week 3:. key (6pts) create a dichotomous key for these shapes: circle, rectangle, hexagon, triangle...
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PLANT STRUCTURESWeek 3:
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TUESDAY QUIZKey (6pts) Create a dichotomous key for these shapes: circle, rectangle, hexagon, triangle Leaf Morphology (4pts) 1. This type of leaf has several blades per
axillary bud. (simple/compound) 2. The space between nodes is described as
this. (alternate/internode/opposite) 3. This term describes leaf margins that are
smooth. (serrate/lobed/entire) 4. This type of venation has a hand-like pattern.
(pinnate/palmate)
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WEDNESDAY QUIZKey (6pts)1. Create a dichotomous key for the following
shapes: ellipse, triangle, rectangle, octagonLeaf Morphology (4pts)2. This type of leaf has one blade per axillary
bud. (simple/compound)3. This term describes feather-like venation
patterns. (palmate/pinnate)4. In terms of leaf attachment to a branch, this
term describes nodes that are offset. (whorled/alternate/opposite)
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THOUGHT FOR THE DAY
Did you know?
Only 4-10% of career success is based on IQ.
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OUTLINE
Stems and Leaves Roots The vascular tissue system
Big Idea: Identify gross anatomy of plant structures.
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STEMS AND LEAVES Plant body is
divided into two parts: root system and shoot system.
The shoot system contains: stems, leaves, and flowers. Stems: alternating
system of nodes (where leaves are attached).
Leaves: primary photosynthetic organ
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STEMS AND LEAVES
I. Stems:
• Many unique characteristics can be used to identify deciduous species in the winter.
• Can determine age and leaf arrangement easily
• Buds are also key in identification
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STEMS AND LEAVES
I. Stems:
• Herbaceous Eudicots:
• Vascular tissue develop in discreet bundles forming a ring at the stem periphery
• Xylem and Phloem separated by fascicular cambium within the bundles
• Separated by the interfascicular cambium between the bundles.
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STEMS AND LEAVES
I. Stems:
• Herbaceous Eudicots:
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STEMS AND LEAVES
I. Stems:
• Monocotyledons:
• Vascular tissue also in discreet bundles, but are either arranged in many rings or randomly scattered in the ground tissue.
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STEMS AND LEAVES
I. Stems:
• Monocotyledons:
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STEMS AND LEAVES
I. Stems:
A. Morphology• Terminal bud
• Leaf scar
• Bundle scars
• Node
• Internode
• Axillary bud
• Lenticels
• Bud scale scar.
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MONOCOT VS DICOT
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STEMS AND LEAVES
Leaf Morphology Lamina: the blade
(or leaf) Petiole (attaches leaf
to stem) or basal sheath (if sessile= without a stalk)
Simple or compound Venation patterns
(pinnate or palmate) Axillary buds (present
at nodes)
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STEMS AND LEAVESSimple vs. Compound Leaves
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STEMS AND LEAVES
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STEMS AND LEAVES
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STEMS AND LEAVES
3 Tissue systems: Dermal (general
function-protection) Vascular (xylem and
phloem, transport and support)
Ground (photosynthesis, storage, and support)
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STEMS AND LEAVES
Modified Leaves: Spines: reduce water
loss and help protect Tendrils: support and
attachment Prickles and thorns:
protection
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STEMS AND LEAVES
Modified Stems: Stems normally grow
above the ground but can be modified for diverse functions.
Vegetative propagation to food storage
Types of modified stems: tubers, stolons, rhizomes, and bulbs
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ROOTS
Primary Root:
Gymnosperms and Eudicots
Taproot gives rise to lateral roots
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ROOTS
Primary Root:
Monocots
Adventitious roots
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ROOTS
• Root Hairs absorb water and minerals
• Roots have large cortex (ground tissue) for storage of starch and other compounds
• The endodermis with casparian strip (impermeable to water) make it necessary for any substance entering the vascular system to enter via the endodermal protoplasts
• Center of the cylinder is filled with primary xylem, while the primary phloem is found between the ridges of xylem
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ROOTS
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ROOTS
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THE VASCULAR TISSUE SYSTEM
Xylem and Phloem:
• Xylem: Carries water up the plant, which is facilitated via transpiration
• Phloem: Food conducting plant tissue
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THE VASCULAR TISSUE SYSTEM
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EXERCISES
Identify all of the structures from your laboratory manual on the plants and slides in the laboratory Pg 36, 40, 42, 44, 46, 47, 48, 50, 52, 61,
63, 66 Make detailed pictures and notes
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ASSIGNMENT
Complete web assignment 2 Study for our next quiz, today’s
material and pages 71-80 in the text. Print off web assignment 3 (if available)