RI MS HD/13/C Transcription (AL + SR)

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1An unshaped mass of living sentimentMy feelings were the feelings thatthe voiceof nature gives to man. –And in my peaceful bosom wasthe love of nature mingledwith the love of man. –And with no sophistry no damnedliesconvert unto the purpose of hissoul – The eternal thoughts ofnature.[Horizontal rule]To me no shaping intellect had givenThe everlasting laws which her sonsThe many days of pleasure yoursAs often in the shapings of his mindThe renovated thoughts of former daysAwoke the pleasant feelings, and He sawBright & obscure as in the feverish dreamsof future greatness all the mighty pastThe dweller in the stately palacesThe son of regal pomp. And then He turnedTo his poor kindred. Smitten by the handThe iron hand of <ancient> power the labourers of the nile

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And in the breeze that swept the dryand parched desartHeard.

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3Romance on the establisment– of Religion –– Scene – China –Time before the deluge. –[Horizontal rule]Achmet the son of Abdallais born in the beautifulvally of Ur is taught philosophyby his Uncle Agnactae –He falls in love withUgbec the daughter ofone of the a anticreationistsIlla who is attempting actuatedby ambition to impose anew religion upon – the Urrites, –their midnight conferencesin the vally – Report ofa visible deity beleivedat first by Achmet. Hisfall down the ch cataract[Horizontal rule]

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On breathing theNitrous Oxide

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5Shall I renounce the countenanceliving in <the> beauty of expressionshall I give up the articulatelysounding voice whose gentle soundhas so often lull’d me torepose to worship the dry& unmeaning word benevolenceno let me live a son a[?xx] brother & a lover, letme die a father ahusband a friend &a father.On breathing the Nitrous OxideNot in the ideal dreams of wilddesireHave I beheld a rapture wakeningformMy bosom burns with no unhallowedfireYet is my cheek with rosyblushes warm.Yet are my eyes with sparklinglustre filledYet is my murmuring mouthimplete with <murmuring> dying <murmuring> sound

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Yet are my limbs with inwardtransports thrilldAnd clad with new bornmightiness around –

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7The life of the SpinosistThe insensate dust is seen to tThe dust insensate rises into life. –The liquid dew is lovely in theflowerThe liquid dew becomes the rosyflowerThe o The SpinosistLo oër the earth the kindlingspirits pourThe spark <seeds> of life that mighty <bounteous>nature gives. –The liquid dew becomes therosy flowerThe sordid dust awakes &moves & lives. –All, All is change, the renovated formsOf ancient things arise & live again.The light of suns the angry breath of stormsThe everlasting motions of the mainAre but the engines of that powerfulwill. –The eternal link of thoughts, where firmresolvesHave ever acted & are acting still. –Whilst age round age & world roundworld revolves. –

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2 Linked to the whole the human minddisplays1 No sameness & no <deep> identity divine4 & Changful as is the surface of theseas3 Impressible as is the blue [ms obscured] moving skyTo scattered thoughts some unknown lawsare givenBy which they join & move incircling life. –Being of aggregate the power ofthe love.Gives it the life <the> joy of moments, bids it rise –In the wild forms of Mortal thingsto moveFixd to the earth below theeternal skies. –The To breath <the> ether; & to feel theforms

Of orbed beauty through its organsthrillTo press the limbs of life withrapture warmAnd drink of transport froma living rill. –

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9To view the heavens with solar <morning>radiance white brightMajestic mingling with <the> stillblue sea ocean blue. –filled by the a thousand silverstreams& played upon by ten thousandcloudless breezesTo view the meadows <forests> greenthe mountains whiteThe peopled plains of rich& varyied hue. –To feel the social flame to giveTen thousand signs of kindling <burning> energy,The nothingness of human words to scan.The nothingness of human scenes <things> tofly. –To live in forests mingled withthe wholeOf natures forms to die beneatupon feel the breezes playOer the parched forehead <brow>. to seethe planets roll.

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oer their grey head their lifediffusing rayTo die in agony & In many daysTo give to Nature all herstolen powersEtherial fire to feed the solarraysEtherial dew to feed theearth in showers.[Horizontal rule]

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11As the blue flower [?xxxxx] neglectedin the mountain beat by everybreeze. yet it feels the sunshine.the mountain torrent. –When the wild tempest roars &Though no delight beams in the eyeOr vibrates in the earWhen the wind roars & the agitated heavenDark with <in> the thunder cloud mingles with earth

Her children dewsIn big & trembling drops[Horizontal rule]Though terror fills though no delightThe thrilling <fevered> bosom of humanityThough no delight beams in the eyeWhen the wind roars & the agitated heavenDark in the thunder cloudYet is the heart warm withlove [?xx] a hopeWhen the long parched earthDrinks in the dews <rain>, when the brownplant lifts upIts head unblossomed to the lifefulair moistened air

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pregnant with lifeAnd turns its rootsTo the vivifying dewsstrikenpregnant with [?xxxxxx] lifeAnd vivifying power –3Though on the blue & lowly flower.Nursed by the dews of springUpon the wild & life deserted heathThe blasts of ocean blow, the electric fireslights terribleYet does it <[?x]> <sometimes> feel the pleasant rayOf clouded morning sunsAnd the glad <soft> palms of morning mountainWafted by breezes warmthful as the lightOf summer [?xxxx] days. –5Though on the peaches orbed formAnd sweet empurpled juiceThe vegetable despot armed in mailHard & of many colors, feeds unawedInsatiate6Yet through the wound made byhis tooth

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13The seed of future life[Heavy deletion with an insertion, also deleted]Of wondrous generations yet unbornDrops in the nurturing bosom of theearthTeaming with love.2Though the wide first chilling wintryblastTears from their stately seatThe beauteous blossoms of the lofty flowerLast of its lovely race & nips its leaves

And wounds it bark.so beautiful3Yet does it leave a root thatsleepsAwhile in solitudeAnd darkness to arise more wonderfulKissed by the breathTo shake its giant <buds> – leaves amidstOf early spring. –Though through the bosom oft the thrillThough through the <human> breast of that panghigh beingOf burning anguish <sometimes> thrillsAnd though sometimes impressible to pain

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Mortality in dim & anxious <verges in dimming> fearsOn unexistence unknown death.Yet after misery, does the joysOf come summers to the [?xxxx] soulOf fair existence riseMore vivid in the mind, more wonderfulArise The unearthly <lovely> dreams of hopeImplete with life…[Horizontal rule]Wherever Matter dwells with powerOr moving force induedThere there is life & modifyingThere is the changeful <living influence> aggregate of lifeperceived there in a constantsettled & <settled &> eternal round.Alternate act. –pleasure & [ms obscured] & hope & fearMildly they form a whole.They modify each other & they giveBirth to that the wondrous universe in whichproud man unseenIs but an acting atomYet their mingled influenceIs to him sweet & Joyous giving loveOf <human> being. Not mere dissonant

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15with the whole tenor of his variedthoughts –is the wild action of thefury painThe harsh agency. – Of awful pain. –Amidst the [?xxxy] remembered trainsOf new & varying thoughtsLives as unfelt as that harsh mountain breeze. –blowing upon a wandererscheek, whose eye –

Feasts on the immensity of Natures works Where Nature is sublime& beautiful. –[Horizontal rule]

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MiriamBut now the wind a sandy burden bears[Pencil sketch of a face in profile][Ink sketch of a head in profile]

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17– Moses –Book IThe ?xThe sun had scattered from the midst of heavenOver the desart skirts his parching lightBeneath the green plant now the patient sheepwhose shading leavesWaved to the mountain breeze,the thirsty sheeploud & shrilling rousedReposed & watchful as the day flees rousedApproached of the brown [?dxxxxx], hidWas heard hid their warm nostrilsbeneath thesoiltheir parched lipsThe mossy soilbeneath the mossy soil. –– Book 1st –Zipporah & the six other daughters of Jetho prestof Midian in watering their fathers flock areinsulted by some Shepherds. Moses protectsthem & assists them in watering theirflocks they take him to their fathershouse – description of Pastoral scenery –Of the patriarchal manners Jethro aMan of Energy receives Moses withaffection –2Moses relates His History of his

