week 4 nothing changes! everything changes! · 2020. 3. 19. · •blackwater •stormwater...
TRANSCRIPT
Week 4Nothing Changes!
Everything Changes!
James Lovelock
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44yiTg7cOVI
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLA-Sn6bi-U
www.HeroicSustainability.com
Heroic Sustainability
Activism
Sustainable Development
Environmental Management
Dual Track 1 – Reality Focus
Incremental
Dual Track 2 – Visionary
Transformation
Speed Reading and Memory
Memory and Forgetting
Speed Reading and Memory
Preview + Review
www.HeroicSustainability.com
Heroic Sustainability
Activism
Sustainable Development
Environmental Management
Dual Track 1 – Reality Focus
Incremental
Dual Track 2 – Visionary
Transformation
Sustainable Transport
3rd Gen EV’s
Electric Car Charging
4th Gen EV’s
5th Gen EV’s
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfV8z2JY_bI
• Why the boring company may work
–1/10 cost of current tunnels (smldiameter + better drilling tech)
–Drilled waste turned into saleable geopolymer bricks https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g9689tikaWE
Infrastructure for micro EV’s
Mass Transit Retrofit
E-bike freeway?
Electric Scooters?
Active living
Tourist dollars?
• https://skyportz.com/
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVD4g8eRKU8
Future tech
• Hyperloops
• Fast rail
• Nuclear tunnelboring
• Drone transport
Nature Category
• Inspiring Case Studies from Green Star buildings
6 Star Green Star Examples - DCC
• Dandiiri Contact Centre (DCC) Zillmere, Queensland
• Office Design V2 Rating: 6 star Green Star rated (92 Points)
• DCC office building of 4686sqm of NLA, is a medium rise development consisting of three storeys and a basement carpark. It is divided into two wings each side of a central core, with open vertical atrium spaces between them.
Dandiiri Contact Centre (DCC) Zillmere, Queensland
• The DCC project meets the ECO-1 conditional requirement in that the development site is not on land of high ecological value; the site is not prime agricultural land and is not land on or within 100m of a natural wetland.
• The DCC project utilises the principal of infill development, and as part of the wider development site area project philosophy of biodiversity, has designed extensive areas of revegetation including a vast tract of regenerated native habitat of approximately 7600m2 DCC Zillmere Case Study for Project Services 16/17 and regenerated drought tolerant native garden areas of approximately 3000m2.
• Species for the regenerative native habitat were selected from regional ecosystem mapping to recreate the type of ecosystem located on the site before it was cleared. Once established, this area will not require irrigation and will rely on naturally occurring rainfall (ECO-4).
• Landscaping is also provided within the two bio-retention/detention basins which are part of the site’s stormwater management system (The stormwater treatment system includes the following elements: grassed conveyance swales, kerb inlets, pipe connections, oil and sediment separators, rainwater and stormwater storage tanks, roof water collection tanks and biofiltration/detention basins.
• Cut and fill requirements are balanced on the DCC development site area and it has been documented there was no importation or exportation of fill or topsoil from the site. (ECO-5)
• Source https://www.hpw.qld.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/DandiiriCaseStudy.pdf
Pixel Building – Carlton Melbourne
• Green Star 6 Star - A perfect 105 points out of 100 was achieved under the Australian Green Building Council’s Green Star rating system.
• Water falling on the Pixel building as rainwater is collected after it has been used to irrigate the native Victoriangrassland species re-introduced in the roof garden.
• The rainwater is stored in tanks before being treatedby reverse osmosis to potable water standard.
• This treated water is distributed to all fixtures and fittingswithin the building
• The resulting grey waste water is then filtered and directed to the living edge reed beds where it is used to irrigate the reeds and plants. Source https://www.sustainability.vic.gov.au/~/media/resources/documents/services%20and%20advice/business/srsb%20eeob/srsb%20eeob%20case%20studies/srsb%20eeob%20case%20study%20pixel.pdf
Global Change Institute –University of Queensland
• 6 Star Green Star Education Design and As-Built ratings
• Air flows across occupied office spaces to the central atrium which acts as the building's lungs, discharging warm air through its thermal chimney.
