Vocab termsa. Alleleb. Dominantc. Fertilizationd. Gametee. Heterozygousf. Homozygousg. Meiosish. Recessive

Name _________________________ Date__________ Hour _______ Genetics Punnett Square Practice WS VocabularyMatch the vocab term with the correct definitions

1. ________Male and female sex cells2. ________Different forms of a gene (trait)3. ________Cell division that produces half the number of chromosomes as the parent

number (genetically different)4. ________The process of a male gamete uniting with a female gamete5. ________Gene that is always expressed (observed trait)6. ________Gene that is only expressed in the homozygous state (covered trait)7. ________Genotype made of the same alleles8. ________Genotype made of two different alleles

Circle the choices that are examples of each of the following terms.9. Dominant allele

D e k L N n R S10. Recessive allele

M n d F G r k P11. Homozygous dominant

AA Gg KK mm uu Rr TT bb12. Homozygous recessive

ee Ff HH Oo qq Uu kk RR13. Genotypes in which the dominant gene must show

AA Dd EE ff Jj RR Ss tt14. Genotypes in which the recessive gene must show

aa Gg Ff KK rr Oo qq Tt

Examine the following Punnett Squares. Circle the ones that are correct.

16. F F

f Ff FF

f Ff Ff

15.

D d

d Dd dd

d Dd dd

17. R r

R RR rr

r Rr Rr

18. T t

t Tt tt

t Tt tt

20. h h

H HH Hh

H Hh Hh

19. Q Q

Q QQ Qq

q Qq qq

21. B b

B BB Bb

b Bb bb

22. n n

N Nn Nn

n Nn Nn

Figure 10-2Organism Body Cell

(2n)Gamete

(n)Human 46 23

Garden pea 14 7Fruit fly 8 4Tomato 24 12

Dog 78 39Chimpanzee 48 24Leopard frog 26 13

Corn 20 10

Figure 10-3

Meiosis Review23. ________The numbers in Figure 10-1 represent

the chromosome number found in each of the dog cells shown. The processes that are occurring at A and B are_____.

a. Mitosis and fertilizationb. Meiosis and fertilizationc. Mitosis and pollinationd. Meiosis and pollination

Look at Figure 10-224. What is the diploid number of chromosomes in corn?

________25. What is the haploid number of chromosomes in tomato?

________26. How many chromosomes would you find in a sperm cell of

a leopard frog? ________27. How many chromosomes would you find in a somatic cell

of a chimpanzee? ________

28. ________A cell with a diploid number of 24 undergoes meiosis, how many chromosomes are in each daughter cell?

a. 6b. 12

c. 24d. 4

29. ________Meiosis results in _____

a. 2 haploid daughter cellsb. 4 haploid daughter cells

c. 2 diploid daughter cellsd. 4 diploid daughter cells

30. ________Which of the following cells undergo meiosis?

a. sperm cellsb. liver cells

c. unicellular organismsd. all of these

31. ________Figure 10-3 shows chromosome1 with four different genes present. These genes are represented by the letters F, g, h, and J. Possible homologus chromosomes of chromosome 1 are labeled 2-5. Which of the five chromosomes and the genes they contain are considered homologous with chromosome 1?

a. chromosome 1 & chromosome 3b. chromosome 4 & chromosome 5c. chromosome 5 & chromosome 3

Figure 10-5

d. chromosome 2 & chromosome 5

32. ________Crossing over results in a __________. (Figure 10-4)a. Female genotypeb. Male genotype

c. Genetic variationd. Phenotype replication

33. ________What name is given to the process shown in Figure 10-5?

a. Fertilizationb. Zygote

c. Meiosisd. Gametes

34. ________What name is given to the cells shown in the diagram?a. Fertilizationb. Zygote

c. Meiosisd. Gametes

35. ________If each of the cells shown in the diagram has 16 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would you expect to find in a skin cell of the resulting organism?

a. 16b. 64

c. 32d. 8

Monohybrid Cross

36. _________What conclusion can be drawn from the information above?a. Jamie’s parents are both homozygous for the dominant trait.b. Jamie’s parents are both homozygous for the recessive trait.c. Jamie’s parents are both heterozygous.d. Jamie’s grandparents all have free earlobes.

