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Electric charge

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QuestionsQ1.The photograph shows a worker fuelling an aircraft.

Fuelling an electrically-charged aircraft can be dangerous.The worker connects a safety wire to the aircraft before adding the fuel.

(a) Explain how an aircraft can become electrically charged while it is flying.(2)

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..............................................................................................................................................(b) Describe a possible danger of fuelling an electrically-charged aircraft.

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(c) What electrical connection is made by the safety wire?(1)

..............................................................................................................................................(d) Explain how connecting the safety wire reduces the possible dangers when fuellingan electrically-charged aircraft.

(2) .............................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. (Total for question = 6 marks)Q2.This question is about static electricity.

(a) Which of these materials is an electrical conductor? (1)

A paper

B plastic

C silver

D wood

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(b) A forensic scientist uses an electrostatic dust print lifter (EDPL) to take impressions of footprints.The diagram shows a simplified EDPL and a description of how it works.

Use the idea of charge movement to explain how the lifting sheet becomes negatively charged and the metal plate becomes positively charged.

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..............................................................................................................................................(c) The photograph shows a typical dust print on a lifting sheet.

Suggest why dust particles are lifted off the floor on to the lifting sheet.(2)

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(d) This photograph shows a charged polythene rod placed next to a stream of water flowing from a tap.

Suggest why the water is deflected.(2)

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Q3.The passage is about static electricity.

Use words from the box to complete the passage.

Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

(4)

A student combs her hair with a plastic comb. Her hair and the comb become charged.

This happens because of the ............................................................................................. between her hair

and the comb. The comb becomes positively charged so her hair becomes................................................

charged.The student's hair sticks out because like charges ..........................................

When the student moves the comb through her hair, she can hear a crackling sound.This is caused by

............................................................................................. transferring from the comb to her hair.

(Total for question = 4 marks)Q4.In 1901, Marconi received the first radio signal across the Atlantic Ocean.

The signal was the letter S in Morse code (three 'dots') sent over and over again.

Each letter S was produced by quickly turning an electric spark on and off three times.

Other people do not think Marconi received a radio signal across the Atlantic Ocean at all.They think the radio waves he received were really caused by electrostatic dischargesfrom storm clouds.

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Explain what happens when a storm cloud discharges.(3)

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..............................................................................................................................................(Total for question = 11 marks)

Q5.This question is about electric charge.

(a) When a balloon is rubbed with a cloth, the balloon becomes negatively charged.Tick ( ) the two correct statements in the table.

(2)

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(b) When petrol passes through a delivery pipe, electrostatic charge can build up as shown in the diagram.

(i) Give a reason why a build-up of charge can be dangerous.(1)

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(ii) State how the build-up of electrostatic charge can be prevented.(1)

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(c) The diagram shows coffee granules passing through a funnel into a container.

As the granules pass through the funnel, they gain an electrostatic charge and spread out as they fall.

Explain, in terms of charges, why the granules spread out.(2)

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(Total for question = 6 marks)

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Q6. A student holds a roll of sticky tape and pulls the end down as shown in the diagram.

This causes both the roll and the end of the tape to become electrically charged by friction.

(a) Explain how an object becomes charged by friction.

(3)

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(b) The student lets go of the end of the tape and the charges cause it to move towards the roll.

Explain why the end of the tape moves back towards the roll.(2)

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Q7.This question is about electrostatic charges.

(a) Complete the sentences using words from the box.Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all.

(2)

When a plastic rod is rubbed with a cloth, the plastic rod gains ...........................After the plastic rod has been rubbed with the cloth, the plastic rod has a ..............................................charge.

(b) Electrostatic charges can be useful during paint spraying.

(i) The droplets of paint are given the same charge as they leave the sprayer.Explain why this is an advantage.

(2) .............................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................................

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..............................................................................................................................................(ii) The droplets of paint are positively charged.The object being painted is given a negative charge.

Explain why this is an advantage.(2)

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..............................................................................................................................................(c) Give one hazard caused by electrostatic charges and state how the risk from this hazard can be reduced.

