Welcome

Ni Hao. My name is (insert name here). I work for some institution. It is over there. I am here today to talk to you about how to improve your presentation skills. Over the next hour, I plan on reviewing 384 slides with you.

If you are still reading this, then you are no longer listening to me. This is a problem because you came to hear ME speak. If you wanted to read a bunch of slides, then why waste time listening to me. Maybe you liked it when your parents read to you. Maybe you like the cool colors and fonts I’m now using. Maybe you thought this was a laser show.

Regardless, STOP reading and start listening to me. Otherwise it will get really hard as the fonts change and get smaller. I bet you really wish that you could read this.

If It Works, It’s Good

• These are suggestions, not rules

• You can ignore everything here and still give a great presentation

What is important

YOU

What is important

• How it is said – 50%

• Body Language – 30%

• Visual Aids – 12%

• Content – 8%

90 second rule

• The first 90 seconds of any presentation are crucial.

• The audience is evaluating you and forming an impression.

Know Your AudienceFirst and most important rule: KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE

Different audiences need different types of talks

Fellow experts Technical jargon OK, Details good

Briefing for Colleagues Some jargon OK, less detailed

General Audience Minimal jargon, “Big Picture” only

Know what style is appropriate for your intended audience

Photos• First and most important rule: KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE

• Offer handouts…..after the presentation

• Offer papers, patents, slides, etc

• Offer information about YOU

• Contact me at – your.email@DICP.com

Laser show

Visual Aids

• You are the primary visual aid

• Remember the word “Visual”

• Keep it simple

• Do not talk to the screen!

Reading Is Bad

The practice of putting huge blocks of text on a slide and then reading every single word to the audience probably accounts for half of the problems people have with PowerPoint. Most people in the audience will be able to read the text faster than you can say it out loud. Those who can’t will be so busy reading it that they’ll tend to miss what you’re saying.

Keep words on slides to a minimum

This goes double for math/equations

Slide Structure – Good

• Use 1 - 2 slides per minute

• Use key words and phrases

• Include 4 - 5 points per slide, OR……

Slide Structure – Good

• 1 point per slide

Slide Structure – Good

• Helps audience concentrate

• Prevents audience from reading ahead

• Keeps your presentation focused

Slide Structure - Bad

This page contains too many words for a presentation slide. It is not written in point form, making it difficult both for your audience to read and for you to present each point. Although there are exactly the same number of points on this slide as the previous slide, it looks much more complicated. In short, your audience will spend too much time trying to read this paragraph instead of listening to you

Bad Example– Hydrocracking works by first saturating aromatic rings and

then cracking the saturated ring systems. This generally results in reduced aromaticity in products. The more aromatic rings coupled together (fused) on a molecule the greater the hydrogen consumption during saturation.

– Aromatic type analysis will provide operations and/or optimization with insight into the ease of processing and impact, operating temperature, hydrogen consumption, and expected conversion, thus enabling feed stock optimisation.

– The carbon in aromatic cores relative to that in aliphatic chains and rings informs the degree of crackability and product slate qualities.

– Due to the complex interactions between saturation, cracking, ring opening and isomerisation, process models used in unit optimisation and LP’s require a good understanding of feedstock aromaticity.

Equation 1

Equation 2

Equation 3

Equation 4

First set of equations

Even more equations

Another Bad Example

Another Bad Example• And even more, this time with a reference

(xxxx), JFM, xxx, 213-241, and color

2

2 2

0.5 0.5c CO H

20.5 0.5c CO OH H O H

=1

kK p pr

K p p p

b

K

2d g pF =3 d U V f

MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM（ - ）（ ）

3

10= 0.7f

(1- )

（ ）

2 3

1 3 0.5=

1 0.681 8.48 8.16f

(1- ) (135/ 64)(1- ) l n(1- )+17. 14(1- )

（ ）(1- ) (1- ) (1- )

for ε<0.6

for ε>0.6.