• The translucent atrium roof optimises natural light to the interior and is also heat-resistant. First building to include structural use cement-free geopolymer precast concrete, significantly reducing the carbon footprint of its construction
• A 60,000 litre rainwater storage tank services the hydronic cooling system, kitchen and shower and optimal natural lighting is supported by environmentally-friendly LED lighting.
• A green wall, bush tucker garden and bio-retention basin breathe life into the building – the thermal chimney draws air past the green wall, which filters and cools the air.
• The hydroponic green wall uses recycled rainwater and has no soil.
• https://gci.uq.edu.au/visit-gcis-living-building
One Central Park- Sydney
• One Central Park was awarded a 5 star Green Star – ‘Multi-Unit Residential Design v1’ Certified Rating
• Over 35,000 green wall plants were utilised within which 350 different species were selected for the green walls alone.
• The building houses 23 green walls, equating to a total area of 1, 200m2.
• In all, 85,000 facade plants make up the vertical gardens of One Central Park.
• Both exotic and Australian native plants have been included to make up the "living wall", ranging from well known species to those that are deemed rare.
• Critical to the success of the vertical gardens was that the plants do not need soil to grow provided they have something to attach to.
• Light, carbon dioxide water and nutrients are dispersed mechanically to the plants in order to stimulate their growth and survival.
• By having the vertical garden hang off the wall without soil is it possible for the plants to grow without compromising the structural integrity of the building.
• Recycled water irrigation – Each horizontal and vertical planter is supported by its own irrigation system which is supplied by the on-site recycled water treatment plant. This system uses treated wastewater, local rainwater and stormwater runoff, and groundwater to provide water that is fit for purpose. The system also monitors the environmental conditions.
• https://watersensitivecities.org.au/one-central-park-vertical-garden/
Further reading One Central Park
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Central_Park
• https://www.tensile.com.au/project/one-central-park/
• https://junglefy.com.au/project/one-central-park/
• https://www.frasersproperty.com.au/media-centre/news/2019/09/19/one-central-park-50-most-influential-buildings
• https://watersensitivecities.org.au/one-central-park-vertical-garden/
Burwood Brickworks -Burwood, Victoria
• 6 Star Green Star Design and As-Built v1.1 (Design Review) rating for completion late 2019
• Frasers Property Australia is aiming to create the world’s most sustainable retail development
• A 200m2 rooftop urban farm to supply food to local cafes
• Frasers is seeking to re-invent the way we think about sustainable, mixed-used developments and food sourcing.
• Mulching excess organic material for compost, implementing ‘closed loop’ water reduction management and limiting food and waste transportation are just some of the measures that will be employed on the rooftop to lessen the ecological footprint.
• Living Building Challenge requirements include: the building must have a net zero carbon footprint, produce more electricity than it consumes, grow agriculture on 20 percent of the site, and prove net water and waste positive.
• Source https://www.frasersproperty.com.au/media-centre/news/2018/02/12/joost-bakker-to-unveil-ultra-green-development-plans-in-burwood
• Source https://concreteplayground.com/melbourne/design-style/burwood-brickworks-acre-farm
Carlton Housing Redevelopment - Melbourne• Uncertified nine-stage 7.4
hectare urban renewal and community development project
• When completed, the project will deliver 246 new public housing units and 847 private sale apartments
• Community gardens provide a focus for the community to meet, make connections, meet neighbours and grow supplementary food
Carlton Housing
• Solar hot water, heating and electricity
• Drought and flood tolerant landscaping
• Bicycle parking for residents and visitors
• NON-TOXIC materials
• Waste recycling bins
• Environmentally friendly materials, fixtures and fittings were selected which should reduce household energy and water use.
