wednesday october 7th in notebook: identify: a primary producer, primary consumer, and secondary...
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Wednesday October 7th
In Notebook:Identify: a primary producer, primary
consumer, and secondary consumer.
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Today’s Learning Targets
Agenda:
1.Formative Assessment
2.Ecological Pyramids
3.Bioaccumulation/Biomagnification
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Food Web vs. Food Chain
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Write. Share. SHARE!
Interpret these pyramids. Do you think these pyramids depend on each other or are they independent?
What trends do we see in common for all these pyramids?
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Biomass Pyramid
• The total mass of living matter at each trophic level
• Why is there more biomass in the lower trophic levels and less biomass in the higher trophic levels?
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Energy Pyramid
• Shows trophic (feeding) levels and energy available to each level– 10% energy gets passed to
each level – 90% energy lost
(living/respiration)
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Example:Fill in the levels of the food chain with the energy passed on.
10,000 J of energy
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Example: Fill in the levels of the food chain with the energy passed on.
750,000 J of energy
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While transferring energy what else can be transferred??
. . .
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Bioaccumulation vs. Biomagnification
• Bioaccumulation = the accumulation of a contaminant or toxin in or on an organism from all sources (e.g., food, water, air)– accumulate in living things and stored faster
than they are broken down or excreted• Biomagnification = the increase in
concentration of toxin as it passes through each level of the food web
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What affect does _____ have on
biomagnification?Life SpanTrophic Level
Lactation
Write. Share. SHARE!
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Example:• DDT: a pesticide used for mosquito and pest control
• In animals DDT is metabolized to DDE, which is stored in fatty tissues and is insoluble in water.
• Banned in U.S.A. in 1972
• Damage from DDT: reproductive failure (birds have thinning eggshells), immune system problems, nervous system damage, death
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Biomagnification of a DDE in Aquatic Environment
Tertiary Consumer 3-76 µg/g ww
(fish eating birds)
Level Amount of DDE in Tissue
Secondary Consumers 1-2 µg/g ww
(large fish)
Primary Consumers
(small fish)0.2-1.2 µg/g ww
Primary Producers
(algae and aquatic plants)0.04 µg/g ww
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What does this mean for us?
Watch where your food comes from!
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Practice!• Use the following information to construct a food web in a meadow ecosystem:
• Red foxes feed on raccoons, crayfishes, grasshoppers, red clover, meadow voles, and gray squirrels
• Red clover is eaten by grasshoppers, muskrats, red foxed, and meadow voles
• Meadow voles, gray squirrels, and raccoons all eat parts of the white oak tree
• Crayfishes feed on green algae and detritus, and they are eaten by muskrats and red foxes.
• Raccoons feed on muskrats, meadow voles, gray squirrels, and white oak trees.
• Identify all of the herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and detritivores in the food web.
• Describe how the muskrats would be affected if disease kills the white oak trees.
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