Kingdom FungiFungi DO NOT _____________. Fungi are __________ (_________) that feed on organic matter by releasing digestive __________ into their surroundings, then absorbing the nutrients into their cells; this is called _______________________.

Fungi are composed of __________ cells that may be ________ (yeasts), but the majority are ____________ (moulds and mushrooms). Fungal cells have a _________ composed of ________ (carbohydrate).

Fungi can reproduce _________ and __________ but will always produce ______. Spores are the main means for reproduction employed by fungi.

The spores that are produced by fungi may be asexual (produced

by ______) or sexual (produced by ________). Spores have a protective outer coating that prevents them from ______. Fungi will produces spores in the __________, which like seeds can spread by _____, ______ or on the _______________. If a spore finds a suitable _____________ it can grow into a new organism.

If a fungal spore germinates, it produces _______, which are a network of fine _______. Hyphae are the main part of the fungi and are found under the ground; a group of hyphae are referred to as a __________. If a piece of hypahe is ___________ it will grow into a new _________. This is a type of asexual reproduction referred to as ___________________.

Fungi can be harmful and cause _________ in humans (_________________), plants and animals. Fungi are also very important to __________ because of their role as __________. Fungi form many _______ relationships:

Plant Roots (form myccorhizae) The fungal hyphae help the plant absorb _______ –

increase the _____________ The plant shares its ____________ and _____________

Cyanobacteria or Green Algae (form lichens) Fungal mycelia provide ______________ and ____________

and _________ to the autotrophic partner The autotrophic partner shares _________________ Important _________ organism for __________________

Classifying Fungi

1. Zygospore Fungi (Zygomycotes)

This group includes ___________. During sexual reproduction they form ___________ after the mating of two opposite strains of ______ (mating strains + and -). Some of these fungi produce two kinds of hyphae, _______ (horizontal) and _______ (downward) that anchor and secrete digestive enzymes.

2. Club Fungi (Basidiomycotes)

This group includes the ______________ that grow on lawns. These have short lived reproductive structures called ____________ (fruiting bodies) that form ____________ on a structure called ________. The largest part of the club fungus is a vast, sprawling network of hyphae that spread _______________.

3. Sac Fungi (Ascomycotes)

This is the _______ group of fungi and includes _____ and single-celled _____. Sac fungi form small finger-like sacs called _____ during sexual reproduction that contain spores (____________).

4. Imperfect Fungi (Deuteromycotes)

Do not appear to have a _______ phase. They develop asexually from spores called _________.Many of these fungi produce __________ (penicillin and cyclosporin) or are used in the production of __________ (soy sauce and cheese).