Name: ___________________________________ Period: _____ Date: __________________

2014 Gateway Review PacketPossible Topics for the Gateway Writing Exam:

o Ecosystemso Energy Transformationso Ecological Changeso Geneticso Solutions

3/3 - Heredity: Watch the video located here: http://tinyurl.com/punnettsqr

1) Fill in the Punnett square below as instructed.

2) What trait was the letter “F” chosen to represent?

3) Why was upper case F used for the black rabbit and a lower case f used for the white rabbit?

4) What color are the offspring?

5) Why weren’t there any white offspring?

Brown eyes are dominant to blue. The father’s genotype is Bb. The mother has blue eyes.

6) Create a Punnett square to see the chances of them having a blue-eyed child.

7) How many of the possible children will be heterozygous?

3/4 - Ecological Succession: Watch these 2 videos: http://tinyurl.com/successionsong and http://tinyurl.com/successiontypes

1) What is a pioneer species and give an example?a.

b.

2) What is succession?

3) What are the 2 types of succession?a.

b.

The Gateway exam is Monday,

March 31.Be ready!

f f

F

F

4) What disturbances would cause succession?

5) What is the

3/5 - Ecosystems: Watch the video at http://tinyurl.com/lionkingintro and write down any biotic and abiotic factors you see in the ecosystem. Also, write down as many producers, 1st level consumers, 2nd level consumers, and 3rd level consumers as you see.

Biotic Abiotic

The Lion King Food ChainProducer Primary

ConsumerSecondaryConsumer

TertiaryConsumer

3/6 - DNA: Sort your cards into two categories: DNA and RNA. Fill in the chart as we go over it together.

DNA RNA

3/7 – Energy Transformations: Visit the NOVA simulations at http://tinyurl.com/photosyngameThen, watch the video at http://tinyurl.com/phototmbg for more information.

THE CYCLE: How did we make the plant in the girl’s room begin to photosynthesize?

ATOMIC SHUFFLE: What is the equation for photosynthesis?

THREE PUZZLES:1) Can just one tree keep one person alive?

2) Can a plant stay alive without light?

3) Can a plant stay alive without oxygen?

3/10 – Ecosystems: Use the pictures scattered around the room to identify each organism as a producer, consumer, or decomposer. Then identify them as autotrophs or heterotrophs.

Name of Organism Decomposer, Consumer, or Producer

Autotroph or Heterotroph

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.

12.3/11 - Ecological Changes: Arrange the succession cards provided in order from beginning to end. After we have reviewed it together in class, add your answers to the boxes below.

Primary Succession

Secondary Succession

3/12 - Ecosystems: Fill in the missing information in the concept map using the word banks.

Word BankAbiotic

AutotrophBiotic

CarnivoreConsumersFood ChainFood WebHerbivore

HeterotrophOmnivoreProducers

3/13 - Heredity: What does Document A say about heredity in peas? Challenge yourself to use as many vocabulary words as you can remember!

3/14 - DNA: Watch the video located here: http://tinyurl.com/cdivision. Fill in the chart with the info.

Meiosis Mitosis

Definition:

Function:

Genetically:

Crossing Over:

Pairing of Homologues:

Number of Divisions:

Number of Daughter Cells produced:

Chromosome Number:

Steps:

Creates:3/17 - DNA:

Document A

1) Use the document to the right to brainstorm words and phrases for the subject of DNA and protein synthesis.

2) In 2-3 sentences, describe what is represented in each part of the diagram.

3/18 - Energy Transformations: Put the following words into the concept map below using the BrainPop video your teacher will show you.

Aerobic Anaerobic ATP Cytoplasm GlucoseMitochondria Photosynthesis H2O CO2 O2

3/19 - Ecological Changes: Walk around to each picture or description and put an “X” in the box that matches the type or types of succession illustrated.