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The poet had prepared & in the coachFit for the journey laid two pondrousbooksYcleped folios These contained indeedHis darling poem that greathistoryOf Alfred best of Kings from outwhose loinsCame George the third He who ismarried toOur good Queen Charlotte. This being

doneHe spake unto his fellowTraveller & said. –Thou knowst the way. Hisfellow man repliedI know the way. Then on thePoets faceplayed a soft smile: softas when leaves of treeslook in a brook. & tothe whistling wind that oerthem sweepsMakes mildest melody. –

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19the great festival of the God ofnature customs of the michanitesMoonlight scene & reflections ofJethro on the system of theUniverse –History of Moses. His earliestimpressions connected with pharoahDaughter: His Knowledge of hisfamily. &c. –3 Growing love of Moses & ZipporahMoses agrees to stay with Jethrotheir happy pastoral life. –Moses in wandering in the desartfalls down the cataract meetswith Miraim, she tells him ofa light of glory surrounding hisbody beleives himself underthe immediate inspiration ofthe deity, His dreams. Theoryof Jethro. – He resolves toreturn to Egypt. –4. Opens with his speech to pharaoh

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Meets Aaron sees his mothersecret confid conference atthe pyramids. Goes & speaksto Pharoah who was thecompanion of his youthJacobinical sentiments Pharoahcalls the magicians (referenceto these in 2d): visitsPharoahs daughter she supplicateshim – the plagues –lamentation for the deathof the first born –5. March through thedesart Moses miraculous appearanceof the son of God destructionof Pharoah & his armyMoses’s song

Amalek [?xxxxx]6 Meeting of Jethro hiscounsels . .

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21institution of laws. Battlewith the horebites communionwith God on MountSinai. – end. –Mosaic acct of creation– Moses – A great but enthusiastic man– Zipporah – His superior in reasoningpowers & in sensibilityPharoah A despot. –– Jethro – a Wonder a philosophic priest Joshua – A Hero. ie a murdererHur –Miriam the prophetess thesister in law of Aaron –A wonderful woman. –– Amalek.miriam –Amalek conquered & Moses’s song

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23Observations on Cornwal

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She led the way the maiden light of footFrom the burning light of heaven sequesteredThey passed through palm grovesfrom the burning lightOf Heaven sequestered where the morningdewsStill spread their lustre oer the mossysoil –They passed through meadowsmoistened <watered> where a <by a> [?yellow] streamOn whose cool <swift> waters cooled bymountain snows.The sultry breezes of the desartgained[?At] a [?xxx] <cheering> freshness. Dark withina groveWhere the red flowrets of the aloe [?xxxxx]Their [?xxxx]This is my fathers cottage cried themaidStrangers are welcome hereThe old Man had retired in pleasant sleepHis eyes were closed beside him

on the couch lay a youngAntelope.See our defender cried the sweet voicedmaid

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25The dark browd sons of Amalek hadseizedThe fountain of our fathers parchedwith thirstThe harmless children of the dewyearthNo more had tasted of theirmothers foodSave for that strangers mightyvoice & mightier [?arm] appalledBut <[from]> often in the heavens my wondringeyeHas seen the white cloud vanish into formsOf strange unearthly lineamentsAnd often in the midnightspeaceful calm have I beenbeen wakened by strange unearthlyTonesAnd often in the hour ofsacrifice felt strange idealpresences. My son I seethy eye is turned mostdoubtingly upon my countenanceIn youth [?x] the enthusiastic mindor sees in all realities a dim &

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visionary world or hardly in theplenitude doubt sees nothingbut what impresses his senses[Horizontal rule]What are the splendid visions & the thoughthopesOf future days but renovated thoughtsAnd ancient feelings wakened into lifeBy some new accident and modifiedand tinged with huesBright in the glow of passion Omy Father.In vain the aspiring spirit strives to pierceThe veil of nature dark in myteryIn vain it strives proud in <the> movingforce.Of hopes & fears to gain almightypowerTo form new worlds of intellualagentsTo form created intellectual worldsIts inborn images have all the stamps[marks]Of outward things of sense. The priests

highgodThe Demon of the Coward[?We] then form.

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27The angel form that to the tearweteye.Of some devotion smitten maidappearsAre clad in all the attributesOf Man. –Distorted by the wild <changeful chang influence> & erring [?pow][Horizontal rule]The Father of the thunder He who dwellsIn the blue heavens upon his throneOf lightOf sunbeams –The demon of the Coward & the form[Horizontal rule]Of passions dreaminess. –[Horizontal rule]Thy Voice is energy my son. [Thy] wordsAre the high tones of confidence. InyouthThe mind vivid in sentiment in dreamsidealThy words are the high tones ofconfidence. –The [?xxx]

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Such was the nature of her mind thatwhilst she tore up the scabious the thistle& the groundsel, the ivy she sparedthe violet & the daisy. She wassometimes scolded for not weedingclean; but her smile the present ofthe nosegay of weeds in which theselected the sweetest of the wildinhabitants of the fields soon madeher peace. She was respected &loved. –Her visits to Aunt Margery nowbecame more frequent. She read withthe old woman. She read withAunt Margery the history of IsaacJenkins & the story of simpleSusan & hymns for children& some of books of the cheaprepository[Horizontal rule]Our opinions are much oftener formedby our feelings & modified by themthan our feelings by our opinionsarguments in general an instanceof this passion or uneasy feeling

produces assents or dissents of differentKinds –no [?sneering] –

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29Marrish in health had born his misfortuneswith fortitude; but pain had unnervedhis mind & his last hopes sunkbeneath the accumulated weight ofdisease & misery. –His cough increased the pain inhis chest became more acute, Hewas either chilled or burnt bythe paroxysms of an acute disease.The successions of hopes & fears whichoccupy common minds in the last stageof consumption had no place in his.His character <was> blasted his life <was> forfeitedto the laws there was no hopeon earth. The world presented noresting place on which his weariedspirit might repose. – The ideas ofhis wife & child sometimes fora few moments occupied hismind & the golden dreams offormer days awoke there acutemisery more intense recollectionsof the present moment. –

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Mr D had visited early in themorning Her fever had increased diminishedduring the night [?x] a speciesof delirium which indicated apleasurable state of mind areaction of the soul succeededto it. Her eyes were closedher cheek was pale hermurmuring lips were constantlyarticulating with smilesMr D. cautiously entered the roomone of her hands hung carelesslyout of the bed. in softlygrasping it feel thepulse Susan awoke. –She first fixed her eyes onthe sun which shone througha white cloud full into thewindow of her appartment.She then turned them animatedwith a celestial fire on

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31Mr D. , We are in heavenshe cried, Eternally blessed

spirit, we are soaringthro the feilds of celestialglory. the darkness of thegrave the pains ofdeath we shall rememberno more. –Quere? does not the blood incirculating through the brain &nerves supply (the ultimate atomsto the mind which constituteideas –[Horizontal rule]

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1. Invocation (description & definition of Genius / its origin / description of theinfant organised so as to be capable of genius how its sensibilitiesmust be nourished so as to produce sublime emotion. –

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33Thus whilst above theThus seated on the mountains hoarybrowThe Traveller views the glorious scenesbelow.[?Where] in the west the tints of eveningdieAnd the last purple <sunbeam> trembles in the skyTowards the sThro circling Hills its lucid currentranA friend to Nature & a freindto man. –[Horizontal rule]Yours is the harp of ages & thevoiceThat sounds through time the voiceto naturedearThat rises from the harmony ofthought & sentiment & life.To you I sing. –[?More] gently as O ye whoselofty hands embody life in natureYe who feel In the greenwood the meadow & the streamThe secret ties of love & Harmony

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Making Man one with Nature[Horizontal rule]To him has Genesis given the <awful> powerof Harmony <sacred>. To whom the woods & streamsAnd the white mountains & the azure

skyAre full of life & harmony. To himWhose eye is wet with tears of joyWhen nature beams with joy & happinessWhose smiles responsive the smiles of manAre every where the harbingers of LoveAnd consolation. –[Horizontal rule]The autumn seemed tomingle with the spring so mildis the weather. –

