Crisis & Response

1904 - 1914

Part 2 1905-1914

Marxist

Socialist-Revolutionaries

Populists (people)

Bolsheviks

Liberals

This week we continue with Crisis and Response, focusing on part 2 1905-1915 highlighting:

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~ Reformist and Revolutionary Groups !

~ The Dumas

Reformist & Revolutionary Groups

Populists (Narodniks)

Socialist Revolutionaries (SRs)

Social Democratic Worker’s Party (SDs)

Bolsheviks (SDs)

Bolsheviks !

Valdimir Lenin

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Bolsheviks = Majority Total membership was 8,400 in 1905, 13,000 in 1906 and 46,100 by 1907 (8,400, 18,000, 38,200

respectively for the Mensheviks) Lenin wanted members "who recognise the Party Programme and support it by material means[6]

and by personal participation in one of the party's organisations." !

Lenin advocated limiting party membership to a smaller core of active members, as opposed to "card carriers" who might only be active in party branches from time to time or not at all. This active base would develop the cadre, a core of "professional revolutionaries", consisting of loyal

communists who would spend most of their time organising the party toward a mass revolutionary party capable of leading a workers' revolution against the Tsarist autocracy.

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Mensheviks (SDs)

Octobrists (Liberal)

Kadets - Constitutional Democrats (Liberal)

The Dumas

Similar to a constitution

A document to represent the people

The people eligible to vote however were a selected few with 60% of urban workers being ineligible

With the resignation of Witte (replaced by Stolypin) however, much of the progress made was counter-acted

“I created the Duma, not to be directed by it, but to be advised” Tsar

Fundamental Laws

Not a constitution still an Autocracy

Tsar supreme power

Duma little influence

First Duma April-July1906 Address to the Throne ‘rights of the people -

Rejected by Nicholas

Second Duma February-June 1907 More radical than before non acceptance of land

proposals - closure of Duma

Third Duma November 1907- June 1912 Stolypin reduced voting rights out of session leaving only

Tsar supportive members

Fourth Duma November 1912 - August 1914 Assassination of Stolypin

Massive strikes by workers

Possible Example Exam Questions where this material

could be useful?

Agree? Disagree?

What are other Historian opinions on this?

Source: Reinventing Russia