• 7 & 8 star energy ratings
• double glazed windows
• naturally ventilated apartments, corridors and car parks
• recycled water for toilet flushing
• rainwater tanks
Urban Agriculture
Farmscrapers?
http://www.footprintnetwork.org/images/uploads/National_Footprint_Ac
counts_Method_Paper_2010.pdf
Aquaponics system
Aquaponics
Back Yard Aquaponics
• https://www.murrayhallam.com/products/explore-aquaponics/categories/153724/posts/456886 4:00
• https://www.murrayhallam.com/products/explore-aquaponics/categories/167820/posts/504980 1:14:36 or
Commercial Aquaponics
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqjHT8MFSow
Sundrop farms = farming by environmental engineers
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUWdtwYh96c
• https://www.sundropfarms.com/
Harcrest
Docklands
Speed Reading and Memory
Memory and Forgetting
Speed Reading and Memory
Preview + Review
Urban Water
• Integrated Water Cycle Management
• Water Sensitive Urban Design
Residential Water Use
Kitchen
9%
Bathroom
19%
Laundry
12%
Toilet
15%
Outdoor
45%
Source: ABS 2004 – Environmental Issues and Trends
Melbourne’s Water Storages
Source: Melbourne Water 2009
Perth Water Storage and primate mange
http://agriculture.vic.gov.au/agriculture/farm-management/weather-and-climate/understanding-
weather-and-climate/the-climatedogs-the-four-drivers-that-influence-victorias-climate
• 5 Climate Dogs
Climate Analogues
Climate Analogues:
Cootamundra, Wangaratta, Corowa,
Wagga Wagga, Parkes, Forbes, Esperance, Mudgee, Cowra
Source: CSIRO and Bureau of Meteorology, Climate Change in Australia website, cited 02/10/2015
Climate Analogues
Climate Analogues:
Caboolture, Brisbane, Yeppoon, Atherton, Grafton, Casino, Hervey Bay, Lismore
Source: CSIRO and Bureau of Meteorology, Climate Change in Australia website, cited 02/10/2015
Rainfall vs Temperature
The 2010-2011
floods cost the
Australian
economy at least
A$10 billion
(0.6% GDP)
The effects of climate change could cost the world between 5% and 20% of gross domestic product. The Stern Review on the Impact of Global Warming on the Economy
Climate Analogues
Climate Analogues:
Caboolture, Brisbane, Yeppoon, Atherton, Grafton, Casino, Hervey Bay, Lismore
Source: CSIRO and Bureau of Meteorology, Climate Change in Australia website, cited 02/10/2015
Your Turn –
Google CSIRO
Climate
Analogueshttp://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au
/en/climate-projections/climate-
analogues/analogues-explorer/
Traditional urban water use
500 sqm
Inflow (P)
Outflow (A)
First Flush (A)
Rainfall (A)
Inflow (P)
Ou
tle
t (P
)
Inflow (A)
Outflow (A)
Inflow (P)
Outflow(A)
Inflow (A)
Inflow (A)
Outflow (A)Inflow (A)
Reticulated Potable
Water - inSewerage - out Stormwater - out
Rainfall
Irrigation Toilet Basins
Appliances
Roof
Catchment
Use Water
Efficiently
Treat andRecycle
Captureand store
water
Water Neutral
https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=219&v=lCOHRCZOM6Y
Natural Systems – Store and purify
Greening water Infrastructure
• Shift to Integrated Water Cycle Management
• Green Building Hydraulics
• Evolving sophistication
Charles Sturt University, Albury NSW
Trends in stormwater and the emergence of WSUD
• Preferred Civil Engineering Practice
• Move From Grey to Green Infrastructure
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_DTnOzYTR4
Alternative Water Source
• What is an AWR?