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35Peter Murray from June to Novrwent [?xxx] upon the [?rein/?sein] He wassometimes absent from his housefor [?xxx] two or three days together.During his absence Mary oftenhad those anxieties so commonto children she had heard [?enough]the & which are generally producedby the recollection of painsexperienced during the absenceof [?xxx] friends. The uneasinessof her mother & often herpeevishness at those timesincreased her disagreablefeelings. She often ascended thethe hill to look out for herfathers boat. sometimes herstraining eyes aided by her vividimagination would recognise hisit in the grey clouds. Whatjoy did she feel in themorning when she saw itentering the cave & whatgreater joy when she saw itladen with fish

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She ran along the side ofbrook to the bottom ofthe hill she stretched outher little hands & sentthe silver sounds of her voiceover the wave to meethim –They lived in peace Maryhad attained her tenth year.Her mind vigorously impressedby every surrounding objecthad attained the habit ofreacting upon its ideas. Shehad learnt from languageof changes in futurity & herromantic ideas of eternalpeace & eternal parental love

were the renovated thoughtsof her infancy. Sometimes indeedshe felt that expansion oflife that thirsting afterunknown things which is thetrue mark of a mind

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37filled with sensibilities, sometimesshe thought of death ofthe old age of her mother& the death of her father& was miserable. –Her acquaintance was atthis time enlarged by theaddition of a family ofFarmers who came to settlein the hill, the magnesiansoil of the lizard covered withfine grass & capable offeeding sheep [?off] had longoffered a prospect – of successto the needy cultivators ofthe surrounding country butEdward Murray was thefirst of those cultivatorswho had been able to[Horizontal rule]We are accustomed to consider thought& language as almost synonymousWhat an immensity of feelings whatan innumerable [?crowd] quantity of perceptions

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must necessarily impress the mind of all men. Writing & speaking are arts like music & painting to express some of them only. –

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39Many days of sunshine & of clouds havepassed away since I last sawyou at Marazion on myroad to London.A long time is elapsed since I lastsaw you on my road to LondonI have not written to you &I have not given you anyvisible signs of remembranceyet believe me the recollectionof you & feelings connectedwith that recollection havealmost daily occupied nosmall part of my mind. –

thoughts.Whilst new impressions connectedwith new scenes in life & withnew relations to the world areare crowding in upon me Iseem still to retain allmy early ideas as vividlyas ever, I shall never forgetour sympathies & our conversation

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at penzance when we neededsympathy & love to enableus to bear the oppressionof peevishness & folly. –We can trace back our existencealmost to a point formertime presents us with trainsof thoughts gradually diminishingto nothing; bur our ideasof futurity are perpetuallyexpanding our desires & ourhopes even when modifiedby fears seem to graspat immensity. –This alone would be sufficientto prove the progressivenessof our nature & that thislittle earth is but the pointfrom which we start towardsa perfection that is boundedonly by infinity. –

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41How different are the roadsby which we arrive towardsare going towardsit. [?xxxx] in the bosom ofprogress is marked amidstdomestic peace living amidstthe objects that have beenfamiliar to you frominfancy – I separated frommine is in the more gloriousmy family connect[?ion] withthe world at large& a small agent inthe improvement of mankind– I do not always look backupon the interval that haselapsed since I left homewithout shuddering at thedangers to which I havebeen exposed. I was ofthat age when the passionsare most powerful when

ambition & folly uncontrouledby experience are the mastersof the soul –Temptations speak every where

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to men in great cities whichare the abodes of vice& of indolence – An activemind a deep ideal feelingof good, in look towardsfuture greatness has preservedI am thankful to thespirit who is every wherethat I have passed themost dangerous season ofmy life with but fewerrors in pursuits whichpromise to me at somefuture time the honorablemeed of the applauseof enlightened men –I have been fortunate withregard to my friends

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43M M. has [MS torn] infor[MS torn]of the reason of my not writingyou. it has been only thefear of troubling you My letterswould not be interesting to youfor they would only express onefeeling which I should findit difficult to diffuse throughmany words, namely that Ican never look to my presentstate without feeling the strongestemotions of gratitude towardsmy first protector & earliestfriend. –If you do no[?t] write to mebefore the fifteenth [MS torn]month you [MS torn]to [MS torn]

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[MS torn]Profes[MS torn]Blessed is he aroundWho is the infant marked for pleasureWho is the infant formed for pleasureFor Genius & her hallowed treasureHe [?whose] spirit early proves

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451799. –Blessed is the He around whose browsThe sacred [?xxxxxx] <light> of genius glowsEarly shall his Spirit proveThe [?xxxxxxxxx] flame of sacred loveEarly shall his [?dusky] eye <Kindling eye>Turn towards the azure sky[?Feeling] the lucid star of dayProudd Winning itsProud rolling through [?its] cloud clad way.Early shall his red lips seekHis [?xxxxxx] Mothers love flushed cheekOr to the vale of pleasure turnAnd on her orbed beauties burnTo him the earth the sky the airShall teem with life & beauty fairAnd He in every form shall seeThe lineaments of sympathyThe lightning fires the stormsthat moveThrough the vaulted heaven aboveThe meteors deep & awful lightShall but please his wondringtranquil sightAnd the deep loud growling <wonder>thunderShall but wake his sleepingwonder.”

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He shall hear the noisy drumAnd love to beat it withhis thumb

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47from the lord of the manorthe grant of a [?xx] settlementthere –He was a robust farmerpast the prime of his lifeRude in his manners. He hadthat hospitality which is theresult of plenty & of peace. <confidence in man>which never exists in thosecountries where men arehypocritical grossly self interesteddeceit hypocrisy or gross selfinterest exist. –He had several sons & a daughterall of which except (one) Henrywere much older than MaryHenry was two years younger –He was a fine healthy boy

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so wonderfully constituted isthe organisation of manthat pain is uniformlyconnected either with breaksin the associations ofour motions or withthe production of energyby being modified bypleasure or with theseparation from ofvoluntary [?motions/actions] fromour general aggregate.Even the pain of diseasecannot be lost it mustattach itself to someparts of our nature &the association of analogywill direct it whereto attach itself

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49If the marble columnsthe works of man ifhis [?visi] agencies cannotbe annihilated – but onlyundergoe gradual change.Shall the creation oflove be destroyed shallthe invisible links whichbind the poet philosopherto myriads of Kindredspirits be annihilatedby an affection ofhis organs –No his

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The human mind haslately been active & powerfulbut there is very littlereason for believing thatit has attained its adultstate; for we view in itsexertions not only the power[?xxxxx] they have actedupon me during the last almostthe whole of the time that Ihave been here.Inactivity with regard toone thing has extended toanother.And I have been so indolentas even to neglect the correspondenceof my friends.& activity; but likewisethe awkwardness of youth

its poets artists philosophers &gentlemen. –that the period of its greatest strengthis passed. or even that it has attained

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51by imagination in the future.Believe me my friend Ihave often had [?xxxx] ideas fullof life & hope connected withyou. – The human mind hasbeen active & powerfulIf we may venture toreason upon abstract principlesthe human mind has noteven yet attained its adultstate; It has been graduallygaining new powers & facultiesbut it is as yet incapableof using [?xx] so as to producethe greatest possible effect;its parts are not firmlyunited together; & they seldomact in perfect unity; manyof its exertions are whollythrown away. In short it

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possesses the strength awkwardnessas well as the strength& activity of youth: –[Horizontal rule]If it were necessary toappeal to simple facts inorder to prove the truthof these assertions, we shouldfind sufficient evidences inthe want of <that> support whichthe different orders ofsociety ought to give to eachother. They are insulated insmall circles of self interest; &they do not understand theintimate relation <connection> of theirown welfare with the welfareof society. – In this pictureno individualThe philosopher who makesin this picture many individualsmany collections of individuals [?must]

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53a discovery intimately connectedwith a diminution ofseldom developes it with that

labor can only with thespirit of candor & openeness whichgreatest difficulty prevailupon the manufacturer toadopt it – & He is seldom ablein consequence of [?pecuniary]circumstances to unfoldit openly& in the spiritof liberalityAnd the Manufacturer ingeneral too near to aMechanical being is unwillingto apply principles to his <to the> worldart & considers it as ratherdependent upon the bodythan the mind; <He is> suspiciousof improvements as tendingto diminish his importancein society; & incapable ofestimating the advantages oftheory He affects todespise it. –be excepted but it is applicableit to the [?xxxxxxxx] greatest portion of the body