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(Total for question = 8 marks)Q8.A man pushes a metal trolley along a corridor towards a lift. The trolley has nylon wheels and the floor of the corridor is covered with plastic. The man wears shoes with rubber soles.

As he moves the trolley, the man gains an electric charge.

(a) Explain how the man gains an electric charge.

(2)

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(b) The man presses a metal button to operate the lift. There is a spark and the man receives an electric shock. The spark lasts for 75ms and 0.0017C of charge passes. (i) State the equation linking charge, current and time.

(1)

(ii) Calculate the average current in the spark.Give the unit.(3)

current = .............................. unit ..............................

(c) Metal appliances, such as the lift button, are earthed for safety.

Explain why the man receives a shock even though the button is properly earthed.(3)

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Q9.When a plastic rod is rubbed with a cloth, the rod gains charge.

(a)How could you show that the plastic rod gains charge?(1)

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(b) Explain how the plastic rod gains charge when it is rubbed.

(2)

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(c) There are two types of charge.

Describe how you could demonstrate this using different insulating rods and a cloth.In your answer, you should name any other equipment you would use.

(3)

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(Total for question = 6 marks)Q10.The photograph shows a fuel delivery at a petrol station.

(a) Explain how a fuel tanker can become electrically charged while it is moving.

(2)

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(b) Pumping fuel from an electrically-charged tanker can be dangerous.

(i) Describe a possible danger of pumping fuel from an electrically-charged tanker.(1)

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(ii) The driver connects an earth wire to the fuel tanker before pumping fuel.Explain how connecting the earth wire reduces the possible dangers.

(2)

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Q11.A car becomes electrically charged as it travels along a road.

(a) (i) Explain how a moving car becomes electrically charged.

(2)

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(ii) Why does this charge remain on the car after it has stopped moving?(1)

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(b) Some people prefer to prevent their car from becoming charged.They do this by fixing a metal strap underneath the car.

The metal strap rubs on the ground as the car moves.

(i) Suggest why it is safer to have no electrical charge on a car.(1)

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(ii) Explain how the metal strap prevents a car from becoming charged.(2)

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Q13.A girl slides from point A to point B on a plastic slide.

(a) State the main type of energy lost as the girl travels from A to B.

(1)

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(b) As the girl slides down, she becomes charged and her hair stands on end.

(i) The passage explains how the girl becomes charged.Use words from the box to complete the passage.Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

(3)

The girl becomes charged because of ....................................................between the slide and her clothes.

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As the girl travels down the slide, the slide loses ...................................................................... .

When the girl reaches point B, the slide has a ...................................................................... charge.

(ii) Explain why the girl's hair stands on end.(2)

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................................................................................................................................................................... (c) The girl grabs hold of a metal post and her hair falls back down.Explain why her hair falls back down.

(3)

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JUNE 2018 2PR

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Jan 2018 P2 1H(a) The diagram represents an atom. The atom is neutral.

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(c) The metal sphere is charged using a rubber belt. The belt is turned by a d.c. electric motor.

There is a current of 0.50 A in the motor for 3 minutes. Calculate the charge passing through the motor in this time. (3)

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JAN 2018 P2 1FWhen a battery is connected to a lamp, charge flows through the connecting wires in the circuit. Complete the sentence by putting a cross (X) in the box next to your answer. (1) In the connecting wires

b) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are two common types of plastic that can be recycled from household waste. They need to be separated in the recycling plant. The waste plastics are crushed into small chips and tumbled together. The PET chips become positively charged. The PVC chips become negatively charged. (i) Explain how the PET chips become positively charged and the PVC chips become negatively charged.(2)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………ii) The mixture is dropped onto a rotating drum.The mixture sticks to the outside of the drum.

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(iii) The PET chips are carried round until they reach the scraper.They fall into the collecting bin on the left. Both of the bins and the scraper are connected to earth. Suggest why the bins and scraper are connected to earth. (1)

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...........................................................................................................................................................................JUNE 2017 P2 1H

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(iii) Explain how friction between the cloth and the rod gives the rod a positive charge. (2)

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...........................................................................................................................................................................JUNE 2017 P2 1F

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