weekly announcements no homework today notebook check today quiz on cellular respiration tuesday...
TRANSCRIPT
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Weekly Announcements
• No Homework today
• Notebook Check today
• Quiz on Cellular Respiration Tuesday Next week
• Lab on Chlorophyll Monday Next week
• Test on Chapter 4 Friday Next week
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10/7/13
• Do Now: Take out any graded papers from your bags and notebooks and place in your folder
• HW: No HW
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10/8/13
• Do Now: What is Energy and how to we obtain it?
• HW: – Read pages 51 -52 – Put vocabulary in your own words from
beginning of chapter 4
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10/9/13
• Do Now: What would happen if nutrients were only able to enter cells and never leave?
• HW: Read pages 53 - 54
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Diffusion & Osmosis
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Diffusion
The movement of molecules from an area in which they are highly concentrated to an area in which they are less concentrated.
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Diffusion
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Osmosis
• The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
• Osmosis is a type of Passive Transport.
• Osmosis requires NO ENERGY.
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OsmosisOsmosis
• Hypertonic- a solution that causes a cell to shrink because of Osmosis.
• Hypotonic- a solution that causes a cell to swell because of Osmosis.
• Isotonic- a solution that causes no change in the size of the cell
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Osmosis
• In this picture a red blood cell is put in a glass of distilled water. Because there is a higher concentration of water outside the cell, water enters the cell by OSMOSIS. In this case too much water enters and the cell swells to the point of bursting open.
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Selectively Permeable
• A membrane that allows only certain materials to cross it
• Materials pass through pores in the membrane
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Summary
• Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lesser concentration.
• Osmosis is the movement of water thru a semi permeable membrane.
• Active transport requires energy. (molecules move from an area of lesser to higher concentration)
• Passive transport needs NO ENERGY! (molecules move from an area of higher to lesser concentration).
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Why are osmosis & diffusion important?
• All living things have certain requirements they must satisfy in order to remain alive – maintain homeostasis
• These include exchanging gases (usually CO2 and O2), taking in water, minerals, and food, and eliminating wastes.
• These tasks happen at the cellular level.• Molecules move through the cell membrane by
diffusion• A balance, or EQUILIBRIUM, must be
maintained.
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10/10/13
• Do Now: What would you think the difference is between active and passive transport?
• HW: – Read pages 55-56– Complete “Check Your Understanding” on
page 57
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Active and Passive Transport
• Passive Transport = The diffusion of certain molecules through the cell membrane occurs passively, or without help.
• Osmosis Takes place through passive transport.
• Active Transport = Movement through the cell membrane that is the opposite of diffusion and requires energy (ATP)
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Cellular Respiration
• The process by which cells release energy from food.
• Cellular respiration releases energy.
• Water and carbon dioxide are byproducts
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10/11/13
• Do Now: How do plants get energy?
• HW: – Read pages 57-58– Complete “Check Your Understanding” on
page 59
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Photosynthesis & Respiration
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What is Photosynthesis?
The process of photosynthesis is a chemical reaction.
It is the most important
chemical reaction on our planet.
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What is the Equation for the Chemical Reaction of
Photosynthesis?
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What is the equation for the chemical reaction of
photosynthesis?
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What is the equation for the chemical reaction of
photosynthesis?
Six molecules of carbon dioxide react with six molecules of water to form 1 molecule of
glucose and six molecules of oxygen.
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Describe Photosynthesis
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Describe Photosynthesis
• The process of changing light energy to chemical energy
• Energy stored as sugar
• Occurs in plants and some algae
• Plants need light energy, CO2, and H2O
• Takes place in the chloroplasts, using chlorophyll, the green pigment in plants
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What happens during photosynthesis?
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What happens during photosynthesis?
• Plants capture light energy and use that energy to make glucose
• Sunlight provides the energy needed by chlorophyll to change molecules of carbon dioxide and water into glucose
• Oxygen is also released in this reaction
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What happens during photosynthesis?
• Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through holes called stomata
• CO2 combines with the stored energy in the chloroplasts through a chemical reaction to make glucose
• The sugar is moved through tubes in the leaf to the roots, stems and fruits of the plants
• Some of the sugar is used right away by the plant for energy; some is stored as starch; and some is built into plant tissue
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Why is this important to us?
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Why is this important to us?
We cannot make our own food (glucose, energy), we must get our food from plants.
Plants are the first step in the food chain.
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Why is this important to us?
The oxygen released during photosynthesis is necessary for all living things.
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Learn more about photosynthesis at:
http://www.ftexploring.com/me/photosyn1.html
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What is Cellular Respiration?
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What is Cellular Respiration?
The release of chemical energy for use by cells.
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What is Cellular Respiration?
Once the energy that was in sunlight is changed into chemical energy by photosynthesis, an organism has to transform the chemical energy into a a form that can be used by the organism.
This process is cellular respiration.
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Describe Cellular Respiration
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Describe Cellular Respiration
• The breakdown of glucose molecules to release energy
• Takes place in all living things
• Is a step by step process
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What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
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What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?