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That which does not extend to sensible distances ie‘attraction’ such as is found to obtain inthe minute particles whereof bodies arecomposed which attract each other at or nearthe point of contact with a force much superiorto that of gravity; but which at any distancefrom it decreases much further than thepower of gravity. This power a [?late] ingeniousAuthor chooses to call the attraction of cohesionas being that whereby the atoms or invisible[?xxxxx] particles – Encyclopedia. Britannica Vo2Attraction. page 670 –[Horizontal rule]Chemistry is a science the object of whichis to ascertain the ingredients that enterinto the composition of bodies; to examinethe nature of these ingredients, the mannerin which they combine & the properties resultingfrom their combination. –– All our classifications are in fact artificialnature does not know them & in factwill not submit to them. but it isof use to form analogies as by meansof them the science is much readierlearnt. –[Horizontal rule]Gravity is the attraction between bodies sodistant that the masses alone influencethe result & that the power may beconsidered as residing in the centre of theattracting bodies –Adhesion supposes a distance too small

for our senses. It has been demonstratedto depend upon the No of touchingpoints which depends upon the figureof the particles that form the body

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55cohesion takes place only between particles ofthe same nature. These instead of touchingin one superficies only as in adhesiontouch in every point where their figurewill allow of contact: consequently theforce of cohesion also must depend uponthe figure of the particles. –Affinity unites bodies of a differentnature not merely by one superficiesas cohesion does but particle[Horizontal rule]Quere how far must the old establishedlaw of chemistry be admitted. that no twobodies can act on each other except oneof them be fluid. –[Horizontal rule]Since all the details in the precedingwhich have proved that the force of attractionby which compounds are formed is placedin every body & exists in it ina determinate degree it is evident thatthe phaenomena – produced <occasioned> by this forceought to take place in all the changesthat are produced in the world& which constitute in their connectionthe harmony of the universe. –As these phaenomena are of twoclasses according to the masses <of the bodies> bywhich they are produced ie the phaenomenataking place between the great bodies

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composing the universe & between themolecules of each body –These only must be regarded aschemical & it only belongs toChemistry the explanation of theTheory of them. –page [?87]. Vo1Berthollet has supposed in his essayon affinity that the anomalydepends upon – Mass –[Horizontal rule]– In the rich & privil[?d]ledgedorders <who are ultimately> the guardians ofrefinement, & of civilization& even of science: dissipation& the seeking after unnecessarywants has too muchoccupied the mind. Themost powerful & most

respected part of thehuman species have squandered

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57away much of theirstrength in luxury &the vanity of pleasure;What might we nothope for in a statesociety in which thecharacter of the philosopherwas united to that ofthe artist & it inwhich it became thebusiness of men & property& power eminently topatronise the sciences. –. – . The division & propertythe division of labor theinequality of rank & conditionare in fact the germsof power in the human

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mind <civilized society> its moving causesyea even its very spirit& life. – And lookingforward to improvementsWe can only hope thatthat the arts & sciences may be links of [?xxxxxx]they may act with greaterforce; so as to produce [?xxxx] [?xxxxx]their full & perfecteffects. – In this hopewe do not amuse ourselfwith visionary theories; withthoughts concerning theinfinite perfectibility ofthe human species, &the annihilation of diseaselabor and even death. –We look to a time which

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59we may reasonably expectto a bright day ofwhich we already perceivethe dawn. –[Horizontal rule]That the human mindmay be able to exert itsgreatest force it is necessarythat the different ordersof Men that support <[?compose] it>it should yeild to each

other <firm> support & exert themselveswith analogous feeling, strength& principles. –[Horizontal rule]Hitherto the differentorders of society have beento much insulated in smallcircles of self interest & havecontributed but little to thesupport of each other. –

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The philosopher who hasmade a discovery connectedwith a diminution of laborhas seldom had an opportunityor even an inclinationto turn it immediatelyto the public good.– but we may hopethat a new spirit hasarisen that a new feelinghas pervaded the publicmind; it now seems tobe generally felt thatgreat & powerful exertionsin the sciences & the artscan only be produced bya spirit that may

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61be called national & whichconnects together all thedifferent classes of menin the pursuit ofone great object. Theprosperity of Britain; Her<proud> independance & her conqueringenergy; are dependantupon her arts & commerce;How much then oughtwe to wish for theperfection of their theories;& as we are advancedfarther in the <perfection of [?xxxxxxx]> theory ofthe arts than other nations& we can only preserveour superiority. by the improving

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them by the sciences. –The truth of these assertionsmust be felt by all whohave studied the British nationalspirit. By all who are acquaintedwith the increasing perfection

of our arts & the extension ofour commerce; which are ultimatelyconnected with the political relations;the proud independence &the conquering energy of thispeople. It may be shownby an appeal to individualinstances; & in this caseI am proud to be ableto appeal <scientific> to the institutionsof this country. the societies; [?xx]in which I have [?xxxx] thehonour of addressing you;

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63In consequence of the happyeffects of the multiplicationof books of the facility ofattending public lectures &other causes a taste forscience is becoming moregenerally diffused[Horizontal rule]And we look to thefuture state of society asslowly growing out ofthe present state.[Horizontal rule]More especially in thisnation a general Spiritfor improvement seems toprevail. It is demonstratedby the increasing energy <increase of perfection>in its its arts, [?x] by theextension of its commerce

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[?x] by its proud independence& conquering energy. –[Horizontal rule]From a union of sentiment& of grand views in [?xxx] thedifferent parts of the communitythe happiest consequences mustnecessarily result; It is[?x] a national spirit that[?x] has produced the happinessprosperity independence &conquering energy of thispeople; It has contributedmuch to [?view] [?xxxx] increasethe arts & to extend thesciences & it will finallyrender them perfect carrythem near to perfection. –

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65The union of sentiment &feeling in <the different parts of> a people isalways connected withimmense advantages. Itforms what may becalled the national spiritwhich is uniformly thesource of improvements inthe condition of manrapid extension in thearts & sciences the health& the happiness & prosperityof independance & conqueringenergy. –

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[Blank page]

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67

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The <unequal> division of property &of labor; the difference ofrank & condition amongstMankind are in factthe [?xxxxx] of sources ofpower in civilized <life> societyits moving causes & evenits very life soul.And in consideringthe & <in> hoping that thehuman species are capableof becoming more happy& more enlightened & morehappy; We can onlyexpect; that the differentparts of the wonderfulsociety should be more

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69intimately linked togetherby means of philosophy& the arts; that theyshould act as thechildren of deity [?I] oneparent with one determinateends so that noexertions <should be lost> no power shouldbe lost. rendered useless.I this view wedo not amuse ourselfves with [?xxxxxxxx] delusive

dreams concerning the infiniteperfectibility of the humanspecies: the annihilation oflabor disease & even death. –; But We reason byanalogy from simple facts

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 070

We consider only the astate of human progressionrising out of its presentcondition. We lookfor a bright day ofwhich we already perceivethe dawn. –…

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71Sulphurated hydrogene gashas all the properties ofan Acid –1 it [?extings] flame 2 it isnot inflammable –3 It is soluble in water. –4 It is produced in allcases by the decompositionof water.[Horizontal rule]1 To make the inflammable1. To Make the non inflammablair inflammable by passing theelectrical spark through it &to ascertain whether thedifference in its degree ofinflammability is owing to

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 072

To try what kind of leatherwill be made by immersingskin in Muriate of Tin[?xxx] –

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 073

7326 –Found that during theconversion of green muriateof iron into red noAmmoniac is formed asI had heretofore suspected –Green muriate of iron isapparently very soluble in Alcoholmight not this solutionimpregnated with Nitrous gasbecome a good solution

for eudiometrical expts. –[Horizontal rule]Outlines of a paper onGalvanism. –Introduction of the subjectby general views – Galvanismis electricity produced in Arrangements consisting wholly of conductorsHow is this electricity excitedmerely from their contact orfrom a new principle of electricalaction; Or from chemical changes

