week 10_culture, communication and conflict presentation
TRANSCRIPT
CULTURE, COMMUNICATION
AND CONFLICTNguyen Duc Hanh – s3312619Tran Thi Phuc Thuan – s3160796
Lecturer: Duong Trong Hue
Table of Contents• Characteristics of Intercultural Conflict• Conflict Types • Cultural Influences on Conflict Management• Managing Intercultural Conflict
Characteristics of Intercultural Conflict
• Language Issues• Ambiguity• Contradictory Conflict Styles
Types of Conflict
• Affective conflict• Conflict of interest• Value conflict• Cognitive conflict• Goal conflict
Types of Conflict
• Affective conflict: people become aware that their feelings and emotions are incompatible
• Conflict of interest: people have incompatible preferences for a course of action or plan to pursue
• Value conflict: occur when people have different ideologies
• Cognitive conflict: two or more people become aware that their perceptions are in conflict
• Goal conflict: people have different outcomes(Martin & Nakayama 2008)
Cultural Influences on Conflict Management
• Family influences• Gender, Ethnicity and Conflict• Religion and Conflict• Value Differences • Differences of Conflict Styles between individualists and
collectivists:
(Rahim 1986)
Cultural Influences on Conflict Management (cont.)
• Direct and Indirect Conflict Approaches
Direct Indirect
- Conflicts are fundamentally good for
relationships deal with it directly
- Concentrate on using precise language- Objective: to select the best solution
- Conflicts are destructive for
relationships avoid or deal with it indirectly- Concentrate on the meaning that apart from verbal message- Objective: maintaining the relationships during disagreement
Cultural Influences on Conflict Management (cont.)
• Emotional expressiveness/ Restrain Conflict Style
Emotionally expressive style Restrain style
- It is better to show emotion during disagreement- Show emotion through expressive nonverbal behavior- Credibility is based on the ability to be expressive
- Disagreements are best discussed in an emotionally calm manner- Avoid nonverbal emotion
- Credibility is demonstrated by maintaining tight control over one’s emotions
Managing Intercultural Conflict
• Productive vs. Destructive Conflict
Productive Conflict Destructive Conflict
- Identify the specific problem- Focus on the original issue- Cooperative problem solving- Value leadership that stresses mutually satisfactory outcomes
- Make sweeping generalizations- Escalate the issues- Seize power - Value leaders who polarize
Managing Intercultural Conflict (cont.)
• Competitive vs. Cooperative conflict- competitive atmosphere poor communication- cooperative atmosphere open communication
Once conflicts started to escalate, it is more difficult to turn a competitive into a cooperative relationship
References• ‘BF’ 2012, The Abbys World, image, 20 January, viewed 24 April 2012,
<http://www.theabbysworld.com/2012/01/open-discussion-readers-question-is-my.html>.
• ‘Conflict’ 2012, The medical student, image, 8 February, viewed 25 April 2012, <http://medic-student.blogspot.com/2012/02/conflict.html >.
• ‘Forever alone’ 2012, Forever Alone comics, image, viewed 24 April 2012, <http://foreveralonecomic.com/post/1584120396/forever-alone-comic-poker-face>.
• ‘Jennifer Lopez’ 2011, bluemelody, image, viewed 24 April 2012, <http://www.bluemelodyvn.com/phuongthaongocle/begin.php?mode=tintuc_id&id=3660&id_chinh=71>.
• ‘Male dominated culture’ 2012, Nedmartin, image, viewed 24 April 2012, < http://nedmartin.org/v3/amused/male-dominated-culture>.
• Martin J & Nakayama T 2008, ‘Culture, communication & conflict’ in Experiencing intercultural communication: An introduction, 3rd Edn, McGraw-Hill, USA, pp. 209-234.
References (cont.)
• Martin J & Nakayama T 2010, Intercultural Communication in Contexts, 8th edn, McGraw Hill, NY.
• Medin, D L 2006, ‘Culture and Resource Conflict: Why Meanings Matter’, Amazon, viewed 25 April 2012, <http://www.amazon.com/Culture-Resource-Conflict-Meanings-Matter/dp/0871545705>.
• Rahim, A 1986, ‘A measure of styles of handling interpersonal conflict’, Academy of management journal, vol. 26, no. 2, pp.368-376.
• Samovar, L, Porter, R & McDaniel, E 2009, Intercultural Communication: A reader, Wadsworth, MA.
• Samovar, L, Porter, R & McDaniel, E 2010, Communication between cultures, Wadsworth, MA.
• ‘SNSD’ 2010, 24h, image, viewed 24 April 2012, <http://hn.24h.com.vn/ca-nhac-mtv/snsd-khoe-chan-dai-mien-man-c73a299543.html>.
• ‘Ugly truth’ 2009, Impawards, image, viewed 24 April 2012, <http://www.impawards.com/2009/ugly_truth.html>.