• Bore Water / Bulk (irrigation) Water
• Rainwater Tanks
• Greywater Treatment / Reuse
• Blackwater Treatment and recycling
• Stormwater capture and reuse including mechanical or wetland (WSUD) treatment
• Seawater Desalination
• Sewer mining
• Fire Testing Water Recycling
• Dry Composting
• Cooling Tower Dilution Water / HVAC Condensate
• Solar Stills
• Groundwater Desalination
Water Saving Opportunities
• Efficiency,
• Rainwater
• Greywater
• Blackwater
• Stormwater
• Condensate
• Fire Testing
• Draindowns
• Potable Drinking Water•Kitchen and basin taps
•Contact Water•Showers
•Non-potable water•Toilets &Urinals
•Process Water•Heat Rejection•Fire Fighting
•Irrigation Water
T
r
e
a
t
m
e
n
t
s
• Typical 4 Star Building
Rainwater Capture
500 sqm
Inflow (P)
Outflow (A)
First Flush (A)
Rainfall (A)
Inflow (P)
Outlet (P
)
Inflow (A)
Outflow (A)
Inflow (P)
Outflow(A)
Inflow (A)
Inflow (A)
Outflow (A)
Inflow (A)
Reticulated Potable
Water - reducedSewerage - out Stormwater -
reduced
Rainfall
Irrigation
ToiletBasins
Appliances
Roof
Catchment
2,000 LTopup (A)
Inflow (P) Overflow (A)
Outflow (P)
Rainwater
tank
• Rainwater- is water that has fallen as rain containing little dissolved mineral matter.
• Greywater- is wastewater generated from domestic activities such as laundry and bathing which can be recycled for on-site use such as toilet flushing or irrigation.
• Blackwater – is wastewater generated from toilet sytemswhich can be recycled for some non-potable uses if heavily treated
• Stormwater- is water generated from rain or snowmelts that falls on impervious surfaces and enters the stormwater system.
Definitions
Source: www.blueplanet.nsw.edu.au
Exercise – Water Uses and Sources
• List all water uses in a building
• List the lowest safe water quality to be used
• List where this water could come from
• List what treatment may be required
Water Use Required Quality Water Source Treatment Required
Water Quality
• Water quality requirements will be highly dependent on the intended end-use of the water.
WATER SOURCE QUALITY TREATMENT REQUIRED
Potable mains water
Reticulated (pipes) water distribution
High quality Low requirements. End user filtration in areas of poor palatability.
Roof run-off From roof during rain, generally stored in rainwater tank
Reasonable quality Low. Sedimentation can occur inside rainwater tanks. Filtration and UV sterilisation preferable if used for drinking or other sensitive uses.
Stormwater run-off
Catchment run-off, including impervious areas like roads pavements
Moderate quality – (however this may vary depending on the region)
Reasonable treatment needed to remove litter and reduce sediment and nutrient loading.
‘Light’ greywater
Shower, bath, bathroom basins
Cleanest wastewater – low pathogens and low organic content
Moderate treatment – required to reduce pathogens and organic content.
Greywater Light greywater, laundry water, including basin and washing machine
Low quality – high organic loading and highly variable depending on how it was used
High level of treatment. High organic loading and highly variable quality.
Blackwater Kitchen, toilet and bidet water
Lowest quality – high levels of pathogens and organics
Advanced treatment and disinfection required.