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 074

Mr Volta & many of the foreignphilosophers adopt this last opinion& support it by an exptesteemed fundamental; namelythat when two metals arebrought in contact & separatedthey are found in opposite statesof electricity; but this exptdoes not in the least showthat the phaenomenon is owingto their arrangement: for chemicalagencies such as those of theatmosphere may be concerned: &though the action of theMechanical action of the metalsmay produce the effect &there is no reason from the exptof adopting the new principle ofa constant circulation of theelectricity. –It is not necessary thatwe should ascertain if chemicalagencies be concerned in the fundamentalexpt it will be sufficient tous to shew their power inthe pile in which all thegalvanic effects are much more

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 075

75distinct; Mr Volta considersthe fluids in the common pileas conductors merely; but noneof them <are> active unless theybe likewise chemical agents: &their powers are not proportionalto their conducting energy asfor instance the expt withsulphuric acid. –When one metal onlyis used it is said thatone of the fluids standsin the place of a metalbut this fluid may be [?indissolubly]

either sulphuret of P or waterfor instance in the case of theTin; & the current ofelectricity is determined bythe power of the substanceto act; And in thisrespect there is a verycurious relation between differentchemical actions – Thus themetals which decompose water

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 076

appear to have the currenton the side of partdecomposing water; butthose that act upon sulphuretof potash & do notdecompose water have thecurrent on the side ofthe sulphuret & whereboth actions take placethere is a contest forthe current. –– . probably Zinc & copperwith double glasses & Zincexposed to acid & copperto <sulphuret> will undergo very littlegive very little power. – &still less when the orderis reversed; But Zinc withacid & copper with causticpotash will probably act. –or sulphuret with copper; &Zinc with concentrated Sulphuric

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 077

77acid; but Zinc with solutionof sulphuret & copper withacid will most probably notact at all.– The acids act very feeblyin producing galvanism: copper& silver with Nitrous acidvery little; though muchwith Nitrate of MercuryGold & Silver even act[?x] but feebly; they oughtto act powerfully withN Sulphuret of Potash. –– Expt proving the dependanceof electricity upon oxidationin which when a gold wireis made to compleat: thecircuit on the oxygene sidevery little hydrogene is givenout; but when silver wirevery much: –

Probable Theory of

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 078

galvanism.When Water, acid, orSolution of Sulphuret actupon [?an] [?acid] Metalor upon charcoal; achange in Electrical equilibriumtakes place. & the [?xxxx] fluidbecomes positively [?xxxxxx] & themetal negatively electrified &the metal positively; this occasionsa current. & if therebe but three classes ofbodies two metals forinstance & one fluid thenthe circulation will be thus[Ink sketch with Z, C, and W]

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 079

79[Ink sketch with P, N, Z, C, and W][Ink sketch with Z, C, and W][Ink sketch with C, W, and Z]

The skin tomorrowDr Thomson

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 080

Analysis or rather Compositionof Artificial leather. –13 ounce [?xxxx] [?xxxx] of isinglassin solution 11. 3/4 & 10 grains54 grains of isinglasswere dissolved in 13 ouncesof water left a residuumof about 2.5 grains ofmembrane. whole weight being12 oz. 3/4 Averdu: & 44grains[Horizontal rule]54 grains Isinglass in10 ounces of waterThe space filled by the 11 3a/4ounces & 40 grains of isinglasswere filled by 11 3a/4 & 23grains of distilled water. –[Horizontal rule]50 grains left the sameresiduum being dissolved in 9oz of water gave 8 1/2 1/2 Av: & 93grains ofThe large filters weigh86 grains each

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 081

8128 JuneThe Lime Catechu.was of a pale <deep> yellow <leather yellow>colour. & in four daysit being exposed the 24had become mouldyin the top | the residuum was 3 gr 1/2[Horizontal rule]52 grains leather palered.[Horizontal rule]Baked oak Bark the52 grains corresponding to60. was of a [?dense]red brown – much of theAromatic leather on Top –leather brown gray[Horizontal rule]20 The leather weighed 20 [xx] grains[Horizontal rule]The large [?plxxx] fOld unbaked Oak barkwas of a lighter brownleather red brown.[Horizontal rule]Ash Bark 66 grainsinfusion at first of a deep

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 082

green blue after three daysbecame <brown> orange colored youngAsh. fresh not twograins of precipitate –[Horizontal rule]Old Willow inner bark redbrown infusion[Horizontal rule]60 grains outer Barkwillow pale infusion almostof the colour of water –not quite a [?x] grains of[Horizontal rule]precipitate.[Horizontal rule]Outward Bark. OldOak colour red brownbrowner than inner ofwillow – [?not] not [?x] [?grain]quite 2 grains of Tannin precipitate[Horizontal rule]Angustura Bark no Tannin

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 083

832 Bark Old Oak very deepred brown.

[Horizontal rule]60 grains 2d BarkOld Willow scarcely colorednot quite two grainsof [?Tann] precipitate[Horizontal rule]Yellow Peruvian Bark lightred.[Horizontal rule]60 Inner Bark of Oak oldcolour bright brownleather 31 grains[Horizontal rule]Young oak inner red brownnot brown.

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 084

[Horizontal rule]Tumeric contains verylittle Tannin –[Horizontal rule]Madder very little ifany..[Horizontal rule]60 Bombay Cutch 47 grainsleather red[Horizontal rule]60 Bengal Cutch 48 grains[Horizontal rule]Green Tea 19 grains & half[Horizontal rule]Souchong tea 23 grains[Horizontal rule]60 galls gave <94> 98 grainsof Tannin. – Qu.[Horizontal rule]

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 085

85The 52 grains of Gelatinewith galls gave 98 grainsof dry leather[Horizontal rule]The 52 grains ofgelatine with Cutchgive 95 grainsbut in this casethere was a little loss[Horizontal rule]The true chewing cutch30 grains gave nearly35 grains of Cutch[Horizontal rule]Outside of oak barkgave 2[?x] grains[Horizontal rule]No Tannin in DragonsBlood.

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 086

Sepr 2[?5] 1802 [?x] –Tried expts with plumbago& silver with Muriateof lime, Sulphuric acid& Water. – The silverwas the oxygene.giving side & action was strong. –With gold plumbago& muriate of lime –gold was the oxygenegiving side action strongPut by a pile withcement[Horizontal rule]{Qu. will oxide oflead combine with extracttry Quassia Bark &c. –}

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87Galvanism.June. 9th. –Plumbago; with iron &Zinc & common waterwas the hydrogene givingpole. –Plumbago with zinc& sulphuret of Potashwas the oxygene <hydrogene> givingpole; with iron &[?Sol.] Sulpher no perceptibleaction.[Horizontal rule]With plumbago charcoal& water action hydrogenegiven by the charcoalside – likewise withsulphuret of Potash[Horizontal rule]To get plates of charcoal& plumbago with solution

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 088

of carbonate of Potash –Expt in the decompositionof Water by electricityWe cement into atube after Woolastonsmanner a good wire[Ink sketch of wire cemented in tube]We thenput airthen water& another

wire. Nowin this case We oughtto get inflammable airin the tube

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 089

89– July 10th –At about– Expts on theinfluence of a vacuum& of different gasses onthe galvanic phaenomena[Horizontal rules]at an inch <& half> of gasie the Barometer gagestanding at about 28.5the Barometer being at30.

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Decr 27th 1802.Monday Gave Royce – 1..0.0 to pay11.Gave Susan 1..0.0to pay. 8..6

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91Quere? may there notbe two or three combinationsof Gelatine & Tannin –Memm to endeavor to ascertainthis. –[Horizontal rule]The Tanners ought to payparticular attention to the ageof their bark very old barkwill always have an immensequantity of red vertical layerswhich will contain proportionallyvery little Tannin.[Horizontal rule]Memm. Tomorrow to throwdown the precipitate fromsolution of galls; & expose itto alcohol then if it ispure Tannin it will betaken up may not the vinoussmell of Tannin arise fromthe decomposition of mucilageQuere has not mucilage some

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 092

affinity for Tannin –[Horizontal rule]

May not albumen & extractivematter combine?[Horizontal rule]Quere is not someextract always taken upin the common processesof Tanning[Horizontal rule]Artificial leather alwaysbecomes colored by exposureto air. Qu. is thisfrom oxygenation & whydoes not the same happento natural leather. –[Horizontal rule]Tannin prevents extractfrom being acted upon byalumn?