b = 0~0.1, indicating the activity of the catalyst

Slide Design

Keep Background Images Simple

Complicated background images make text disappear

Use solid colors, or simple patterns

Use animation sparingly

Slide Structure - Bad

• No distracting animation

• Don’t go overboard with animation

• Be consistent with animation

Slide Design1) Text Is Still Bad

2) Use high-contrast fonts and colors

Certain colors are nearly invisible on some backgrounds

Be aware of or sensitive to people with visual impairments, like colorblindness

Don’t use complicated fonts or tiny little text

An A4 printout should be readable from ~3 meters

Fonts - Good

• At least a 24-point font

• Use different size fonts

– main points

– secondary points

• Use a standard font

Fonts - Bad

• If you use a small font, your audience won’t be able to read what you have written

• CAPITALIZE ONLY WHEN NECESSARY. IT IS DIFFICULT TO READ

• Don’t use a complicated font

Font Color - Bad• Using a font color that does not contrast with the

background color is hard to read

• Using color for decoration is distracting and annoying.

• Using a different color for each point is unnecessary

– Using a different color for secondary points is also unnecessary

• Trying to be creative can also be bad

Background & Fonts - Good

• Attractive but simple

• Words should contrast with the background

• Be consistent throughout presentation

• Emphasize a point

– But only use this occasionally

Background - Bad

• Avoid backgrounds that are distracting or difficult

to read from

• Always be consistent with the background that you

use

Example - Bad

1. Improvement of catalyst for syngas to bijou in one-step synthesis

Non-X-based catalysts

The active temperature could match that of something

Could synergistically catalyze reaction with something

2. Improvement of process of syngas to bijou via beer

The roles of metal in ZX-zeolite

The roles of X2 in feed gases

Mechanism of some formation over something with some atmosphere

Improve performance & stability of reactions

Spelling and Grammar

• Proof your slides for:

– speling mistakes

– use of of of repeated words

– grammatical errors

• Have someone else proof your slides

Graphs - Good

• Use graphs rather than just charts and words

– Data in graphs is easier to comprehend & retain than raw

data

– Trends are easier to visualize in graph form

• Always title your graphs

• Label your axis clearly

• Don’t put everything into one graph

Graphs - Bad

• Remember your significant digits

Milk and Cream 0.36301710

Grapes 0.26508730

Nursery Products 0.20874470

Lettuce 0.13700040

Graphs - Good

Graphs - GoodAnnual flash gas production by unit

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2001 2002 2003 2004

kscf

h

Aromatics Unit 2IsomerizationUltraformer 4Ultraformer 3

Note that average flash gas production is greater than available compressor capacity

Available compressor

capacity

Graphs - Bad

20.4

27.4

90

20.4

30.6

38.6

34.631.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

January February March April

Blue Balls

Red Balls

•Minor gridlines are unnecessary•Font is too small•Colors could show more contrast•Title is missing

Graphs – Bad – Dual Y axis

Graphs - Good

Graphs – too much info for a presentation

Presentation vs Poster vs Pre-read

• Remember – you are here to speak!

12 103

226

303

14770

723

Academicians Professors

Associate Professors Senior Technical / Admin

Technical / Admin Postdoc.

Students

254295 300 284 275 253 253

476 498 520476

515 502470

730793 820

760790

755723

0

200

400

600

800

1000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

M.S Ph.D Total

Staff Members(total = 1899)

15 AcademiciansGraduate

Students

Keep it simple

You tell the story

1899

Good pre-read

• Compressor reliability

– 170J – works well but can’t use

all available capacity

– 149J – just spent $1m and it is

still having problems

– J2 – poor design, will never

work well

• Flash gas production

– More production than

compressor capacity

– Actual production is unknown

due to unmetered spills to fuel.