Description Primary Secondary Both

1. Fire2. Pioneer Species is the Lichen3. Soil4. Volcano5. Changes happening to an ecosystem over

time6. Pioneer species is grass and weeds7. Climax community is hardwood trees8. Takes the longest time to occur9. Farming10.Glacier melting leaving exposed rock11.Caused by a natural or man-made

disaster12.Tornado

3/20 - Energy Transformations: For each statement below, check if the statement matches cellular respiration, photosynthesis, or both. Use this video if you need help http://tinyurl.com/energycycles

Photo-synthesi

s

Cellular Respirati

onATP is produced

Occurs in all living organisms, both plants and animalsProducts are 6CO2, 12H2O, and energy

Can only occur in the presence of sunlightEquation is 6CO2 + 12H2O + light C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

Requires energy to occurGlucose is broken down into water, carbon dioxide, and energy

Stages of process include glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain

Energy for reaction is obtained from breaking chemical bondsElectron transport chain is used to pump protons across membranes

Occurs in the mitochondria of cellsMain function is the breakdown of food (energy release)

Carbon dioxide is absorbed and oxygen is releasedProducts are 6CO2, 6H2O, and energy

Occurs only in plants, algae, and some bacteriaMain function is the production of food (energy capture)

Occurs in the chloroplasts of cellsCatalyst for the reaction is chlorophyll

Energy for reaction is obtained from photons in sunlight

No catalyst is required for this reactionStages include the light dependent and the light independent reactions

Equation is 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 +6H2O + ATP (energy)3/21 - DNA: DNA is the ‘instruction manual’ for all of life’s processes. In order for the body to ‘read’ these instructions, each cell must undergo a process of DNA replication and protein synthesis (transcription and translation). Using the documents provided, describe the process in which the instructions in DNA create proteins.Your paragraph should include the following:

Introduction (1 sent.) DNA replication (1-2 sent.) Transcription (1-2 sent.) Translation (1-2 sent.) Conclusion (1 sent.)

3/24 - Ecological Changes: In order for an ecosystem to develop, it must undergo certain stages called succession. Primary and secondary succession must occur in order to produce a climax community. Using the document provided, describe the process in which an ecosystem changes over time to create a climax community.

Your paragraph should include the following: Document D Introduction (1 sent) Describe what type of succession is shown (1-2 sent) Explain what could cause this type of succession (1-2 sent) Explain climax communities (1-2 sent) Conclusion (1 sent)

mRNA

DNA

Document A Document B

Document C

3/25 – Ecosystems: An ecosystem is composed of a wide variety of essential components, both living and nonliving. Using the document provided, describe the different factors in a desert biome and how they are all interconnected. Your paragraph should include the following:

Introduction (1 sent) Describe abiotic factors of desert (1-2 sent) Describe biotic factors of desert (1-2 sent) Describe how biotic & abiotic factors are

interconnected (1-2 sent) Conclusion (1 sent)

3/26 - Heredity: Your genes are the biggest factor in determining who you are. Even children of the same parents can have very different physical characteristics. Organisms that look the same can actually have very different genes, depending on whether the specific alleles are dominant or recessive. In a paragraph, explain how an organism’s genotype relates its phenotype and how a Punnett square can be used to predict the offspring of a mating pair.

Your paragraph should include the following: Introduction (1 sent) Dominant and recessive alleles (1-2 sent) Genotype vs. phenotype (1-2 sent) Punnett square (1-2 sent) Conclusion (1 sent)

Document G

Document F

Document E

W wW W

W Ww

w Ww ww

3/27 - Energy Transformations: You are setting up an experiment to demonstrate photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Predict what will happen when you place a plant and a mouse together in a covered airtight container with food, water and sunlight.

Your paragraph should include: Introduction (1 sent) Describe photosynthesis (1-2 sent) Describe cellular respiration (1-2 sent) Describe what happens to the mouse and plant (1-2 sent) Conclusion (1 sent)

3/28 - Solutions: You have been asked to tutor a friend in chemistry who is having trouble understanding the concept of solubility. Using basic lab equipment and KNO3, explain to your friend how to make three different solutions that are unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated.

Your paragraph should include the following: Introduction (1 sent) How to make unsaturated solution (1-2

sent) How to make saturated solution (1-2 sent) How to make supersaturated solution (1-2

sent) Conclusion (1 sent)

Document H

Document J