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 093

93What is the precipitategiven by alumn fromCutch after the leatherhas been seperated fromit?.[Horizontal rule]{That light which at firstoverpowers our organs becomesunder the influence of habitthe language of the externalworld. So it is with science[Horizontal rule]The young <brood of the> Eagle though at first <like that of the bird of [?xxxx]>dazzled & pained by the lightof the sun <the one> will not cease tolook towards it till He caneven rejoice in its splendourBut the other uniformlyavoids [?xx]. the glorious rays}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 094

{speculations of the Orator, allthe mighty combinations ofwords which constitute thespirit & life of our intellectualcommunications will atsome period be rememberedno more. But the Languageof expt is universallyintelligible & the truthsit conveys can never beforgotten. In our imitationsof Nature We have proceededso far as to be ableto produce if not acorrect copy a beautifulimitation In which as

in the work of a greatartist not only the formis expressed but likewisethe living power. –[Horizontal rule]Decr 15th gave Mrs Js 9..6}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 095

95{with awe assimilate ourselvesto his nature –The influence of science is notlike that of literature founded chieflyupon the passions of men. Itappeals to the Understanding& even the imaginationis submitted to it. Thefacts of Chemistry as belongingto nature are founded uponno arbitrary assumptions& are independant of thecaprices & fashions of the mind& the common fluctuations ofopinion – Language <words> willchange, taste must bemodified; The works ofGenius of one Nation. cannever be justly estimatedby another. nation. The Visionsof the Poet the sublime}

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{We shall now be obliged tosacrifice artificial processesto the observation ofthe processes of nature –We shall proceed toworship her in herexisting forms – Weshall examine herin her grand operations.We shall shew how far Man has modifyedthese operations –And in considering thethe external Universeas governed [?xxxxxx] [?xxx]by a one intelligence We shall in the nearestManner let it be spoken}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 097

97{[?Fiedler] has observed thatAlumine when sufferedto remain long in contactwith a solution of galls

throws down from it bothextract & Tannin & nothingremains in the solutionbut Gallic acid. –Acetite of alumineseems to throw downextract; but it hasno sensible action uponTannin –Might We not seperateextract from Tanninby muriate of Alumine.Then separate the Tanninby pure alumine & thenseparate the acid by lead.}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 098

{Mem the plumbagoexpt & the expt withthe iron – ie sulphuretin one side & acidin the other[Horizontal rule]Zinc gives veryfeeble effects –Tin with AcidAnd sulphuret –probably the intensityof the action. –}

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99{TyrianPurple[Horizontal rule]Better Principle[Horizontal rule]QuassiaHopsWormwoodCamomileDigitalisLord Carrington[Horizontal rule]}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 100

{[Horizontal rule]Duke of Marlborough[Horizontal rules]Watereight ouncesgave on evaporation3/4 of a grain[Horizontal rule]– Sulphate of Lime –– do of Magnesia& Muriate of Magnesia

Muriate of lime – –[Horizontal rule]Mem to state myorder to Thomson[Horizontal rule]}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 101

101{Analysis of LordDundas; –Muriate of Potashit gave in 100grains17 162 grainsof Muriate ofSilverAnd 86 grainsof NitreIf 100 [?x] 18 : 162132966229.1629..5 Acid}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 102

{June. 24. 1802. –48 grains of dryskin. – is a longpiece –68 grains a triangularpiece, –170 grains largepiece of dry skin217 grains of thick[?mat] – had been boiled[Horizontal rule]Roasted60 grains of OldOak Bark [?lost] by dryingat about 500˚F. – 8 grainsfor – half an Hour –}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 103

103{June 27.84 grains were nowweighed by the 48 afterbeing monitored – &prepared for Tanning131 were given by the68328 grains were givenby [?xx] 170 grains 217The small piecewas put in Bark

the 2d in Galls& the third inCutch.420192[?9]0170 is to 328 68.131 68262419682210413117051019022230}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 104

{June 27. 1802. 48 grains of dryskin dried in the air witht sunshineu0026 examined on a dry day. after[?xxx] [?xxxxxx] having been immersed forsome days in Water so as tobe perfectly fit for Tanning weighed84 grains– A piece of the same whichweighed 68 grains / moistenedweighed. 131.Another piece 170. whenmoistened gave 328 grains. –[Horizontal rule]1 was put into solution ofBark. 2 into Galls &[?x] into Cutch. – they weretanned very slowly & takenout sepr 23d.[Horizontal rule]They weighed whilst yet moist /. –when dry1. [?xxx] grains48 – 1 = 102: grains 6268 – 2 = 186 100170 – 3 = 403 208}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 105

105{To ascertain if the weightof the precipitate from agiven quantity of [?x] gelatineis influenced by its stateof dilutionA solution was made of18 grs of Gelatine of isinglassie = to 28 of isinglass in8 ounces of distilled water& the solution was dividedinto 4 portions –the first was precipitated by Galls

& gave = to 11 grainsthe 2d was diluted whilstwarm with 2 [?Zs] of water& gave – 9/2The 3d with 4 [?Zs] of watergave 8& the fourth with 8 [?Do] –gave. – 9Tempe being between 65 &70.}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 106

{The [fig] person whoafter having been longimmured in darknessattempts to view thebright light of thesun would receive onlyfrom it an impressionpain – To be ableto see objects distinctlyHe must begin withthe twilight & graduallystrengthen his organs byhabit. –}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 107

107

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{A piece of prepared skin 1/5 ofan inch thickintroduced into the strongestinfusion of [?Gt]. [?Cal]. was appearedto be well tanned inabout 4 days – It washowever suffered to remainin the infusion for abouta week – When it wasdried. After this timeit was dried – The leatherwas well colored & wasapproved of both as toappearance & texture byMr Purkis & Mr Poole. –[Horizontal rule]}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 109

109{– Considering this circumstancehowever & even allowingfor the coarseness ofthe [?xxxx] expt detailedit is evident thatthe Ext of Cat. cannotcannot contain much

less than 2/3 Tannin –From some expts thathave been lately madeit appears that thebest oak bark doesnot contain more <so much as> than1/[?16/10] Tannin –So that 1 lb. of Extmust be worth at least7.lb. of oak bark.}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 110

{that passed through the paperwas nearly pellucid & ofa bright red colour. –The substance remaining uponthe filtre when dried bythe common exposure toair weighed about. 1[?x]08grainsIn an expt made sometime ago it <was> found that20 grains of [?xx] isinglasswhen <perfectly> [?xxxx] [?xxxx] in waterprecipitated from theirsolution by infusion ofgalls gave 56 grainsof leather dried at thecommon tempe – Thisleather was however capableof being deprived of somewater by a higher tempe}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 111

111{– Anna thou art lovely everLovely in tearsLIn tears of sorrow brightBrighter in tears of joy55.3[?C] 1083664832455 3888 7055. 36: 12516 385815 3837555 4565 80}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 112

{The subjects of scienceare as immutableas they naturethey do not belong

to Man they arepart of the universe[Horizontal rule]odd effects of theinvisible rays. –Mr Exeter Essays on this subjectMr Dennis & MrReynolds}

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113In every Natural form shall seeLineaments of sympathy.–:Where the hollow blast aloneTo its sandy burden soars

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{I now appeal in the causeof Chemistry to those whoare placed from their situationsabove all wants; & who areneither obliged either by thefeelings of ambition or ofimmediate applications tostudy the sciences –And if exercise be considered as essentialto the health of the body an appeal to sensibleobjects is likewise to the mind[Horizontal rule]It is then that the humanspirit is most full of life& power when it perceivesthe traces of new facts &of new combinations when itviews}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 115

115{at least become virtuous.& his mind will be formedby good & regular habits. –His disposition at presentis good; but his habits areirregular. These habits youwill easily correct withoutpain; [?xx] at a futureperiod he will thankyou – & if indeed thebenefits He may derivefrom you are at allanalogous to those whichhis brother has derivedHe will never forgethis instructor – –}

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{My dear Sir,The little boywho brings you this letter ismy brother – It is my desire& it is my mothers desirethat He should become yourpupil. –I fear his mind atpresent is in a veryuncultivated state; but Heseems to possess sensibility:which I have been accustomedto consider as the foundationof all power & activity. –Under your tuition atall events, He must beimproved & if He [?xxxx] isnot <capable of> becoming learned, He will}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 117

