week 5 drafting and dimensioning the architectural floor plan
TRANSCRIPT
Week 5
Drafting and Dimensioningthe Architectural Floor Plan
Objectives
• This chapter discusses how to draft and dimension a floor plan using straight-edged tools
• The single-family residence is the primary focus
What is a Floor Plan?• Orthographic, two-dimensional drawing
made by inserting a horizontal cutting plane 4'-0" above the ground
• Shows lengths and widths, but not heights • The roof and walls above the cutting plane
are “lifted up”• Cutting plane may be staggered at
different levels– Example: split-level houses
What is a Floor Plan?(cont’d.)
Figure 8-1 A floor plan is made with a horizontal cutting plane 4'-0" above the ground.
What Goes on in an Architectural Floor Plan?
• Shows finished and unfinished space– Balconies, attached garages, decks, patios,
and pools– Walls, wall openings, windows, doors, door
swings, skylights, exposed beams, etc.• Room names and symbols that reference
the plan to schedules, sections, and details• Each level of the building has its own plan
What Goes on in an Architectural Floor Plan?
(cont’d.)
Figure 8-6 Construction drawing of a house floor plan.
Symbols• Knowledge of symbols, poché, and wall
thickness is needed to draw a floor plan• Items must be pochéd with line symbols that
represent the material they are made of• Walls must be drawn with a thickness that
represents their construction• Doors, windows, cabinets, drains, draperies,
and other common items are drawn to represent their size and type
Symbols (cont’d.)
Figure 8-7 Different ways to poche a 6" exterior wood-frame wall.
Drafting a Floor Plan
• Decide which scale to use• Draw the plan’s overall width and length• Draw the exterior walls, the interior walls,
door and window openings, the stairs and fireplace
Drafting a Floor Plan (cont’d.)
Darken the wallsDraw cabinetry, appliances, plumbing fixtures, and door and window symbols, and outline the front and back porchesDraw a second-floor plan
Drafting a Floor Plan (cont’d.)
Figure 8-25 If a furniture plan is needed, add furniture
Types of Walls• Load-bearing walls can be interior/exterior• Non–load-bearing walls bear no weight• Partial walls are not full height• Partitions are non-load bearing interior walls• Chase is a passage between floors or walls• Dimensions are numbers that describe the
size of features and their location from other features
Types of Walls (cont’d.)
Figure 8-31 Chase wall thickness for floor and wall-mounted fixtures
Dimensioning Architectural Construction
Plans• Essential rules for dimensioning are
accuracy, completeness, and a single, legible interpretation
• Architectural dimensioning is aligned• Imperial dimension notes in feet and inches• Circles and arcs are dimensioned from
their center points
Dimensioning Architectural Construction
Plans (cont’d.)• Typically three stringers• Place exterior dimensions outside the plan
to avoid overcrowding• Varies depending on whether building is
standard, wood frame, or masonry• Doors and windows must be located on the
drawings
Dimensioning Architectural Construction
Plans (cont’d.)
Figure 8-35 Locate a circle’s or curve’s center from two directions.
Dimensioning Architectural Construction
Plans (cont’d.)
Figure 8-34 Place a dimension note outside a space if there is not enough room to place it inside
Dimensioning Architectural Construction
Plans (cont’d.)
Figure 8-39 Dimensioning practices for wood, masonry, and veneer construction
Dimensioning Cabinet Industry Plans
• Drawings are done to a 12" 1'-0" scale• Wall cabinets are drawn with a solid line• Appliances are dimensioned to their centers• Special features such as pull-out shelves
and lazy Susans are not drawn• All numbers are given in inches or inches
and fractions of inches• Height is from finished floor to ceiling
Dimensioning Cabinet Industry Plans (cont’d.)
Figure 8-42 Bathroom dimensioned to cabinet industry standards. Note that fixtures are dimensioned to their centers. Circled numbers reference millwork to a schedule.
Summary• Floor plans are hard-lined once the
layout is final• Fixed architectural features are shown in
symbol form• Other symbols reference the plan to other
drawings• Dimension notes show the size and location
of the features• Dimensioning is done differently depending
on the target audience for the drawing