Introduction to History 125& The World of AD 1300

Week 1

Overview

• Syllabus• Introduction to History/World History • The World of AD 1300– What were world societies like?– Afro-Eurasia and the 4 Spheres– Globalization

• Homework: Primary Source Response:– Due 11:59 PM, February 4, 2017

Introduction to History

• What is “history”?• “Inquiry”– Herodotus, the Father of

History• Narrative• Texts• Primary sources vs.

secondary sources

THE WORLD OF AD 1300

The World of AD 1300• Society

– Stratified– Hierarchical– Patriarchal – Agricultural

• Politics– Dynasty– Decentralized– Feudalism

• Vassal • Knight, Samurai • Lord, Daimyo• Chivalry, Bushido

Feudalism

The World of AD 1300• Religion– Al-Ghazali (1085-1111)– Averroës (1126-1198)– Zhu Xi (1130-1200)– Peter Abelard (1079-

1142)– St. Thomas Aquinas

(1224-1274)• Education– Bologna– Cordoba– Timbuktu

Andrea di Buonaiuto, The Triumph of St. Thomas Aquinas, c. 1365

Afro-Eurasia

• 4 Spheres– China– India– Islam– Europe

Chinese Sphere

Chinese Sphere• “Middle Kingdom”• Emperor• Bureaucracy

– Examination System• Taxes• Aristocracy • Neighbors • Grand Canal• Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368)

– Kublai Khan Humpback Bridge at Suzhou

Indian Sphere

India• Geography• Diverse• Religion

– Hinduism• Caste System• Rajas• Delhi Sultanate (1206-

1526)– Turks– Ala-ud-din, Khalji Dynasty

(r. 1290-1316)

Khajuraho Temples, c. AD 1000

Islamic Sphere

Islam• Sunni & Shiite

– Sufism • Arab• Government

– Caliph– Sultans & Emirs

• Dhimma System– Jizya

• Trade– Sakk

• Empires– Ottoman Empire – Safavid Empire – India

Islamic Empires

European Sphere

Europe

• Invasions • Christianity– Western/Latin &

Eastern/Orthodox• Government– Rome– Charlemagne (768-814)– Holy Roman Empire– Pope

• Crusades, 1095-1291• Agriculture and Trade

Innocent III, c. 1219

p293

The First Crusade: The Capture of Jerusalem

13th Century Agriculture

Globalization

• The Mongols– 1206– Temujin (c. 1155 – 1227)

• Genghis/Chinggis Khan– Pax Mongolica

• Silk Road– Marco Polo (1254-1324)– Ibn Battuta (1304-1369)

• Technology– Astrolabe and Compass– Dhow, Junk and Cog

Mongolian Empire

Major Trade NetworksThe East was the center of trade. Luxury Items from here were highly desirable.