welcome of chemistry welcome of chemistry full report on liquid lab density due! full report on...
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Welcome of Chemistry Welcome of Chemistry Full Report on Liquid Lab Density Due!Full Report on Liquid Lab Density Due!
QuestionsQuestions
Slope for Solid Density Lab? Slope for Solid Density Lab? Bonus Points for Solid Density LabBonus Points for Solid Density Lab Element profiling Book ProjectElement profiling Book Project
18 Elements Quiz 18 Elements Quiz Finish notes on Math SkillsFinish notes on Math Skills Notes on Matter and Its PropertyNotes on Matter and Its Property
Create a graphic organizerCreate a graphic organizer Practice problemsPractice problems
Warm-UpWarm-Up
What is Matter?What is Matter?
18 Elements Quiz18 Elements Quiz
1.1. He = _________He = _________
2.2. Si = _________Si = _________
3.3. F = __________F = __________
4.4. Be = _________Be = _________
5.5. Mg = _________Mg = _________
6. Lithium = _________6. Lithium = _________
7. Sodium = 7. Sodium = ______________________
8. Chlorine = 8. Chlorine = ____________________
9. Atomic #1 = 9. Atomic #1 = ________________
10. Atomic #4 = 10. Atomic #4 = ________________
Ch. 1: Matter and Ch. 1: Matter and ChangeChange
1.2 Matter and Its Properties1.2 Matter and Its Properties
TermsTerms
MatterMatter- anything that has mass and - anything that has mass and volumevolume
AtomAtom- smallest unit of an element that - smallest unit of an element that keeps the properties of elementkeeps the properties of element
ElementElement- pure substance made of only one - pure substance made of only one type of atomtype of atom
CompoundCompound- substance made of 2 or more - substance made of 2 or more types of atoms that are chemically bondedtypes of atoms that are chemically bonded
MoleculeMolecule- type of compound in which - type of compound in which bonds are covalent bondsbonds are covalent bonds
Properties of MatterProperties of Matter
chemists use characteristic chemists use characteristic properties to tell substances apart properties to tell substances apart and to separate themand to separate them
some properties define a group of some properties define a group of substancessubstances
Types of PropertiesTypes of Properties
ExtensiveExtensive- depend on the amount of - depend on the amount of mattermatter
Ex: volume, mass, amount of energy Ex: volume, mass, amount of energy
IntensiveIntensive- do not depend on the - do not depend on the amountamount
Ex: density, boiling point, ability to Ex: density, boiling point, ability to conductconduct
Types of PropertiesTypes of Properties PhysicalPhysical- -
characteristics that characteristics that can be observed or can be observed or measured without measured without changing the changing the identity of a identity of a substancesubstance
ChemicalChemical- relates to - relates to a substances ability a substances ability to undergo changes to undergo changes that transform it into that transform it into a different substancea different substance
Easiest to see when a Easiest to see when a chemical is reactingchemical is reacting
Physical Changes in Physical Changes in MatterMatter
change in a change in a substance that substance that doesn’t change doesn’t change the identity of the identity of the substancethe substance
Ex. grinding, Ex. grinding, cutting, melting, cutting, melting, boilingboiling
Includes all changes Includes all changes of state (physical of state (physical changes of a changes of a substance from one substance from one state to another)state to another)
Solids Molecular motion?Molecular motion? Shape and volume?Shape and volume?
States of MatterStates of Matter
LiquidsLiquids Molecular motion? Molecular motion? Shape and volume?Shape and volume?
GasesGases Molecular motion Molecular motion
and spacing?and spacing? Shape and volume? Shape and volume?
PlasmaPlasma Temporary, high-energy state of Temporary, high-energy state of
moleculesmolecules Exists on the sun, in neon Exists on the sun, in neon
lights, and lightning lights, and lightning
http://www.thestormshop.com/clips.htm
How does temperature affect the state of a substance?
What is temperature?
solidsolid liquidliquid
Different substances have different melting points.
Melting
Does size affect melting point?
liquidliquid solidsolid
A substance freezes and melts at the same temperature.
Freezing
liquidliquid gasgas
Different substances have different boiling points.
Boiling
gasgas liquidliquid
Condensation and boiling occur at the same temperature.
Condensation
Why does your glass get “sweaty”?
directly from directly from
solidsolid gasgas
Can you think of something that sublimes?
Sublimation
Depositiondirectly from gas solid
Water vapor in the freezer becomes frost
Changes of StateChanges of State
Gas0
Mix Liquid
Heat
Mixture
Solid
Boiling/condensing point
Water & Steam
Water
State Change Diagram for Water
Ice & Water
Ice
intermolecular forces weakened
intermolecular forces dominate
Temperature
(K)
473
373
273
Steam
Melting/ freezing point
Chemical Changes in Chemical Changes in MatterMatter
a change in which a substance is a change in which a substance is converted into a different substanceconverted into a different substance
same as chemical reactionsame as chemical reaction doesn’t change the amount of matter doesn’t change the amount of matter
presentpresent reactantsreactants- - substances that reactsubstances that react productsproducts- - substances that are substances that are
producedproduced
mercury + iodine mercury + iodine mercuric mercuric iodideiodide
Energy Changes in Energy Changes in MatterMatter
when any change occurs, energy when any change occurs, energy is always involvedis always involved
energy can be in different forms energy can be in different forms (light, heat, etc.) (light, heat, etc.)
energy is never destroyed or energy is never destroyed or created (law of conservation of created (law of conservation of energy)energy)
Energy Changes in Energy Changes in MatterMatter
Exothermic Reaction-Exothermic Reaction- reaction that reaction that gives off energy (feels warm on gives off energy (feels warm on outside)outside)
Endothermic ReactionEndothermic Reaction- reaction that - reaction that uses up energy (feels cold on outside)uses up energy (feels cold on outside)