117

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 118

{Expts on Tanning[Horizontal rules]Chesnut[Horizontal rule]180 grains of the epidermis ofchesnut [?xx] gave 11 grains oftolerably dry leather –color yellowish brown –Do. of the second bark –18 grains. dark brown –Do – 3d bark intern. 28.brown.[Horizontal rule]Oak – [?E] 180 –Epiderm. brown – 13 grains[Horizontal rule] 12 bark black (.red 11. 18 grains3 bark – light 32 grains[Horizontal rule]Willow – 180.Outside bark with part of inside 30Inside bark – 31.[Horizontal rule]Elm – 180 –Inside bark – 18. –}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 119

119{100 grains of Extract of Cat100 grains100100 grains of Ext: Catech

dissolved acted upon by <two quarts of> boilingwater were almost whollydissolved; & the residuum appearedto be extraneous matter whichhad been mingled with theextract. –To this [?xxxxxx] <infusion> was added[?xxxx] measures[?x] [?x] of the strongest Solutionof Isinglass till no moreprecipitative wa was addedtill no more [?xxx] [?x] the saturation of the Tanninwas compleated. –The whole mixture wasnow carefully filtrated – The liquor}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 120

{[?2] 19(its the hydrogene obtained severaltimes in the experiment with iceprobably arose from a solution ofsome of it when the water was[?xxxxx] & in subsequent liberationof it I resolved to try ifwhen acetate of lead wasdissolved in the water anygas would appear / In thiscase when the oxydating polewas of copper gas did appearin one case there probablywas a little hydrogene butthis was as there is everyreason to believe from the<common [?xxx] predisposed> action of copper upon thewater[Horizontal rule]Silver was used & in twoexperiments; no hydrogene wasevolved; nor was any lead revivedduring the thawing of the ice –}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 121

121{the galvanic current waspassing through it. & meltedit again always withthe production of gas –[?yet]. I beleive hydrogenemingled with a littleatmospheric air –[Horizontal rule]Mem plumbago to asctnwhether with lime it oxidates.[Horizontal rule]To try the galvanic brokencircle with the electrical machine

ie to convert galvanism <electricity into> intoelectr[Ink sketch of experimental apparatus]}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 122

{a diminution of surfaceboth in galvanism & electricityoccasioned an increase ofintensity of power – & ofcourse that if oxygene& hydrogene were watercombined with electricity ie + &– that when the twometallic surfaces weremade of different [?xxxx]there [?out] to be acorrespondently small proportionof gas produced as I hadfoundbefore [Ink sketch of experimental apparatus][Horizontal rule]Froze the water betweenthe currents. at the moment}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 123

123{greater than that of thehydrogene, ie the proportion[Horizontal rule]but if the potash beput as the hydrogene sidethen as the water is theexciter perhaps there willbe less difference –[Horizontal rule]ascertained to day thatLeather is composed of nearly20. Gelatine and; 36 or 37Tannin – ie moist[Horizontal rule]– Decr 17 –Having conceived two capitalexpts concerning the decomposition of water I resolved toput them into execution –The first was to prove that}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 124

{Decr 12. 1801.Discovered to day that whenpositive electricity was passedinto water; & dissipated intoair without the formation ofa circle – if the wire wasof silver oxide was producedbut no gas !!! ie therewere no sparks – !!

from air gas was formed– When negative was excitedfrom air gas was formedbut no oxide !!![Horizontal rule]Quere [?x]: suppose if causticpotash which conducts muchbetter than water; be put asthe oxygene giving side & wateras the hyde giving side willnot the quantity of oxygene be}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 125

125{At the end of the exptthe water was taken outof the glass – & in consequenceon account of the permeabilityof the gold beaters skinmuch of the fluids werelost about 3 grd of H[?xx] &2 of O[?ion] were howeverpreserved for examination –NB. a whitish matterhad fallen to the bottom inthe hye tube; [?2x] from the glass}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 126

{a little above the level ofthe <water in the> tubes – the water inthe O Tube diminished thatin the hy – tube increasedthe gold beaters skin wasacted upon & became redin some of its parts, throwingdown a minute quantityof reddish matter –both gold wires were actedupon one became pale inthe acid wire / the otherbecame black / Qu. had the[?xxxx] from the Glass –In the hydrogene tube theglass was acted upon &rendered white whereverit was in contact withthe hydne wire}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 127

127{them to inflame phosphorusby the parallel raysfrom a mirroras in Pictets expt for a course –[Horizontal rule]To try tomorrow Zinc

& copper in solution of sulphuret likewise to tryZinc & copper in muriaticacid. likewise in NitricAcid[Horizontal rule]Decr 3. Thursday. The greatgalvanic expt was concluded –during the whole of the timethat it was carried on Acidwas forming in the oxygene tube& alkali in the hydrogene tubethe water in the glass being}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 128

{Electrical expt let a receiverof glass – For instance ofthis size be partially partiallyexhausted; let there be thenthrown into it from anotherreceiver Nitrous gas. –will not electricity beas the Nitrous acid formed willgiven out; if there isbe better conducter than either of the [?xxx]if there <is> any let a number of gold or platina pointsbe suffered to standin the globe to collectit thus[Ink sketch of experimental apparatus]inductorwater& frostthe samewill not theKnob give sparks –[Horizontal rule]Quere has bennets electrometerbeen ever tried in anan exhausted receiver oron a receiver during exhaustion}

RI MS HD/13/C, p. 129

129{[Ink sketch of experimental apparatus] Distilledwater[Horizontal rule]Make the tube of sealing wax –[?xx] or of || glass covered withsealing wax[Horizontal rule]When a gold wire wasput into a galvanic circleso as to give out oxygene –the quantity of hydrogene ona corresponding gold wire was

as + 1: but when a silverwire which could oxydate wasput it was as + 3 does notthis prove the [?xx] dependance ofgalvanism upon oxydation}

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{[?Mem] to pass Diamond overHydrogene to form Carbonatedhydrogene – likewise to attempt to getthe gaseous oxide of carbon from it by means of oxide of [?Zinc][Horizontal rule]Memm. To try with a littlecup of Tin whether <the> Galvanicthe galvanic production of alkaliwill take place / ie in [?x] a littlelet the cup form the hydrogenegiving metal thus[Ink sketch of experimental apparatus]siphon filled with watercup of goldcup of tinoxygene giving poleHydrogene giving poleThe hydrogene giving cup may be filledwith muriate of lime that would giveno precipitation with Ammoniac –. This apparatusshall be ordered on Monday.[Horizontal rule] Another apparatus for ascertaining whetherthe atmosphere has any thing to do withthe galvanic production of alkali & acid –}

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131{26Charcoal gives wonderfully vividignition when made toconnect the ends of a galvanicbattery together[Horizontal rule] Mem to try theCombustion of charcoal inMuriatic Acid by the galvanicspark. –[Horizontal rule] Quere is it the bestfluid conductor; or solidconductor that gives theoxydating influence, or theworst; No?[Horizontal rule] [?M]: To try a galvanicbattery with large surfaces ofcharcoal with a view toproduce galvanic effects and a gasto those produced by singlelarge double plates –

[Horizontal rule]Cups of Tin plate or of iron coppered –}

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{glass seemed to be a little acted upon[Horizontal rule]Copper; would not act with eitheriron, Tin or lead as doubleplates with Solution of Sulphure,[Horizontal rule]21. 14 plates of iron &silver with Solution of Sulphuretof potash acted with intensitythe silver formed theoxyg arc –[Horizontal rule]23. Copper acted with ironwith considerable intensity ie iron[?x] Copper. Solution of SulphuretThe copper was the oxidating side& the iron the gaseous side –[Horizontal rule]Tin & copper act intenselywith Sulphuric acid the tin isthe oxydating side –[Horizontal rule]}

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133{given out in all the places ofthe water whilst oxygene is fixedin all the places of the sulphure[Horizontal rule]Iron with Sulphure & water producedno effect with acid the usual effect[Horizontal rule]Iron in acid, Silver in sulphureproduces the same effects assulphure silver & acid –Iron in sulphure, Silver in Sulphureproduced sensible effect. NB: alittle copper adhered to the ironfrom its action upon oxideof copper previously dissolved inthe acid – The arc metal inthe place of the silver gaveout oxide[Horizontal rule]In the minute experiment thewater in the: oxygene [?tube] with 4troughs, soon obtained the power of reddening tincture of turnsoyle[Horizontal rule]In about 10 hours one [?xxxxx] of water [?tasted/tested] alkaline & theother acid – on the alkaline side the}

