week 15 lecture, 20th century
TRANSCRIPT
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Contemporary Issues
1990 - 2003
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1990 - 2003: Art Reflects on its History
• Intentional historicism• Return to traditional art forms• Revisionist approach (identity politics,
questioning tenets of modernism)
Sir Godfrey Kneller, Portrait of Major General Joseph Sabine, ca. 1700
YinkaShonibareUntitled1997
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Term Presentation
Pastiche
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Race and its Representation
• Shifting notions of the politics of identity
• From essentialist and positive notions of identity (blackness, femininity, etc) to identity as a social construction
• Complicates identity so that it cannot be easily categorized or stereotyped
• Uses critique of documentary forms of racial representation, personal testimonies, ambiguous narratives, past art forms
• Photo-conceptualism
Adrian Piper, from The Mythic Being series1972-76
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Portraits of Family Life
Carrie Mae Weems, from the Kitchen Table Series, 1990
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pPDInpNoO50
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Portraits of Community
Roy DeCarava, from The Sweet Flypaper of Life, 1955
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Lorna Simpson, Waterbearer, 1986
Subversive Beauty: Troubling Typologies of Black Identity
Vermeer, Young Woman with a Water Jug, 1665
Ellen Gallagher, Mr. Terrific from the DeLuxe series, 2005
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The Politics of Identity: The Stereotypical Grotesque
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nu8a7E4fhig
Dave Chappelle, Tyrone Biggums: Red Balls
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Kara Walker, Camptown Ladies, 1998
The Politics of Identity: The Stereotypical Grotesque
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• Black-paper cutout silhouettes & projections on white gallery and museum walls
• Inspired by fantasies of ante-Bellum South
• Extreme caricatures of Black slaves & slave-owners
• Depicts graphic subjects (sex, violence)
• Revision of older art forms, the silhouette & the cyclorama
Kara Walker, Camptown Ladies, 1998
The Politics of Identity: The Stereotypical Grotesque
http://video.pbs.org/video/1237715781/
Silhouette of GeorgeAnd Martha Washington
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The Politics of Identity: The Stereotypical Grotesque
Gettysburg Cyclorama
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Term Presentation
The Abject
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Disegno (Drawing) vs. Colorito (Color)
Michelangelo, Madonna and ChildGiorgione, The Tempest
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The Odalisque: Challenging Disegno
IngresDelacroix
RenoirMatisse
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The Matrix (grid): Abstracting the Object
The Grapheme: Abstracting the Subject
Drawing in the 20th Century
Erasure: Abstracting Time
Mondrian
Pollock
Kentridge
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Drawing & Time: From Deskilling to Re-skilling
• Short film of animated charcoal drawings using erasure and stop-shoot technique
• Felix in Exile (1994) one of many “drawings for projection”
• Recurring characters & love triangle among Soho Ekstein (a mine-owner/capitalist), Felix Teitelbaum (an artist/self-portrait?), Mrs. Ekstein (wife of Ekstein)
• Setting is Paris hotel room, Felix gazing into mirror at Nandi, a South African surveyor, looking back at him
• The gaze• Apartheid ended in 1994
William Kentridge, from Felix in Exile, 1994
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William KentridgeFelix in Exile
1994
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pk5tPkqQoL0
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Term Presentation
Palimpsest
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Palimpsest
• Linear overlay of forms
• Ancient process
• Allegory of memory, time, history
• Kentridge’s work a meditation on the fate of handicraft?
• Drawing as obsolete among new technologies
Ruffignac cave drawingsca. 14,000 BCE
Robert RauschenbergErased de Kooning1953
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New Media
• Minimalism & the “expanded field”
• Extended into film and video installations
• Made possible by technological advances in ’80s (projectors, etc)
• Emphasis on viewer’s perception of the work in context (spectatorship), ultimately subjective
• Reflects back on the viewer’s own body (sensations) immersed in a image-sound space
• In many cases, activating (through movement and sound) traditional art & its subject matter (ecstasy, conversion)
• Spiritual & religious meanings suggested by Viola’s work
• Uses elements (fire, water) as allegories of transformation
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fHqhaH6m9pY
Bill Viola, The Crossing, 1996
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-4498864086957786589#
Viola, Reflecting Pool, 1977-79
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Term Presentation
The Sublime
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1jkoMfPa40
Douglas Gordon, 24 Hour Psycho (clip)
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Pictorial Photography
Henry Peach Robinson, Fading Away, 1858, Albumen print
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• Digital manipulation of photograph recalls mid-19th century pictorial photography
• Large color transparencies set in light boxes
• Shift away from documentary photography
• Questions the veracity of the image
• Interest in pictorial composition, size & narrative aligns it with the history of figurative painting
• To restore or make whole again the fractured image (broken up in collage, photomontage) in avant-garde art by returning to birth of avant-garde (Manet) & photography (mid-19th century)
• Shows homeless native Canadians in home town of Vancouver
The Photographer of Modern Life
Jeff Wall, Storyteller, 1986
Manet, Luncheon on
the Grass1863
“a transgression against the institution of transgression” – Wall
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Art of the 21st Century