msturin.files.wordpress.com€¦ · web viewurinary system structures of the urinary system....
TRANSCRIPT
MIDTERM REVIEW TOPICS version 1.0Review your homeworks and in class assignmentsThe midterm will be taken from these assignments
Topic / Concept DetailedGeneral: Structures, processes, molecules Diffusion, osmosis and active transport Measuring pH Use of indicators in biologyIdentify and define the structure, molecules and processes we have learned about
Distinguish between diffusion, osmosis and active transport
What does pH measures – what affect pH in an organism
What is an indicator, and how are they used?
Botany Primary parts and functionsLeaves, stems, flowers, fruit
Male and female parts
Chloroplasts
Cell walls
Central vacuole
ReproductionFruits, seeds, pollen
Cells Cell typesProkaryote
Eukaryote
Plant vs. Animal
Cells Continued:
Organelles and their functionsNucleus,
ribosomes,
golgi apparatus,
plasma membrane,
mitochondria, ATP
vacuoles,
cytoplasm
Path of a protein Nucleus ribosomes ER golgi apparatuesplasma membrane
Plasma membrane structure
Phospholipid bilayer
Hydrophilic/hydrophobic
Diffusion and active transport through the membrane
Protein channels in the membrane
Biomolecules Proteins, carbohydrates,Lipids Fats What foods each comes from Importance of each for health Recognize chemical structure diagrams EnzymesProteins are made up of and break down to amino acids
Carbohydrates are made up of and break down to glucose
LipidsSteroidsFats are made up of and break down to fatty acidsEnzymes – what they are and what they do and how
Digestive System Structures of the digestive system and their functions Where each of the biomolecules is processed in the digestive system Regulation of sugar by the hormones of the liver and pancreasMouth,
epiglottis,
stomach,
small intestine,
large intestine,
colon,
liver,
pancreas
Digestive System - Continued
Absorption in the small intestine, water absorption in the large intestine
Role of insulin and glucagon in responding to increases and drops in glucose levels in the
body
Respiratory System Structures of the respiratory system Movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between arteries and veins in the capillariesMouth, nose, trachea
lungs,
bronchi, alveoli
Cillia and moisture in airways
Diffusion in the alveoli
Effect of carbon dioxide on blood chemistry and respiration rate
Circulatory System Structures of the circulatory system Movement of materials arteries and veins in the capillariesHeart,
arteries,
veins,
capillaries
Movement of blood through the chambers and vessels of the circulatory system
Effect of carbon dioxide on blood chemistry and heart rate
Calculating maximum, upper and lower heart rate for appropriate exercise
Urinary System Structures of the urinary system Structures in the kidney Diffusion and active transport Movement of molecules Processes of the urinary systemKidney,
ureter,
bladder,
urethra
Nephrons and glomerulus
Which molecules are filtered out of the blood and which are reabsorbed
Where and how filtration, absorption, secretion and excretion occur
How we test for protein and glucose in the urine and what that means
Immune System Structures and cells of
the immune system 3 levels of immunity Memory and immunitySkin, hairs, oils
Inflammatory response
Specific vs. non-specific immune response
Natural killer cells
, B-Cells,
T-Cells,
memory cells
Antibodies
Immunization and immunity
The systems working togetherHomeostasis
Diffusion
Circulation of gases, nutrients and wastes throughout the body
DNA Structure of DNA Base Pairs RNA and DNA Codons Translation TranscriptionDouble helix – who discovered
Pairing of Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine
RNA vs. DNA
Three base-pair sets code for amino acidsDNA is translated to RNA in the nucleus
mRNA transcribes RNA to amino acids in the cytoplasm