D S M P UO V M O T O R A S C O N T R A C T I O N S A H S FT W V I R I D C O N D U C T O R N S C O B A S Q B

XVIII. CURRICULAR CONNECTIONS

ACTIVITY

Physics:

A) Materials: A magnet A bag with an assortment of objects inside, preferably one of each of the

following materials: plastic, paper, wood, iron, steel, copper, aluminum and other metals

Data sheets

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DATA SHEET

OBJECTS PREDICTIONS(Mark with an X)

YES NO

OBSERVATIONS CONCLUSIONS

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.101112.13.14.15.

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B) Procedure: The teacher takes the objects out of the bag one by one. The students jot down the name of each object on the data sheet and predict

whether or not it will be attracted to the magnet. The students should note the criteria they used to classify each object in the

column marked “Observations.” Next, use the magnet to test each object and confirm or reject their

predictions. The students should record their conclusions on the data sheet.

Math:

PROJECT #1 Break into groups of 3 - 4 students. Research different amusement parks around the world, identifying the main

ride at each one and how fast it goes. Using these data and the information in the video about the Slingshot,

Volcano, Drop Zone, X Flight and Superman, The Ultimate Escape, create a bar graph showing the rides’ different speeds.

Present and discuss each group’s findings.

Geography and Art:

PROJECT #2 On a map, mark the places with the amusement parks mentioned in Project

#1. Next to each place name, draw a picture of the featured ride. Present and discuss each group’s map.

XIX. GLOSSARY

1. Adrenaline rushA sudden surge of adrenaline, a stress hormone, in response to intense emotions such as fear, anger or excitement.

2. Amp Unit measuring the intensity of an electrical current equivalent to one coulomb per second.

3. Atom The smallest particle of a chemical element that conserves the properties of the whole. 4. Biceps A pair of muscles with two heads of points of origin, especially those in the upper arms.

5. CompassAn instrument with a magnetized needle that always points north, used to determine direction.

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6. Conductor In physics, a substance that conducts heat and electricity to a greater or lesser degree.

7. Contraction The shortening or tensing of a nerve or muscle.

8. CopperA malleable, reddish-colored metal that is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Its symbol is Cu and its atomic number, 29.

9. Coulomb The electrical charge transported by a constant current of one amp per second.

10. Earth’s coreThe deepest part of the Earth, stretching from 2,900 km down to the planet’s center.

11. ElectricityThe set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and flow of electrical charge.

12. Electromagnetism A branch of physics that studies the interaction of electric and magnetic fields.

13. Electron An elementary subatomic particle with a negative charge.

14. Electronics A branch of physics that studies the emission, behavior and effects of electrons subjected to electric and magnetic fields in mediums such as vacuum tubes, gases and semiconductors.

15. Free fall The motion of a body subjected exclusively to the pull of gravity.

16. Hydraulic Operated by the pressure of water or another liquid.

17. Impulse The force that sets a body in motion or causes it to grow. 18. Induction

The generation of electromotor force in a closed circuit by sending a varying magnetic flux through the circuit.

19. MagnetA metal capable of attracting iron and producing a magnetic field.

20. Magnetic field The force produced by an electrical charge in motion.

21. Magnetism

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The set of physical phenomena by which magnets and induced electrical currents generate forces of attraction and repulsion.

22. Magnetite An iron oxide, very heavy and black, that attracts iron and other metals; a magnet.

23. MagnetizationThe process of making a substance temporarily or permanently magnetic, as by insertion in a magnetic field.

24. Positive and negative charges A substance with more electrons than protons has a negative charge, while one with more protons than electrons has a positive charge

25. PronosupinationThe complex of movements allowing the rotation of part of the forearm compared to another (i.e., elbow, wrist).

26. RollercoasterAn amusement park ride with cars that speed over tracks with sharp curves and steep hills.

27. VoltA unit of electric potential and electromotive force that measures the difference in electric potential between two points in an electric field in transporting a 1-coulomb charge requiring one joule of energy.

28. VoltageThe electric potential difference between two points, or the difference in electric potential energy of a unit charge transported between two points.

29. WattA unit of power that measures the rate of energy conversion or transfer, defined as one joule per second.

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