Connecting it all up
• 5 Star Building
500 sqm
Inflow (P)
Outflow (A)
First Flush (A)
Rainfall (A)
Inflow (P)
Ou
tle
t (P
)
Inflow (A)
Outflow (A)
Inflow (P)
Outflow(A)
Inflow (A)
Inflow (A)
Outflow (A)
Inflow (A)
Reticulated Potable
Water - reduced Sewerage - reducedStormwater -
reduced
Rainfall
WSUD &
Irrigation
ToiletBasins
Appliances
Roof
Catchment
2,000 LTopup (A)
Inflow (P) Overflow (A)
Outflow (P)
Rainwater
tank
Inflow (P)
By-Product (A)Outflow (A)
Overflow (A)0.5 ML/Day
5% By-Product
Advanced
Treatment Plant 200 LTopup
(A)
Inflow
(P)
Overflow
(A)
Outflow
(P)
Water Treatment
Plant
ANZ Centre, Docklands VIC
• Rainwater Harvesting
• Blackwater Recycling
• Recycled water used for irrigation and cooling towers
Risk Management
• Human health risk assessments –perceptions vs. science
Building Water Balance• Water balance
tools
–Spreadsheets
–Software
• Modelling
–Annual
–Monthly water balance
–Daily modelling
Thinking outside the square
Composting toilet block
- Maryborough Education Centre, Victoria
500 sqm
Inflow (P)
Outflow (A)
First Flush (A)
Rainfall (A)
Inflow (P)
Ou
tle
t (P
)
Inflow (A)
Outflow (A)
Inflow (P)
Outflow(A)
Inflow (A)
Inflow (A)
Outflow (A)
Inflow (A)
Reticulated Potable
Water - negligable Sewerage - minimalStormwater
@ pre-development flows
Rainfall
WSUD &
Irrigation
ToiletBasins
Appliances &
Fire testing
Chiller
2,000 LTopup (A)
Inflow (P) Overflow (A)
Outflow (P)
Rainwater
tank
Inflow (P)
By-Product (A)Outflow (A)
Overflow (A)0.5 ML/Day
5% By-Product
Advanced
Treatment Plant 200 LTopup
(A)
Inflow
(P)
Overflow
(A)
Outflow
(P)
Water Treatment
Plant200,000 L
Topup (A)
Inflow (P) Overflow (A)
Outflow (P)
Inflow (A)
Outflow (A)
Stormwater
Detention
• Green Building
Integrated Water Management
Bendigo Bank headquarters
Water Saving OptionsStormwaterHarvesting
Water Recycling
Water Sensitive
Urban design
Water Efficiency
Leakage Reduction
BehaviourChange
Rainwater Tanks
Advanced water treatment tech
Aquaponics and irrigation
Holistic planned animal management
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q7pI7IYaJLI
Week 5
• Environmental Management
• Green Wash
• ISO14001
Beware who you believe
Quick Greenwash Guide
Orwellian Doublespeakhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oe64p-QzhNE
Vs.
Follow the frog
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3iIkOi3srLo&t=6s
On Villains and Heroes ‘investing’ (Cash on and under the table)
Intergenerational warfare
Hy Brazil is not sinking
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rY-HOYTz-rs
AI & Social Media Bots
Environmental Requirements
• ISO14001• Environmental audit
of construction activities
• Green Buildings• Building Certification,
including construction
process!
Risks
• VIC Environmental Legislation Penalties
! Organisation = $1,000,000 fine
! Individual = $250,000 and/or 7 yrs
imprisonment
Do Not Pass Go, Do not collect $200
Reporting contributes to risk management
• Environmental compliance
• Reduce exposure to regulatory risks
• Trial by media!
ISO14001
Due Dilligance
Interface Carpets
STORMWATER flood management
Potential overlapping volume management design objectives (ARR 2016 figure 9.4.1.)
http://book.arr.org.au.s3-website-ap-
southeast-2.amazonaws.com/
Harvest or Infiltrate Rainwater or Stormwater
• Maintain waterway stability and reduce scour
• Maintain groundwater behaviour
• Maintain hydrologic behaviour including natural runoff regimes
• Increase volume of water stored in an aquifer
• Increased availability of water for harvesting and use
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuRvw3WQDkc
Source Control of Stormwater
• An ‘at source’ management strategy: This employs small facilities, widely distributed across the catchment, many of which will only service a small catchment or single property.
• Strategies of this type are most commonly part of a more comprehensive and integrated urban water strategy.
Forested vs Urban catchments
Business as usual will deliver this…..