Historic availability and maintenance cost of flash gas compressors

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

2001 2002 2003 2004

% a

vaila

bilit

y

ULC 170J flash gas compressor ULC 149J flash gas compressor Isom J 2 flash gas compressor

$1.7

k

$31k

$950

k

$16k

$103

k

$114

k

$47k

$7k

$120

k

$0.7

k

$81k

$26k

Note that the availability of the 149J flash gas compressor has dropped off while its maintanence costs have increased

dramatically

Annual flash gas production by unit

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2001 2002 2003 2004

kscf

h

Aromatics Unit 2IsomerizationUltraformer 4Ultraformer 3

Note that average flash gas production is greater than available compressor capacity

Available compressor

capacity

Good presentation

Historic availability and maintenance cost of flash gas compressors

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

2001 2002 2003 2004

% a

vaila

bilit

y

ULC 170J flash gas compressor ULC 149J flash gas compressor Isom J 2 flash gas compressor

$1.7

k

$31k

$950

k

$16k

$103

k

$114

k

$47k

$7k

$120

k

$0.7

k

$81k

$26k

Note that the availability of the 149J flash gas compressor has dropped off while its maintanence costs have increased

dramatically

41

Good pre-read

Current Opportunity/ Situation

Current Opportunity/ Situation

• During certain market periods, opportunities exist to lock-in margins associated with incremental crude runs

– Play significant deviations

– Reduce risk given historical sharpness of margin declines

• Several refining business units over the past 12 months have locked-in the crude to product spread

– Refinery 1

– Refinery 2

• Multiple trading benches are requesting clarity regarding when is it appropriate to lock in incremental refining margins

– Implications:

Higher crude runs can mean significant portion is converted to diesel

G/D flexibility can result in increased diesel output

• During certain market periods, opportunities exist to lock-in margins associated with incremental crude runs

– Play significant deviations

– Reduce risk given historical sharpness of margin declines

• Several refining business units over the past 12 months have locked-in the crude to product spread

– Refinery 1

– Refinery 2

• Multiple trading benches are requesting clarity regarding when is it appropriate to lock in incremental refining margins

– Implications:

Higher crude runs can mean significant portion is converted to diesel

G/D flexibility can result in increased diesel output

NYH AND WEST COAST 3:2:1 CRACK SPREAD(1992-2002)

-300%

-200%

-100%

0%

100%

200%

300%

400%

500%

600%

Jan-

92

Jul-9

2

Feb

-93

Sep

-93

Apr

-94

Nov

-94

Jun-

95

Jan-

96

Aug

-96

Mar

-97

Oct

-97

Apr

-98

Nov

-98

Jun-

99

Jan-

00

Aug

-00

Mar

-01

Oct

-01

May

-02

CR

AC

K S

PR

EA

D M

EA

SU

RE

D IN

ST

AN

DA

RD

DE

VIA

TIO

NS

FR

OM

AV

ER

AG

E

LA NYH

Favorable market conditions

2 standard deviation moves

2 standard deviation moves

Good presentation

Example – simple

Example – Too much

Nano scale

Big aspect ratio

Chemically stable

Electrically/thermal conductivity

Flexible

Impermeable Nano Lett. 2008; 8:2458

Science 2012;335:442

Example – Too much

ACS Nano 2011;5(2):1321

ACS Nano 2012;6(2):1102

Example – Too much

SS304+ G

Example – Too much

Example – Too much

Break this up into multiple slides

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.40.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0 EG Linear Fit of Sheet1 B

mi/m

s

Ai/A

s

y=0.02682+2.68618x R2=0.9992

0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.81.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0 EE Linear Fit of Sheet1 B

mi/m

s

Ai/A

s

y=-0.52746+2.3977x R2=0.9995

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2

1

2

3

4

5

6 DME Linear Fit of Sheet1 B

mi/m

s

Ai/A

s

y=-0.01007+2.86941x R2=0.9997

Example – Too much, too small

No claim of this technology

Example – Too much

Practice

• Practice

• Practice

• Practice

Your conclusion

• Should be effective and strong

• Summarize the main points

• Chance to give opinion

Questions??

• End your presentation with a simple question

slide

• Invite your audience to ask questions

• Provides a visual aid during question period

• Avoids ending a presentation abruptly

And finally. . . .

• DO NOT READ YOUR SLIDES!

• Use your slides as Talking Points (keep it simple)

• Allow time for Q/A at the end of your

presentation

Questions?

• So… any questions??