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{39 grains [?is] [?as][Horizontal rule]20 Novr. Galvanic expt – Fridayof the glass tubes employed each weighs31. grains 1/8 by Mr Mr Accums scales – 20 grainsV1. V. 1/8 –The gold beaters skins each weigh1/4 & 3/8 of a grain –[Horizontal rule]six grains of water was introducedinto each tube –The gold wires employed weigh4 grs & 1/4 – each[Horizontal rule]Other experiments in galvanismwhen silver was connected withSulphure of Potash – & water oxidation took place in the series connectedwith the water ie in the place ofthe Sulphur – hence there is everyreason to believe that hydrogene is}

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135{through his trembling frame –}

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{energy – life –Was The blood thatrolled throughyour <their> veins –The infant <Was the> germ of my<bodily> power.[Horizontal rule]Their spirits gave me no germof Kindling energy. –[Horizontal rule]The feelings the ideas that ariseFrom nature & humanity are thoseThat love the human breast. The living fireOf pleasure interfused acts like a deityActs like a deity <amidst mankind> warms & expandsAll human hearts by [?xxxx] <by purest> [?of] sympathyConnecting them – The [?seed] of loveSown in our bosoms e’er we view thelightExpand & grow upon the fertile soilGrow flourish & produce the richest fruitwhen nurtured by humanity – <the> genial influenceof kind humanity. Een In the mothers lapWhilst yet He draws his life from herexistence whilst yet the form of [?order]}

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137{worlds –

They are far above the skies. –They Kindle in the starsThey dance in the light of sunsOr They live in the cometswhite hazeOr far beyond visiblethings –They are mingled withunknown life. –These poor remains of theframeWere the source of the organs of fleshThat feel the control ofmy willThat are active & mightyin me. –He gave to my bodymatter – formIs there aught <is nought> in yourdying forms limbsThat gave to my spirit}

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{What once was beauty & formIs mouldering dust. –What once was strength & powerIs still beneath the turf –Is there aught in your dying formsThat gave to my Spirit energy. –Was the blood that rolled throughyour veins. –The infant germ of my power[Horizontal rule]that whiten it cameFrom the breath & the spiritof man. –[Horizontal rule]Thoughts roll not beneaththe dust. –No feeling is in thecold grave. –Neither thought nor feelingcan die –They have passed to other}

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139{My eye is wet with tearsFor I see the white stonesThat are covered with names –The stones of my forefathersgraves. –[Horizontal rule]No grass grows upon themFor deep in the earth.In darkness & silence the organs

of lifeTo their primitive atoms return[Horizontal rule]Through ages their air [?x]Has been moist with their bloodThrough ages the seeds ofthe thistle has fedOn what was once motion & life <form>[Horizontal rule]The white cloud that floatsthrough the heavensIs pregnant, with whatthat which was lifeAnd the moon beams}

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{I am going into the country ashooting, said I when I had beenten months absent from myfriends[Horizontal rule]The elements arose from chaosLove was the consolidatingprinciple that bound themtogether. pain is theprojectile force}

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141

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{Where the rock of stature tallHangs oer the rough <smoth> descending hillBeside the murmuring fallOf a mountain rillAboveSheltered from every storm that blowsA little pile of earth is seenAbove the yellow copse uproseAbout it the white thistle growsIts [?top] with grass is green. –Above the yellow copse uprose2 A little pile of earth <ground> is seen1 Above the yellow copse uproseAbout it the white thistle grows,4 Its top with grass is green3 Round it the thistle grows. –Though far away from [?xxxxx]Yet is this [?xx] <hallowed ground earth> a holy place. –Yet is this spot a sacred <holy> placeFor mingled with the scentedIt is the place <spot> of second <[?xxxxx]> birthTo the last of [?Aina’s] race. –Warmed <Scorched> by twenty <forty> summer suns <days>Has his mouldering [?xxxx] <body> givenLight to feed the solar raysDew to cool the breath of

heaven. –}

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143{Behind that rock the dark blue skyFirst gave to thee herthousand lightsIt is not natures workA little hill with grass is greenThat round it gently flowsA little pile of ground is seenAround <About> it the white thistle grows.Its top with dusky grass is greenWaving as the Zephyr blows.}

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{Such are the feelings chance or Nature giveThey warm our bosoms while the senses liveTo me no shaping intellect had givenThe moral sense the living fire of heaven.My wild untutored intellect ne’er sawThe living light of natures sacred law. –[Horizontal rule]Thus whilst intensely on the raptured sightLives the eternal mountains wooded heightFair with the green the white the purple ray. – And mingling with the vast expansive sea. –The murmurs of the mountain torrent dieThe bounded intellect exists in eye. –Where the rock of stature tallHangs oer the green descending hillBeside the murmuring fallOf the mountain rillFirst upon thy cold blue cheekDid the breeze of [?summer] <evening> playBehind that rock thou first dist seekThe falling star of day. –}

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145{the newAnd vivid [?features] <raptures> of existence rise.The inconceivable feeling carried himAbove the earth & whilst He sawthe heavens[Ink sketch, possibly of metrical pattern]The propht arose in his power <might> [?x]and seized the arm of his powerWhen thou behind that rockdist seekThe fallen star of day. –}

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{Through the high palms the trembling moonbeam shoneAnd pleasant o’er the wanderers <burning cheeks> passedthe cool breezeof evening moist with dews. –Upon his ear fatigued by silentnessRushed the wild murmurings of amountain stream. –Whose waters sparkling with theyellow light <ray> rolled throughRolld through dark woodsgave life & beauty to a thousandflowersThat tufting the green banks withspreading leavesGave azure & the deeper hue ofred –To the faint light reflected. –As [?then/when] <to> the fever worn wretchwho longUpon the couch of <burning> agonyIn wild & painful visionshas beheld the gloThe gloomy <forms> of death & hell ariseFlashes the day of health the lightof joy. –So in the mind of moses did}

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147{To him no more the mighty past aroseMajestic with its splendid imagesNo more to turn the obscurity of timewas bright & splendidWeary & faint despair was on his soulA vacancy of thought a painful listlessness Such as the fever worn wretch– who long. –In agony. & felt the blood rollburning through his Veins}

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{Now to the wanderers dull & tearful eyeOft turned towards the blue & misty nileThe unfinished piles shone dimly visibleIn the last rays of evening. His tired feetMoved on so wearily that scarce the soundOf life or motion shook the parched airSuspended motionless above the sandsHe long had travelled. For the fear of deathAnd rapid vengeance nerved his youthful limbsNo pleasant feelings cheered him for the thoughtsThe renovated thoughts of former days rose intheir dimness – But they minglednot with the dark unknown

Future. Still He travelled tillbefore him spread the mightydesart. As its skirted boundswhere the green verdure grewhe bent his steps. whilst abovehim rolled diffusive of creative lightin their immeasurable roundsthe glorious stars. –}

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149{Were mingled with the hot & parchedsands.The moon above The prophet lifted highHis dark black eye & raised his handsto heavenHis visionary eye beheld the formsof real seraps in the shapeless cloudsAnd in the deep & loudly murmuringthunderThe high behests of heaven. –}[Horizontal rule]

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{Injustice was not mine, nor did I seewithout a tear the death of sympathy.claim –Injustice was not mine, I did notclaim –fame Miss [?T][Horizontal rule] mem the door before bed time[Horizontal rule] [?xxxxxx]Is there a being in whose savage breastthe hatred of a human thing can restIs there a being who with gladnessglowsWhen so like him burns with human woesTo him I ween no gentle motherscareGave mild enjoyment from a bosomfair[Horizontal rule] Nursed in the bosom of societyWe mingle with each other many joysAnd pains & passions by the countenancethe [?living/loving] voice expressed all feltbind man to manTill sympathy is closely joined to lifeTo spoil sooner. –Dark frowned the tempest in the skyThe cloudsHung oër the brow of Sinai, the yellowleaveswhirld round the bosom of the blastthat bore them}

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[Ink sketch of eight-pointed star]