37. _________Based on the above information, what is Jamie’s genotype?a. Eeb. EE

c. eed. Free earlobes

38. ________In humans, long eyelashes are dominant to short eyelashes. Two parents are heterozygous for this trait. What is the probability that an offspring of these parents will have short eyelashes, and in which unit should the length of the eyelashes be measured?

a. 25%, grams b. 50%, meters

Figure 10-4

Jamie has free earlobes (e) which is a recessive trait in humans. Her parents both have attached earlobes (E).

c. 25%, millimeters d. 50%, microgram

39. Would the new puppy have a spotted coat? ________40. What would the puppy’s hair texture be? __________41. Would the puppy have curly or straight hair? __________42. Would the puppy be a hybrid or purebred for hair

length? _________

43. ________A poodle homozygous dominant for black fur is mated with a homozygous for white fur color. In a litter of 8 offspring, there would probably be? (show your work)

a. 8 black poodlesb. 4 black and 4 white poodles

c. 2 black, 4 gray and 2 white poodlesd. 8 white poodles

In humans, having freckles (F) is dominant to not having freckles (f). The inheritance of these traits can be studied using a Punnett square similar to the one shown below.

44. ________The parents shown in the Punnett square in Figure 10-6 (Ff x Ff) would most likely have children with a genotype of –

a. 1 FF : 2 Ff : 1 ffb. 4 Ff : 0 ff

Figure 10-7

Figure 10-8

c. 3 FF : 1 ff d. 2 FF : 2 Ff

More Monohybrid CrossA student wanted to find out whether tall stem height or dwarf stem height was dominant in pea plants. She crossed a tall pure-breeding pea plant with a dwarf pure-breeding pea plant. She collected 100 seeds from this cross and planted them in rich garden soil. All of the seeds grew into tall pea plants.

1. ________How should the student interpret the results of her experiment? a. Pure-breeding plants always grow into tall plants.b. Seeds grown in rich soil always grow into tall plants. c. Dwarf stem height is dominant to tall stem height in pea plants. d. Tall stem height is dominant to dwarf stem height in pea plants

In a species of wildflower, some plants produce pink flowers while other plants produce white flowers. In a cross between two pink wildflowers, 77% of the offspring produced pink flowers and 23% produced white flowers.

2. ________If two wildflower plants with white flowers were crossed, what percentage of their offspring would most likely produce pink flowers?

a. 0%b. 25%

c. 50%d. 75%

3. ________Which information and which tools would be the most appropriate for determining whether the alleles of a mouse affect its running speed?

a. the genotype of the mouse, a wall clock, and a microscope b. the phenotype of the mouse, a microscope, and a stopwatchc. the phenotype of the mouse, a metric ruler, and a wall clock d. the genotype of the mouse, a stopwatch, and a metric ruler

4. ________What genotypes would the offspring have for flower and pod traits? (Figure 10-7)

a. AAIIb. AAIic. aAiid. AaII

5. ________What type of flowers would the offspring result from the parents in Figure 10-7?

a. Axialb. Whitec. Terminald. Purple

Use Figure 10-8 to answer the following questions6. ________Which of the following is true?

a. Individual 1 is heterozygousb. Individuals 2 & 3 are homozygous

c. Individual 4 is recessived. All individuals will be male

7. ________If T is the allele for tall and t is the allele for short, which individual(s) would be tall?

a. 2, 3 & 4b. 2 & 3

c. 3 & 4d. 1, 2 & 3

Incomplete & Co-Dominance

In some chickens, the gene for feather color is controlled by codiminance. The allele for black is B and the allele for white is W. The heterozygous phenotype is known as erminette.

8. What is the genotype for black chickens? __________ 9. What is the genotype for white chickens? __________ 10. What is the genotype for erminette chickens? __________

If two erminette chickens were crossed, what is the probability that11. They would have a black chick? ___________%12. They would have a white chick? __________%13. They would have a erminette chick? ___________%

In cattle, red and white blend to produce a combination color called roan. A breeder of shorthorn cattle has cows which are white and a bull which is roan.