Business as usual …..Underperforming Asphalt
Source: AKing
WSUD Policy
• Protecting the receivingnatural water environment• Enhancing stormwaterrun-off water quality• Reducing run-off andpeak flows• Enhancing amenity sitevalue, while minimisingdevelopment costs• Reintegrating water features within urban landscapes
Infiltration
Source: www.blueplanet.nsw.edu.au
Change to hydrographpre and post development
Typical storm flow hydrograph pre and post development (after Wong et al 2011).
WSUD PolicyManage demand for new and improved drainage systems
Investigate planning controls and market-based tools to alleviate impact of urban consolidation and infill development on existing drainage infrastructure
Why – The Bay (youtube adds warning)? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4SdmeoV6V0I
Bowden Urban Village Source: Water Sensitive SA Kirkcaldy Avenue, Grange Source: Baden Myers
Stormwater runoff quantity and flood management
Detention Policy – drain connection permit
http://insitewater.com.au
• Use to calculate water quality and savings
• Retention, detention, water tank sizing
• Encourages ARR 2016 Compliant engineering
OSD Methods
Infiltration
Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD)
Treating Stormwater
• Protecting Natural Systems
• Reducing Peak Flows
• Removing Litter and Pollutants
• Add value & minimise drainage costs
Koolamara Waters
• Captures and filters water through a biological or porous medium to remove nutrients and other pollutants
• Raingardens, bioswales, trenches, etc.
Bioretention
Raingardens• Diverse install methods suitable for all
developments
• Size approx. 2-5% of treatment area
• Treat directly from downpipes, paved areas, driveways etc.
Above GroundIn-Ground
RaingardensPathway, road & car-park treatment
Arboretum Carpark - Dorset Rd, Ferntree Gully
Raingardens
Knox Council Civic Centre - Burwood Highway, Wantirna
South
My Country by Dorothea
McKellar• I love a sunburnt country, a land of sweeping
plains,
• Of ragged mountain ranges, of droughts and
flooding rains.
• I love her far horizons,
• I love her jewel-sea,
• Her beauty and her terror- the wide brown land
for me!
Bio filtration
• In depth
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GzqCU_ga7wc&index=5&list=PLqacRwhlhmOwKdRnmtIVEsRnBPQ0ph4eu
• Guidelines:
http://www.melbournewater.com.au/raingardens
Raingardens
Construction
Swales & BioSwales
• A channel conveying water from one point to another.
• Facilitates infiltration into soil.
• Removes pollutants & sediment.
Aquifer storage & Recovery
• Reduces evaporation
• Low environmental impact (compared to dams)
• May have net water loss or gain (hydrogeology is complex!)
Drought tolerant landscaping is an excellent way to save water in the garden. This can include plant selection, mulch, maintaining healthy soil and installing an efficient watering system.
Landscaping
Did you know the average Victorian family
uses 20% of their drinking water in the
garden?
Source: www.californiagardens.com
Source: www.yelp.com
• Miminise hard surface area
• Concrete pavers, ashphalt
• High pressure hose to clean
• Cost similar or lessthan traditional pavement
Porous Paving
Porous PavingSydney Olympic Park
Wetlands and buffer zones• drainage system directs all roof water
into the wetland in the forecourt
NAB Head Office – Docklands, VIC
More water References
• www.storm.melbournewater.com.au
• www.raingardens.melbournewater.com.au
• www.publish.csiro.au
• www.epa.vic.gov.au/water/stormwater
With the Cattle – Banjo PattersonThe drought is down on field and flock,The river-bed is dry;
And we must shift the starving stockBefore the cattle die.
We muster up with weary heartsAt breaking of the day,
And turn our heads to foreign parts,To take the stock away.
And it’s hunt ’em up and dog ’em,And it’s get the whip and flog ’em,
For it’s weary work is droving when they’re dying every day;By stock-routes bare and eaten,On dusty roads and beaten,
With half a chance to save their lives we take the stock away.
Thankyou ☺
Ian Adams BEng(Env) MIEAust M.AIRAH
www.organicaeng.com.au