week 1 lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

31
Early Soviet Music : Shostakovich Symphony 14

Upload: heatherseelbach

Post on 18-Nov-2014

120 views

Category:

Documents


1 download

DESCRIPTION

 

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Early  Soviet  Music  :  Shostakovich  Symphony  

1-­‐4  

Page 2: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Soviet  Policy  

Ê  Dominated  whole  of  Russian  Society  –  including  the  arts.  

Ê  However  in  early  years  artists  operated  with  some  degree  of  freedom.    Until  death  of  Lenin  and  rise  of  Stalin.    

Ê  Lunacharscky  –  Appointed  by  Lenin  to  lead  artists  then  still  in  Russia    –  Chagall  (Modernist  avant  guard  until  1922),  Kandinsky  (returned  to  Germany  1921)  ,  Meyerhold.    

Ê  Gradual  burearocratization  of  culture  including  music.  Avante  guarde  increasingly  abandoned  Russia.    Stalin  hated  it.    

Ê  NARCOMPROS-­‐  People’s  Commissariat  of  Public  Education.    All  publishing  in  their  hands  –  but  tolerant  at  first.      

Page 3: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

The  Bolshevik  (1920)  Boris  Kustodiev    

Page 4: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Poster  Art  and  Photo  Montage  

Page 5: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Meyehold  biomechanics  –  movement  for  actors.    The  new  Soviet  man  -­‐    

1000  #FF577A  

Page 6: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Agitprop  poster  by  Mayakovsky  

1000  #FF577A  

Page 7: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

prolelkult  

Ê  Wanted  to  get  rid  of  all  bourgeois  culture  –  instead  develop  new  proletarian  culture  –  ideas  of  Bogdanov.    

Ê  Art  should  be  a  form  of  collective  culture.    Wanted  to  get  rid  of  all  forms  of  elite  culture.    Artistically  a  flop.    

Ê  Studios  and  workshops  –  to  help  workers  join  in  creative  process.    

Ê  In  music  –  revolutionary  hymns  and  choral  singing.    Also  approved  forms  of  folk  music.    

Ê  For  Lenin  –  art  and  music/culture  subordinate  to  politics.    

Page 8: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Avant  guard  in  Russia    

Ê  Welcomed  revolution  –  e.g.  Futurist  poet  –  Mayakovsky  ‘bard  of  the  revolution’.    

Ê  Meyerhold’s  biomechanics  in  the  theatre.    Rhythmic  movement  –  in  sports  parades.    

Ê  Nationalisation  of  theatres.  

Ê   Then  orchestras  –  music  schools    -­‐  all  under  glavrepertkom  –  Narkompros  took  over  conservatories.    Glazunov  stayed  and  tried  to  hold  back  bureuacratisation.    

Ê  All  arts  under  the  state.    The  private  life  is  dead.    

Page 9: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Shostakovich  Symphony  no.1  –  1924-­‐5  

Ê  Written  as  19  year  old.    Graduation  exercise  from  Leningrad  Conservatoire.    Parallels  with  Prokofiev’s  ‘Classical’  of  1918.  

Ê  Instant  international  success.    

Ê  Uses  Sonata  Form.    

Ê  Famous  premier  12  May  1926  in  the  Great  Hall  of  Leningrad  Philharmonic,  event  celebrated  by  Shostakovich  for  the  rest  of  his  life.    

Ê  Taken  up  by  Walter  in  Berlin  (1927);  Stokowski  and  Toscanini  in  America  (128,  1931).      

Ê  A  sensational  success.    It  made  him  famous  from  them  on  and  identified  as  the  face  of  Soviet  Music.    

Page 10: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Young  Shostakovich  (1906-­‐1975  

Ê  Parents  –  Siberian/Polish.    In  sympathy  with  revolution  at  least  at  first.  

Ê  Father  and  engineer  living  in  St  Petersburg.  

Ê  Mother  musical  and  taught  him  piano  –  but  quite  late.  

Ê  By  12  playing  Bach’s  Preludes  and  Fugues.    A  prodigy  –  fantastic  memory.    

Ê  Petrograd  conservatory  at  13  (1919).    Under  Glasunov  with  Nikolayev  as  piano  teacher    

Ê  Father  dies  in  1922  –  then  supports  mother  by  playing  piano  for  silent  films    

Ê  Failed  his  exam  in  Marxists  methodology  in  1926  

Ê  A  few  minor  pieces  before  first  symphony  (graduation  piece).  1926  

Page 11: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

2  ideas  –  Trumpet  solo  and  bassoon  solo  

Ê  Rhythmic  idea.  

Ê  But  also  the  notes.    

Page 12: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

First  mvt  start  

Page 13: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy
Page 14: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Page  3  

Page 15: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

More  page  3    

Page 16: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy
Page 17: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy
Page 18: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy
Page 19: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Clarinet  Tune  

Page 20: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Clarinet  solo  

Page 21: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy
Page 22: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

P.10  Flute  Solo  

Page 23: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

p,.24  recap  

Page 24: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

More  recap  p.25  

Page 25: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

p.32  coda  

Page 26: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Video  

Page 27: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Importance  

Ê  Russian  Symphonic  tradition  in  abeyance  –  Many  composers  had  left  by  1917  (Rachmaninoff,  Stravinsky,  Prokofiev,  etc).  

Ê  Of  those  who  stayed  few  composed  symphonies  –  Glazunov,  Gliere  –  but  concentrated  on  pedagogical  works.  

Ê  Caught  the  spirit  of  the  age  of  silent  film,  -­‐  juggling  of  genre  –  marches,  waltzes,  galops,  etc.    

Ê  Balance  of  academic  writing  and  spirited  playfulness  –  witty  and  boisterous.  

Ê  Influence  of  Petruska,  -­‐  reckless  transformations,  commedia  dell’arte  crowds.  Music  Hall,  -­‐  but  all  material  is  Shostakovich’s  own.    

Page 28: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Mvt  2  

Page 29: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Mvt  3    

Page 30: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Mvt  4    

Page 31: Week 1  lecture 2 early soviet music shostavovich 1 copy

Mvt  4  Allegro