What percentage of the calves produced in his herd will be

14. white? ___________ % 15. red? _______________% 16. roan? ______________%

In snapdragons, flower color is controlled by incomplete dominance. The two alleles are red (R) and white (W). The heterozygous genotype is expressed as pink.

A pink-flowered plant is crossed with a white-flowered plant. What is the probability of producing a:

17. pink-flowered plant? __________%

Pedigrees18. ________The pedigree represents a family

with an autosomal dominant disease (D).

From which pair of parents in generation II could the genotype probability of the offspring be 50% DD and 50% Dd?

a. 1, 2 b. 3, 4 c. 5, 6 d. 7, 8

19. What type of trait is being observed? (autosomal/x-linked – dominant/recessive)

20. What is the probability that individuals 5 & 6 will have a child with the observed trait? ______________%

21. What is the genotype of individual 1? ___________________22. ________A pedigree for an inherited physical trait is shown.

Based on the pedigree, what is the probability that individual 6 in generation III will display the physical trait?

a. 25% b. 50% c. 75% d. 100%

23. What type of trait is Huntington’s Disease? (autosomal/x-linked – dominant/recessive)24. What is the probability that II-1 & II-2 will have a child with the observed trait? ______________%25. What is the genotype of individual III-5? ___________________

X-linked Genes26. ________A woman carries only one allele for a recessive sex-linked genetic disease. A man does not

have the recessive allele for that genetic disease. Which of these is true of their children?

a. All of their sons will have the disease. b. All of their children will have the disease. c. None of their children will have the disease. d. None of their daughters will have the disease.

Human Sex Linkage: In humans, hemophilia is a sex linked trait. Females can be normal, carriers, or have the disease. Males will either have the disease or not (but they won’t ever be carriers)

X H X H = female, normal X H Y = male, normal

Use the letters H and h for the genotypes

X H X h = female, carrierX h X h = female, hemophiliac X h Y= male, hemophiliac

27. A woman who is a carrier marries a normal man. What is the probability that their children will have hemophilia? __________%

28. What sex will a child in the family with hemophilia be? _____________

29. A woman who has hemophilia marries a normal man. How many of their children will have hemophilia? _____________%

30. And what is their sex? ____________

Calico Cat Genetics: In cats, the gene for calico (multicolored) cats is codominant. Females that receive a B and an R gene have black and oRange splotches on white coats. Males can only be black or orange, but never calico.Here’s what a calico female’s genotype would look like: X B X R

A female calico cat is crossed with a black male.31. What percentage of the kittens will be black and male? ________%32. What percentage of the kittens will be calico and male? ________%33. What percentage of the kittens will be calico and female? ________%

A female black cat is crossed with a orange male.34. What percentage of the kittens will be calico and female? ________%35. What color will all the male cats be? _________

Fruit Fly Genetics: In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red (R)is dominant to white(r).Show a cross between a pure red eyed female and a white eyed male.How many are:

36. White eyed, male ________%37. White eyed, female ________%38. Red eyed, male ________%39. Red eyed, female ________%

Show the cross of a red eyed female (heterozygous) and a red eyed male.How many are:

40. White eyed, male ________%41. White eyed, female ________%42. Red eyed, male ________%43. Red eyed, female ________%

Blood Typing44. What is the probability that a man and woman both with type B blood can produce a child with blood

type O? _____________%45. A man with type AB blood is married to a woman with type O blood. They have 2 natural children,

and 1 adopted child. The children's blood types are: A, B, and O. Which child was adopted? ________46. Mom has type O blood. Dad has type A blood (unknown genotype). They have 6 children, 3 of them

have type A blood, three of them have type O blood. What is the genotype of the two parents? Mom _________ Dad _________

47. ________In determining the phenotype for the ABO blood system

a. O is dominant over Ab. B is dominant over A

c. O is recessived. All of the above

48. ________While blood typing, the sample is mixed with anti-A serum and anti-B serum. There is no agglutination (clumping). You could conclude that--.

a. The sample is type Ab. The sample is type Oc. The sample is type ABd. The sample is type B